How was the early Greek civilization discovered? Discuss the relationship between myth and history

Greek mythology is mainly based on Homer's two books, one is the Odyssey, the other is the Iliad, the so-called history is the confrontation between tribes under the cloak of mythology, Greek mythology admires great heroes such as Hercules, Theseus, Achilles, Odysseus, etc., and the praise of these heroes is precisely the direct embodiment of the struggle between wild tribes, the confrontation, the plunder, the fighting, and the people attribute the respect for heaven and nature to the existence of God, after reading the myths of various countries and peoples in the world I think the gods in Greek mythology are the closest to human beings The gods have seven emotions and six desires, joys, sorrows, and sorrows, and there are too many shadows of people The gods are not high up and master everything, but help people, protect people, regulate and recognize behavior, punish evil and promote good, so Greek mythology is mythology Summary: Literature is anthropology History is human history Myths and stories are the crystallization of human dreams and great wisdom.

The early Greek civilization penetrated into people's lives through the Greek mythological system, which has been passed down to the present day. As a result, Greek civilization has never disappeared into the dust of history with the passage of time, as some other civilizations have done. There is a certain trace of history in the myth.

Believe in myths and peel back the cloak of legends and you will find out the real history. Just like the discoverers of Agamemnon and Troy, archaeology with myths and stories, and finally let him find it.

Cretan civilization; In 395 BC, Philip II effectively ascended the throne, and then made Macedonia a military power, established an anti-Macedonian alliance, mainly based on Athens, in 338 BC, Macedonia defeated the Greek coalition army, took control, in 3306 BC, Philip encountered an assassin and died, and then let his son Alexander effectively ascend the throne, Alexander quelled the city-state uprising, effectively consolidated a series of regimes, in 334 BC, he crossed the sea to the east.

Cretan civilization, Mycenaean civilization, this should be the earliest civilization of ancient Greece, the famous invasion of the Dorians of the world, this invasion ruined this civilization and brought Greece into the Dark Ages.

The Aegean civilization, which was the beginning of Greek civilization and the source of Western civilization. At that time, a special bronze culture was formed. At that time, a famous figure appeared called Heinrich Schliemann.

Ancient Greece. Civilization exists. The architectural sculptures of that era can be seen to have the same characteristics as the recorded documents, and combined with the extensive archaeological data of the Athenian city-state, the clay tablets and the ruins of the royal palace, as well as the characteristics of modern Greeks and ancient people, can also be used as a basis for the existence of ancient Greek civilization.

When we talk about ancient Greece, we don't just mean a country, but the Aegean Sea.

The Greek peninsula, the southwestern coast of Turkey, the islands and islands of the Ionian Sea, eastern Italy and Sicily.

A state formed by a combination of European regions such as the eastern coast. Now look at ancient Greece is located in the Mediterranean Sea.

of the Northeast. Ancient Greek civilization is also defined as one of the main sources of Western civilization, according to the surviving documents, it can be known that ancient Greek civilization lasted for about 650 years, which can be said to have influenced subsequent Western civilization. <>

In the West, the masterpiece of ancient history "Homer's Epic".

There are words about ancient Greek civilization in the records, and some people will say that such a big masterpiece is unconvincing to be written by a poet Homer, so the subsequent discovery of the ruins of Vasileos corroborates each other with the record of ancient Greek civilization in the Homeric epic. There are documents and ruins remaining, which is enough to prove the existence of ancient Greek civilization, but it is exaggerated in the subsequent circulation, which makes the ancient Greek civilization seem too magical, but it is a little unconvincing to look at the prosperity of that era in combination with the life of the current society. <>

From 1868 to 1890, an archaeological team led by the famous British archaeologist Evans discovered the legendary Minoan Palace, and found two kinds of clay tablets in the palace, which were later named Cretan Linear Script A and Mycenaean Linear Script B. These two texts are also the same as those recorded in the Homeric epics, and can also be used as a basis to prove the existence of ancient Greek civilization. And also at the University of Washington.

George, a genetic expert. Stamat Yanopoulos, who led a team to extract 37 ancient Minoan teeth.

DNA samples were then compared repeatedly with the DNA of 135 other modern Greek ethnic groups. Its results were confirmed in the Minoans as well as earlierNeolithicThe ancient Europeans, that is, the descendants of the ancient Greeks, shared 15 mitochondrial genomes, thus proving that the ancient people of that period were not immigrated by Africans who had long been in the same period, that is, it was confirmed that they were native genetic traits of the descendants of the ancient Greeks. And then there came fromHarvard UniversityJoseph Lazaritis, a population geneticist in the Department of Genetics, led a team that further confirmed that the important Mycenaean race in ancient Greek civilization was the important ancestor of modern Greeks.

These can be used as a basis to confirm the existence of ancient Greek civilization.

Not real. "Homer's epic" uses a lot of modern vocabulary, and it can be seen that the time of the accident is not very long, and then some of the so-called relics are actually just ornaments, which were made by the craftsmen themselves, and there is no more evidence to prove whether the era is long, and the ancient city of Troy that we see now is also forged in the process of development.

It must have existed, and according to the many artifacts left now, it can be proved that the ancient Greek civilization did exist, and there are many historical records.

It really exists. Because archaeologists have found some traces of the remains, and the Aegean civilization has been confirmed.

The emergence of Greek civilization:

1. Beginning: Around 2000 BC, the Aegean civilization.

Originated in Crete.

Later, the center of civilization moved to the Greek peninsula, and the Mycenaean civilization appeared.

The Cretan civilization and the Mycenaean civilization together are known as the Aegean civilization, which lasted about 800 years and was the beginning of the ancient Greek civilization.

Ancient Greece. Close proximity to the Mediterranean Sea.

and the Aegean Sea, which is the source of maritime civilization (Western civilization), so the ancient Greek civilization is also called maritime civilization.

2. Background: 1) Geographical environment: The origin and prosperity of ancient Greek civilization was based on the sea, vertical and horizontal mountains and crisscrossed rivers, which divided the Greeks into relatively isolated valleys and islands, and gave birth to Greek civilization.

2) City-states appeared:

Meaning: The city-state is small in size and has a small population, and is generally centered around the city, including a few surrounding villages.

Characteristics: small country and independent people.

3) Citizenship: Adult males whose parents and ancestors belong to the city-state, who own a certain amount of property and who are able to serve in the armed military are entitled to citizenship.

Geography to the Greek city-states.

Influence of Civilization:

1) Unlike the ancient Afro-Asian civilizations, the ancient Greek civilization belonged to the maritime civilization. It is bordered by the Aegean Sea in the east, with a tortuous coastline, many natural harbors, and islands, nautical and overseas**.

The conditions are unique. The geographical environment near the mountains and the sea provides Greece with convenient access to the world; The Greek peninsula did not have fertile large river basins and vast plains, but the mountains and rivers that crisscrossed the Greeks divided the Greeks into relatively isolated valleys and islands, forming numerous small states.

2) The conditions for agricultural production in Greece are very harsh, with little rain in summer and most of the area is barren mountainous area. It promotes a positive, active, courageous and enterprising spirit. Here, people direct the goal of life to the spiritual aspect, produce a fiery love and pursuit of wisdom, virtue and beauty, and form the concept that spiritual value is more important than material life.

3) The Aegean region has a pleasant climate. People like to live in the open air, praise and disparage politics, comment on figures, and express their own political opinions, which directly or indirectly contributed to the establishment of Greek democracy.

Since the 80s of the 20th century, there has been evidence that ancient Greek civilization did not develop completely independently. The idea that "Western" civilization originated from the Greco-Roman tradition of its own civilization began to be fundamentally questioned.

There are many inventions in Greek civilization that can be found in the shadow of other civilizations. For example, the wheel and the seeding machine in Eastern civilizations, and the sexagesimal numeral system in astronomy can also find similarities in Greek civilization. Euclid's Geometry is based on a summary of ancient Egyptian astronomy and ancient Greek geometry.

In philosophy, there are also many archetypes from Mesopotamia.

A historian once put it: "We inherited morality and religion from the Semitic people of the valley of the two rivers, and practices from the Egyptians." ”

More and more facts have proved that the Egyptian civilization, the civilization of the two rivers and the civilization of India all had an important influence on the ancient Greek civilization. Therefore, Greek civilization did not develop independently, but developed a brilliant civilization after absorbing the achievements of other civilizations.

The idea that ancient Greek civilization was heavily influenced by Eastern civilizations is gaining more and more recognition. In the ancient Mediterranean world, there was originally a phenomenon of the intersection of Greek and Oriental factors, but they were not simply "merged", but a kind of mutual influence and learning, in the process, Greek civilization also began its glorious course.

) is a new discovery and interpretation of the ancient orange and the Greek Tongwu Qing civilization.

a.Renaissance.

b.Enlightenment.

c.The Reformation.

d.Industrial Revolution.

Correct Answer: a

Ancient Greek mythology has its roots in the ancient Aegean civilization.

The Aegean civilization is the bronze civilization of the Aegean Sea region, with Crete and Mycenae in Greece as the core, so it is also called the "Cretan-Mycenaean civilization", from which the ancient civilization of the West originated.

The existence of this civilization came to light when the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann excavated the Mycenaean region in 1876.

However, subsequent discoveries proved that Mycenae was not central in the early years of the Aegean civilization (or even any period), and later more general geographical names were used to name the civilization.

Due to the paucity of written records, we can only tease out the approximate historical process mainly from monuments and archaeological excavations. Of course, there is also a lot of understanding of the interpretation of written materials.

Remains of the Aegean civilization

By far the most representative archaeological site is Knossos, which not only provides a lot of valuable material, but also its continuity over such a long period of time from the Neolithic period to the dawn of classical civilization.

Other important archaeological sites are Hishalik, Mycenae, Festos, St.

Three. 1. Tirins, Ferrakopi, Palaikastro and Gournia.