Which book presents the essence of the ideas of Western philosophers where to find them

The History of Western Philosophy is very good, Russell wrote, the writing is smooth, relatively easy to understand, and extremely scholarly.

Here's what the encyclopedia says about him;

A History of Western Philosophy is a philosophical masterpiece by the British mathematician, philosopher, writer, activist and critic Bertrand Russell (1872-1970), published in 1945, which comprehensively examines the development of Western philosophical thought from the ancient Greco-Roman period to the mid-20th century. Based on this understanding of philosophy, Russell believed that Western philosophy has always been influenced by both science and religion in the process of development, and accordingly divided the history of Western philosophy into three periods: ancient philosophy, Catholic philosophy and modern philosophy, revealing how science and religion, social solidarity and individual freedom are intricately intertwined and interact with philosophy in the development of philosophy. In the treasure trove of world philosophical theories, there is more than one "History of Western Philosophy" written by famous scholars, but this work of Russell is quite distinctive.

Its most striking feature is the subject it addresses: philosophy is not an independent reflection of an individual of excellence, but an integral part of socio-political life, "the product and cause of various social personalities", and that "the circumstances in which people live play a great role in determining their philosophy, and in turn their philosophy plays a large role in determining their circumstances". The author sees philosophers as both effects and causes, and considers them to be the result of the social environment and political system of their time, and may also be the cause of the belief in the political system of later times.

For this reason, when discussing philosophical schools and philosophers, the book often does not look at their academic status, but rather decides to make detailed trade-offs according to their influence on the development of Western philosophy. In addition, Russell advocated the insertion of some purely social history passages into the history of philosophy, without which it would be difficult to understand the philosophical currents of a particular period, and thus the book does more to describe general history than similar works. It is worth mentioning that although the first and second volumes of this book are about 800,000 words, the author is very knowledgeable and has won the Nobel Prize in Literature, so the Chinese characters in the book are beautiful and fluent, and the annotations are widely cited, and there is no sense of dullness and obscurity to read.

The author won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 for "Philosophy, Mathematics, and Literature". "The History of Western Philosophy" is his award-winning masterpiece.

Hope mine can help you! Thank you!

I still like to read Tilly's History of Western Philosophy, Supplemental and Revised Edition, The Commercial Press, 1995.

Russell's History of Western Philosophy is also known as The Wisdom of the West

Thales, Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Archimedes, Epicurus, and others. St. Thomas Aquinas. Descartes. Locke, Kant, Hume, Voltaire, Rousseau, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Marx.

There are too many books

When it comes to philosophers, they must be divided into, idealism and materialism....Therefore, there are Western idealistic philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, Kant, Schopenhauer, Hegel, Nietzsche, Leibniz, etc., and materialist philosophers such as Marx, Engels, Feuerbach, Bacon, etc.

Rousseau, author of the Confessions.

Immanuel Kant, General History of Nature and Celestial Theory.

Nietzsche, Thus Said Zarathustra

Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Appearance

Bentham, "On Fragments", Principles of Morality and Legislation

Bacon Moore, Utopia.

Summary. Hello! I know something about Feng Youlan in "The History of Chinese Philosophy".

History of Chinese Philosophy, published by the Commercial Press in 2001, is the first history of Chinese philosophy of modern significance written by Feng Youlan, which laid the basic framework of the discipline of the history of modern Chinese philosophy, and is still the basic textbook used by many universities around the world, and is the most influential masterpiece of the history of philosophy in modern China. Mr. Feng claimed that in terms of content, there are two points in this book that have not been published by the ancestors, and they cannot be changed later: one is to divide the pre-Qin masters into two schools: the contract difference and the separation from the Jianbai faction, and the other is to distinguish the difference between the two Cheng thoughts.

In fact, as Professor Chen Lai said, many views and formulations in the book, such as Confucius's nominalism, Mozi's utilitarianism, Mencius's idealism, Lao Zhuang's Chu spirit, the three schools of Legalism, Wang Chong's naturalism, the materialism of the Treatise on Heng, the similarities and differences between Cheng and Zhu, the similarities and differences between Zhu and Wang, and the subjective idealism and objective idealism of Buddhism, are also original.

2 Which philosopher, Chinese or Western, have you read or know anything about their philosophical thoughts?

Hello! I know something about Feng Youlan in "The History of Chinese Philosophy". History of Chinese Philosophy, published by the Commercial Press in 2001, is the first history of Chinese philosophy of modern significance written by Feng Youlan, which laid the basic framework of the discipline of the history of modern Chinese philosophy, and is still the basic textbook used by many universities around the world, and is the most influential masterpiece of the history of philosophy in modern China.

Mr. Feng claimed that in terms of content, there are two points in this book that have not been published by the ancestors, and they cannot be changed later: one is to divide the pre-Qin masters into two schools: the contract difference and the separation from the Jianbai faction, and the other is to distinguish the difference between the two Cheng thoughts. In fact, as Professor Chen Lai said, many views and formulations in the book, such as Confucius's nominalism, Mozi's utilitarianism, Mencius's idealism, Lao Zhuang's Chu spirit, the three schools of Legalism, Wang Chong's naturalism, the materialism of the Treatise on Heng, the similarities and differences between Cheng and Zhu, the similarities and differences between Zhu and Wang, and the subjective idealism and objective idealism of Buddhism, are also original.

A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy tells the history of the development of Chinese philosophy in 200,000 words, opens up the relevant knowledge of ancient and modern China and foreign countries, and integrates Feng Youlan's understanding of Chinese philosophy in a limited space. Because it was originally a handout, its language was extremely fluent; Because it is translated from English, its text is extremely suitable for contemporary reading. It has been translated into many translations around the world and has been a common textbook for Chinese philosophy in many universities, as well as a primer for understanding Chinese culture.

It is of great significance to today's readers, and it is a cultural classic that can influence a lifetime.

Feng Youlan's life's work can be summarized as "three histories to interpret the present and the ancient, and six books to the era of Zhenyuan". He became one of the philosophers who was able to establish a philosophical system in modern China with his works such as "History of Chinese Philosophy", "A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy", "A Short History of Chinese Philosophy", "A New History of Chinese Philosophy" and "Six Books of Zhenyuan". He is an outstanding scholar who has made important contributions to the history of Chinese academic thought, and he is also one of the most influential thinkers.