Historical facts discuss why the Westernization Movement failed to achieve the goal of strengthening

There are many reasons why the Westernization Movement failed to achieve the goal of strengthening the army, mainly including the following:

1.The core idea of the Westernization Movement is to apply Chinese style to Western culture, that is, to only invest a lot of energy in learning the science and technology of Western countries, and not to involve institutional reform. Therefore, although the advanced equipment of the West has been introduced, it has not learned advanced military thinking and management systems, resulting in the failure to fundamentally improve the overall quality of the army.

2.In the process of setting up a military industry, the Westernists lacked scientific management methods and sufficient financial support, resulting in low production efficiency and difficulty in ensuring product quality. At the same time, there is also the problem of corruption in the Westernization movement, and many ** people use their power to profit from it, which leads to a decline in the quality of armaments.

3.During the Westernization Movement, the Qing Dynasty's neglect of political reform also led to a lag in army building. The corruption of the Manchurian aristocracy and the antagonism between the government and the people could not be effectively alleviated, which made the army face many difficulties in personnel selection, organization and management, and so on.

4.The contradictions and conflicts of interest between the Westernists and the diehards have also hindered the process of army building. Although the Westernists were relatively open-minded, their ultimate goal was to maintain the authority of the royal family, so they inevitably clashed with the diehards in the reform process.

5.The defeat of the First Sino-Japanese War exposed many shortcomings of the Westernization Movement, and the Beiyang Naval Division, which was built by the Qing Dynasty with a lot of financial resources in the war, was completely annihilated, which also marked the final failure of the Westernization Movement to achieve the goal of strengthening the army.

To sum up, there are many reasons why the Westernization Movement failed to achieve the goal of strengthening the military, including the limitations at the ideological and institutional levels, as well as many problems at the management level and the political level.

To put it bluntly, the two factions despised Westerners in one nostril, both for the purpose of maintaining the royal authority, and finally the Westernists were beaten to pieces in the First Sino-Japanese War.

The Westernization Movement is the first movement to strengthen the army in China's modern history, so the Westernization Movement involves military, political, economic, educational, and diplomatic, and in the name of self-improvement, the establishment of military industry, the establishment of new equipment of the road, navy is the main content. Li Hongzhang believes that China's civil and military system is far superior to that of Westerners, and firearms alone cannot reach it. But we know that it is impossible to build a strong army only with the renewal of equipment, without the renewal of systems and military thinking.

As a result, the Beiyang Naval Division, which spent a lot of money to build, was wiped out in the First Sino-Japanese Naval Battle, and the Qing Dynasty was forced to sign the "Treaty of Shimonoseki" that humiliated the country, and compensated **200 million taels, which is equivalent to the financial revenue of the Qing Dynasty for more than 2 years and the financial revenue of Japan for 4 years.

At that time, the equipment of the Beiyang Naval Division was very powerful, but the rulers were incompetent.

What are the historical facts, and can you describe them in detail?

In the early stage of the Westernization Movement, a military industry was established under the slogan of "self-improvement," and in the later stage, a civilian industry was established under the slogan of "seeking prosperity."

Fundamental purpose: to maintain feudal rule.

The products include artillery, firearms, ammunition, mines, and steam steamships and other new types of military schools, equipped with some troops, and they have also opened a number of military schools such as Tianjin Beiyang Naval Academy, Guangzhou Torpedo Academy, Weihai Naval Division Academy, Nanyang Naval Academy, Lushun Torpedo Academy, Jiangnan Army Academy, Shanghai Artillery Academy, etc., and have made important contributions to the cause of national defense.

The establishment of the Beiyang Navy was one of the highest achievements in the military aspect of the Westernization Movement. Although the Beiyang Navy failed in the end, it was once China's advanced military force that could deter the sea, occupied a place in the history of the world's navy, and in the process of cultivating the Beiyang Navy, it also led to a series of modern career developments.

In 1882, the Port Arthur was established.

In 1885, the Qing Dynasty newly established the Navy Yamen; The Army Armament Academy was set up in Tianjin.

In 1890, the Hubei Gun Factory was established in Hanyang;

Although the Westernization Movement did not make China rich and strong for more than 30 years, the Westernization Movement introduced advanced science and technology from the West, which led to the emergence of the first batch of modern enterprises in China, which objectively played a role in promoting the emergence and development of China's national capitalism.

The Westernization Movement introduced advanced culture and technology from the West, brought in many advanced technologies, opened a new door for the improvement of China's military strength, purchased many advanced products, and stimulated new impetus for the creation of the Chinese people.

During the Westernization Movement, the Westernists established a series of military industries, such as the Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau, the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, the Anqing Arsenal and so on. It has created a precedent for China's modern military industry. It also set up three naval divisions of Beiyang, Nanyang and Fujian, laying the foundation of the modern army.

In just a few years, China has already possessed the capacity of cast iron, steelmaking, and various military products produced by machines. The establishment of these modern military industries has enabled China to change from ignorance and rejection of foreign artifacts to active introduction, learning and exploration, which is definitely a huge progress.

Make people realize that they are not masters, and begin to do their part for the country's military research and development, so that the first can begin to move towards high technology, so that the military strength begins to be unprecedentedly improved.

It has played a role in promoting history, which has allowed China to achieve better development, provided China with many opportunities for development, and effectively developed China's economy.

The main force of the Qing ** Navy is the Fujian Naval Division, also known as the Fujian Navy. It is China's first modern naval fleet (the Aspen-Lee Thai fleet is not included due to command issues), and it is controlled by the Fuzhou Shipping Bureau. At the same time, it was also a modern fleet with the highest degree of localization of equipment at that time.

Before the Sino-French War in 1884, the scale and strength were the first in China, stationed along the coast of Fujian, and the main ships were made by the shipyard.

It has a total of 5 battalions in the middle, left, right, front and rear, with more than 4,300 officers and soldiers. As far as the coastal defense force is concerned, it has a total of 517 soldiers on Xiamen Island and Bolangyu Island, but it is divided into 10 flood areas, 24 piles, and more than 40 places, such as the four gates of Xiamen City and the water exercise platform, and it is on the coast of the mainland on the periphery of Xiamen Island.

It seems that Deng Shichang led the Beiyang Fleet to attack the Japanese army. But there is also Li Hongzhang's steamship China Merchants Bureau!

o⊙)…These are all in the history books, there is a basis! Believe me! (v) Hmm.

(Lalala is purple!)

In the early stage, it was the Fujian Naval Division, and in the later stage, it was Beiyang.

The Beiyang Naval Division, the symbol of the failure of the Westernization Movement is also the demise of the Beiyang Naval Division.