What is cryophilia and what is pathological freezing?

There are at least 100,000 of the world's five major terminal diseases -- ALS in China.

Conservative estimates: there are 100,000 ALS people in China.

Yesterday was World ALS Day. In a public welfare activity launched by the Chinese Medical Doctor Association yesterday, relevant medical experts said that although diseases such as "ALS" and cancer are listed as the world's five major terminal diseases, China still lacks accurate epidemiological surveys and cannot know the number of patients in China.

According to the global incidence of the disease, it is conservatively estimated that there are at least 100,000 ALS people in China.

"ALS" is a common name for a group of motor neuron diseases, because the motor nerve cells in the brain, brainstem and spinal cord are invaded, and the patient's muscles gradually atrophy and weakness, so that the paralysis, and the body seems to be gradually frozen, so it is commonly known as "ALS". Because the sensory nerves are not affected, the disorder does not affect the patient's intelligence, memory, or sensation. Like the well-known master of physics and scientific giant Stephen Hawking, he is a "gradual freezing person".

According to experts, due to the lack of awareness of the disease and the fact that no large-scale national surveys have been carried out, there is no accurate statistics on the number of "ALS" in China. It is conservatively estimated that there should be at least 100,000 people with motor neurone disease in China, and if other patients with similar diseases with unclear diagnoses are included, this number will exceed 200,000.

Due to a lack of awareness, many ALS patients do not receive timely and correct diagnosis and treatment. Among them, cervical spondylosis is the first misdiagnosed disease of motor neuron disease.

ALS It is recommended to take Chinese medicine to recuperate.

1. All frozen pathological sections are an emergency consultation method between the surgical department and the pathology department. A small piece of tissue is surgically cut off, and after cumbersome procedures such as conventional fixation and dehydration paraffin embedding, the tissue is frozen at about -20 degrees through a special OCT embedding agent, cut into thin sections and stained, and subjected to microscopic observation to help determine the benign and malignant tissue, the method of resection, the scope of resection, and the confirmation of tissues that are not easy to be identified by the naked eye.

Due to the rapid speed of frozen sections, it has become a routine intraoperative diagnostic method for many disruptive surgeries or surgeries that are difficult to determine whether benign or malignant is difficult to determine.

But cryopathology also has its limitations:

1.The diagnosis rate is not as good as that of paraffin sections, the diagnosis rate of paraffin is about 99%, and the freezing rate is different according to the level, which is already good at 90%-95%.

2.Application limitations, for adipose lesions, lymphoma and other diseases that need to determine immune characteristics or are not easy to section, freezing is difficult to determine, so it is often necessary to wait for paraffin results;

3.Frozen consultation is often not used for lesions of virulent infectious diseases. For example, AIDS, tuberculosis, syphilis, etc. avoid iatrogenic transmission;

Some of NHK's statements are incorrect. Very few needles penetrate the tissue for freezing. Usually small biopsies are not diagnosed by cryopathy.

Pathological freezing was observed and evaluated according to the integrity of the section, flatness, staining and other indicators. Results: The sections were incomplete, poor staining, slice falling off, and slice shrinkage.

Frozen shoulder is a common disease, which is a group of diseases such as shoulder pain and shoulder joint dysfunction. After the onset of the disease, the shoulder looks like it is frozen, so it is called a frozen shoulder in terms of form. In the past, there was a misunderstanding that all shoulder pain belonged to frozen shoulder, but in fact, frozen shoulder is a disease that includes more than ten kinds of **.

The ** of frozen shoulder has the following points: 1. Mild trauma and sprain of the joint. 2. Reduced shoulder joint movement. 3. Endocrine disorders. 4. Abnormal immune function caused by infection. 5. Feel the wind chill.

The course of the frozen shoulder is divided into three stages: the main manifestation in the early stage is pain, which can be intense and cannot sleep at night. The medium-term manifestation is a reduction in pain, but functional impairment is evident, called the freezing phase, which can be prolonged.

Finally, it enters the ** stage, but the recovery varies from person to person.

First of all, a preliminary judgment can be made from the age, and the age of the patient should be around 50 years old. In addition, the pain is mainly manifested in the upper and front sides of the shoulder, and sometimes the neck and elbow joints are also affected. Secondly, the dysfunction is more obvious, the joint contracture occurs, and the abduction, forward lifting, and rotation of the arm are significantly limited.

Patients are advised to go to the hospital for a definitive diagnosis.

The patient should also be given some auxiliary examinations, such as an X-ray of the shoulder to determine whether the patient has other diseases, such as tumors, inflammation, etc.

Freezing the shoulder with the method of massage is a misunderstanding, because in the acute pain period of the fifty shoulder, the activity should be reduced, and at the same time, some physical and closed, so as to achieve the purpose of pain relief and anti-inflammatory. Incorrect ** can worsen symptoms.

It is very important to exercise during the frozen shoulder stage, the purpose of which is to increase the range of motion of the joints and gradually increase the strength of the joints. The basic principle of exercise is from light to heavy, from less to more. For example, at the beginning, you can do some bending and swinging arms, and use the gravity of the upper limbs to improve the range of motion of the joints.

In addition, in the process of exercise, with some heat therapy and physiotherapy is conducive to the function.

The disease can heal on its own.

What symptoms of freezing symptoms begin.

It is a type of motor neuron disease, the scientific name is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and it is also called Greck's disease because the famous American baseball star Luo Gehrig suffers from this disease.

The incidence of the disease is 4 per 100,000, mostly after the age of 40, and there are about 200,000 patients in China.

It is a malignant disease, as its name suggests, the person who gets it loses any mobility as if frozen in ice and snow, but the process is not rapid, but part of the body shrinks and becomes weak.

However, all this happened while they were conscious and clear-minded, and they were clearly watching the whole process of their gradual death.

Little is known about the disease. There is no cause of the disease, and there is no way**, and the average survival time of patients is only 3 years.

Nutritional problems. Nutritional deficiencies or imbalances lead to damage to nerve cells, atrophy of tissue cells, and gradual loss of function.

Frozen pathology sections.

It is the surgical department with.

An emergency consultation between pathology departments.

A small piece of tissue is surgically cut off, and after cumbersome procedures such as conventional fixation and dehydration paraffin embedding, the tissue is frozen at about -20 degrees through a special OCT embedding agent, cut into thin sections and stained, and subjected to microscopic observation to help determine the benign and malignant tissue, the method of resection, the scope of resection, and the confirmation of tissues that are not easy to be identified by the naked eye.

Due to frozen sections.

It is fast and has become a routine intraoperative diagnosis method for many disruptive surgeries or surgeries that are difficult to determine whether benign or malignant.

But cryopathology also has its limitations:

The diagnosis rate is not as good.

Paraffin sections, the diagnosis rate of paraffin is about 99%, while the freezing level is different, 90%-95% is already good.

Application limitations, for adipose lesions, lymphoma and other diseases that need to determine immune characteristics or are not easy to section, freezing is difficult to determine, so it is often necessary to wait for paraffin results;

Frozen consultation is often not used for lesions of virulent infectious diseases. For example, AIDS, tuberculosis, syphilis, etc. Avoid.

Iatrogenic transmission.

Some of NHK's statements are incorrect. Very few needles penetrate the tissue for freezing. Usually small biopsies are not diagnosed by cryopathy.

NHK may refer to frozen sections (frozen) for pathological cell examination

section)..Surgery first. Endoscopy.

Acupuncture slicing method, etc. Obtain a very small part of the patient's tissues or organs. 1 technique to do pathological cell testing.

will make fresh tissues. Immediately put it into liquid nitrogen at minus 200 degrees Celsius and flash freeze. The slices are then made with a cryostat.

With this method, the production is fast. The activity of enzymes in cells is also well preserved.

The condition of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unknown. In 20% of cases, it may be related to heredity or genetic defects. In addition, some environmental factors, such as genetics and heavy metal poisoning, may cause motor neuron damage.

The main theories of the causes of motor neuron damage are:

1.Neurotoxic substances accumulate and glutamate accumulates between nerve cells, causing damage to nerve cells over time.

2.Free radicals damage nerve cell membranes.

3.Nerve growth factor deficiency prevents nerve cells from growing and developing sustainably.

Excerpt from the encyclopedia) hope o ( o thank you.