Why to take potassium iodide before surgery for hyperthyroidism

This question is very good and meaningful with iodine, and after 2 to 3 weeks, the symptoms of hyperthyroidism are basically controlled: stable mood, good sleep, weight gain, pulse rate < 90 beats, basal metabolic rate < +20%. Surgery can be performed.

A small number of patients can continue to take iodine and add thiouracil until the symptoms are basically controlled, and after stopping thiouracil, continue to take iodine alone for 1 2 weeks before surgery.

The commonly used iodine agent is compound potassium iodide solution, 3 times a day: 3 drops each time on the first day, 4 drops each time on the second day, and then one drop each time each day to 16 drops each time to maintain.

Compound iodine oral solution is a drug prepared before surgery, the principle is that a large amount of iodine intake will inhibit the production of thyroid hormone, is a negative feedback principle, can reduce thyroid congestion, are conducive to surgery, so used for preoperative preparation (and hyperthyroid crisis) rather than for routine **.

Hyperthyroidism itself requires a reduction in iodine intake. So you shouldn't be talking about potassium iodide for surgery. There is a very good method in surgery, which is to ingest iodine isotopes (with a certain amount of radioactivity), and after entering the human body, iodine is taken up by the thyroid gland, and these radioactive isotopes iodine will decay in the thyroid gland and release rays to destroy part of the thyroid tissue cells, thereby reducing hyperthyroidism.

It has a high rate of ** and does not cause damage to other organs in the body (only limited to the thyroid gland), but if the hyperthyroidism still does not get better, surgery is required**.

First of all, compound iodine oral solution is a drug prepared before hyperthyroidism surgery, its principle is that a large amount of iodine intake will inhibit the production of thyroid hormone, which is a negative feedback principle, and can reduce thyroid congestion, which is conducive to surgery, so compound iodine oral solution can only be used for preoperative preparation (and hyperthyroid crisis) and not for routine **. Regarding whether to take ** hyperthyroidism medicine in the two weeks before hyperthyroidism surgery, it depends on the specific situation of the patient, so you should follow the doctor's advice.

People who don't have hyperthyroidism, why do doctors prescribe potassium chloride after surgery?

During the operation, if a large amount of fluid is lost, potassium ions may be lost, in which case appropriate potassium replacement is required to prevent hypokalemia. In addition, patients may need to fast for a long time after surgery, so the trace elements required by the body cannot be supplemented through diet, so appropriate potassium supplementation is also required to prevent hypokalemia. After surgery, patients should have their blood biochemistry checked in time to understand the patient's electrolyte level and give potassium supplementation according to the degree of hypokalemia.

Patients who are fasting need to supplement 4-8g of potassium per day, and the drip rate should not be too fast and the concentration should not be too high.

After a period of antithyroid drugs** before surgery, the symptoms of hyperthyroidism are relieved and the serum T3 and T4 levels return to normal.

1) Patients with mild and moderate hyperfunction should take compound iodine solution as follows.

On the first day, 5 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the second day, 6 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the third day, 7 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the fourth day, 8 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the fifth day, 9 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the sixth day, 10 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the seventh day, 11 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the eighth day, 12 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the ninth day, 13 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the 10th day, 14 drops each time, 3 times a day; On the 11th day, take 15 drops 3 times daily.

After that, the number of drops will not be increased, and it will still be maintained 3 times a day until the day of surgery, and the total number of days of iodine will not exceed two weeks.

2) Patients with severe hyperthyroidism, if the symptoms are not alleviated with iodine, thiouracil drugs can be taken, and the preparation time is generally not less than two months. Commonly used are: propylthiouracil or methiocalacil, 2 3 times a day, 100 200mg each time, after taking it for 2 3 weeks, if the condition improves, the basal metabolic rate is reduced, the dosage can be reduced, changed to 100mg 3 times a day; methimazole is 10 mg 3 times a day, and changed to 5 mg 2 3 times a day after symptoms are reduced.

Iodine is added 2 to 3 weeks before surgery, and thiouracil is discontinued after one week of overlapping. Iodine should not be taken for too long, so it is necessary to wait until the symptoms of thiouracil have basically improved and the basal metabolic rate has dropped to near normal.

It should also be noted that those who are preparing with thiouracil should have their leukocytes checked 1 2 times a week.

How to prepare for hyperthyroidismPatients with hyperthyroidism heart disease should use thiouracil drugs for preoperative preparation.

After 2 months of medication, if the cardiac condition does not improve significantly, you can continue to take it, and if you have heart failure, you should use digitalis drugs with caution according to the heart failure routine**.

After proper preoperative preparation, the heart rate dropped to less than 100 beats per minute, and it was relatively stable and did not fluctuate much; Basal metabolic rate drops below +15%; weight gain, emotional stability, palpitations, shortness of breath, sweating and heat intolerance and other symptoms disappear or improve significantly; When the thyroid gland becomes smaller, hardens, tremors disappear, and murmurs disappear or are significantly reduced, iodine is ready for surgery.

Suggestions: 1. Eat small meals and eat often, and do not overeat. Avoid spicy, tobacco and alcohol.

2. Replenish sufficient water, drink about 2500ml of water every day, and avoid stimulant drinks such as coffee and strong tea.

3. Properly control high-fiber foods, especially diarrhea.

4. Pay attention to the reasonable combination of nutrients.

5. Avoid eating foods high in iodine such as kelp, marine fish, and sea stingers. Since iodine is highly volatile in the air or when heated, iodized salt can be used by simply placing it in the air or heating it slightly.

6. Eat foods rich in potassium and calcium.

7. Appropriate control of diet after the condition is alleviated.

Suggestions:

Before hyperthyroidism surgery, taking a large dose of iodine can inhibit the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of the thyroid gland, making the gland shrink and toughen, and reducing blood vessels, which is conducive to surgery and reduces bleeding.

Problem Analysis: Hello! The patient's diet should be taken into account in the following aspects:

The daily calorie intake is at least 2,400 kcal for men and 2,000 kcal for women. Eat more high-protein foods, young patients also need to eat more fatty foods, eat more vitamin-rich fruits and vegetables, and eat less spicy foods, such as chili peppers, green onions, ginger, garlic and other travel skills.

Suggestions: Guidance: Eat less iodine-containing foods, such as kelp, shrimp, marine fish, etc. Try not to smoke, not to drink, to drink less strong tea, coffee, patients pay special attention to psychological, emotional and spiritual life level self-regulation.