What is the difference between idealism and materialism? Please answer the details of the point!

The difference between materialism and idealism is that:

Materialism believes that the world is material, the material world can be known, and with the development of science, human beings will gradually understand and grasp the entire material world.

Idealism holds that the world is subjective or objectively spiritual, and that the spirit dominates everything; Objective things are generally explained by idealism first, followed by materialistic explanations; Materialist explanations always use science to affirm the phenomena described by idealism, and at the same time deny the conclusions of idealism and draw scientific conclusions; Materialism cannot explain the phenomenon with science is the condition for the temporary existence of idealism, because materialism cannot be explained by science, it denies the existence of objective phenomena, objectively consolidates the existence of idealism, in the face of unknown things or phenomena, the desire for knowledge makes people can only find answers from idealistic explanations, so as to move towards idealism, so that the broad masses of people are more or less corrupted and confused by idealistic thought.

The process of scientific development of materialism has proved that none of the gods of the past existed and have been replaced by science, and it can be inferred that the gods that exist do not exist also and must also be scientific phenomena, and will inevitably be replaced by science in the future.

All objective phenomena depicted by idealism are all sciences that materialism needs to master, and the process of materialism negating the conclusions of idealism is also the process of realizing the development of human science and social progress, and finally unifying into the common goal of materialism and idealism, and human society has entered the world of communism.

Thinking and being are the origin of the world. This is the criterion by which idealism and materialism are divided.

The basic viewpoint of materialism: matter is the primordial, matter is the first, consciousness is secondary, matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of matter.

The basic viewpoint of idealism: consciousness is the primordial, consciousness is the first, matter is second, consciousness determines matter, and matter depends on consciousness.

A battle between two extremists! Tell a good story, like a spear and a shield.

The mind is idealistic and the body is materialistic. Only those who have a mind and body are a complete person.

There is only one difference.

Idealism holds that spirit is primary and matter is secondary, whereas materialism holds that matter is primary and spirit is secondary. Materialism and idealism are two fundamentally opposed philosophical schools. Materialist celebrities include Marx and Engels, and idealistic celebrities include Mozi, Aristotle and Hegel.

The main representatives of idealism include Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Shouren in China, Berkeley in Britain and Fichte in Germany.

Difference Between Materialism and Idealism:

The fundamental view of materialism is to recognize that the essence of the world is matter, that there is matter first and then consciousness in the world, that matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of matter. Contrary to materialism, the fundamental view of idealism is that the essence of the world is consciousness, and that it is not matter that determines consciousness, but consciousness that determines matter.

The difference between the fundamental viewpoints of materialism and idealism is formed around the question of the relationship between matter and consciousness. The question of the relationship between matter and consciousness is the basic problem of philosophy, and it is not only a problem that all philosophies must encounter, but also a question that all philosophies must first encounter. Which is the primordial principle of matter and consciousness, and who determines whom of matter and consciousness, is the most important aspect of the fundamental question of philosophy, and the nature of different philosophies in this aspect is different.

The basic problem of philosophy is also the basic problem in practical work, and to truly admit that matter is the origin and that matter determines consciousness, that is, we must insist on proceeding from reality in practical work, so that subjectivity conforms to objectivity.

Materialism is the recognition that the world is material, and that there is matter first and then consciousness. The simplest is that modern science generally believes that the universe was created by the big **, and man evolved from monkeys, etc. Representative figures: Marx, Feuerbach, Black Cong Chongger.

Idealism is the recognition that the world is conscious, and that there is consciousness before matter. The simplest is that the West believes that the world was created by God, and China believes that Nuwa created man. In ancient times, Wang Yangming's "science of mind" believed that "there is nothing outside the heart", that is, nothing exists except what he thinks in his heart.

For example, if I see this flower, I see it, it exists, I don't see it, I don't have it in my heart, it doesn't exist. Representative figures: Wang Yangming, Kant.

Detailed example analysis:

1. Objective idealism: the consciousness that determines matter is an existence of objective existence separated from human beings, a mysterious spiritual force.

The representatives are: God's creation theory; Zhu Xi's "reason", he thinks of the heavenly principle, the fundamental principle of all things is "Wuji", and then there are two instruments and four images, which evolve in thousands of ways; Hegel's "Absolute Spirit"; Lao Tzu's "things must be opposed"; Cheng Yi's "reasonableness is qi", "there is an image after the rational face, and then there is an image".

2. Subjective idealism: the belief that the consciousness that determines matter is the concept and feeling of human beings.

The representatives are: Monk Huineng, such as his assertion that "it is not the wind that moves, it is not the sail that moves, it is your heart that moves"; Wang Yangming: "There is nothing outside the heart, nothing outside the heart, and there is no reason outside the heart"; Descartes:

I think, therefore I am"; Berkeley (Cardinal Archbishop): "To be is to be perceived", "Matter is a composite of ideas"; Immanuel Kant (Germany): "Human reason legislates for nature"; Mach (Austria):

Matter is a composite of sensations"; Protagoras (Ancient Greek): "Man is the measure of all things";

3. Materialism: Matter determines consciousness (there are three classifications according to different interpretations of matter).

1) Ancient naïve materialism: "Five Elements Theory" gold, wood, water, fire, and earth as matter, mutual growth and mutual restraint, thousands of evolutions; Heraclitus: "The essence of all things is a fire, and this world is not created by any god or man, an eternal living fire that burns and extinguishes according to the law."

2) Modern Metaphysical Materialism Newton (Mechanical Materialism).

Dialectical materialism and historical materialism are both components of Marxist materialism, in which dialectical materialism includes materialism, dialectics, and epistemology, and historical materialism includes outlook on life.

The fundamental view of materialism is to recognize that the essence of the world is matter, that there is matter first and then consciousness in the world, that matter determines consciousness, and consciousness is the reflection of matter. Materialism believes that the original principle of the world is matter, matter is the first consciousness, and matter determines consciousness.

Idealism is a philosophy that is fundamentally opposed to materialism. The fundamental view of idealism is that the essence of the world is consciousness, and that it is not matter that determines consciousness, but consciousness that determines matter. Idealism holds that the origin of the world is consciousness, consciousness is the first matter second, and consciousness determines matter.

The fundamental difference between the two is whether or not to admit that the origin of the world is matter, and whether to admit that matter determines consciousness.

To put it simply, idealism is subjective, and materialism is objective.

Drinking porridge explanation:

> hungry - > drink porridge - > full - > for a while||

- For the above cycle process, do you drink porridge first or feel (hungry) first?

Materialism believes that porridge determines the feeling of hunger and satiety, and idealism believes that the feeling (hunger and satiety) determines the existence of porridge.