What are the fire hazards? What is the meaning of fire hazards

Non-standard placement of flammable materials, aging or overload of lines, smoking, littering cigarette butts, use of inferior electrical appliances, unauthorized use of kerosene stoves, liquefied gas stoves, alcohol stoves and other appliances that may cause disasters.

1. Understand and familiarize yourself with the environment. When you walk into shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, dance halls and other public places, you should pay attention to the location of the Taiping Gate, safety exits, and fire extinguishers, so that you can evacuate and extinguish the fire in time in case of accidents.

2. Evacuate quickly. As soon as you hear a fire alarm or realize that you are surrounded by fire, immediately think about evacuation.

3. Evacuate from the passage. Such as evacuation stairs, fire elevators, outdoor evacuation stairs, etc. You can also consider using windows, balconies, roofs, lightning cables, downspouts, etc. to escape.

4. It is to use signs to guide escape. On the walls, ceilings, doors, and turns of public places, signs such as "Taiping Gate", "Emergency Exit", "Safe Passage", "Fire Alarm **" and escape direction arrows are set up, and the trapped people can escape in the order of the direction indicated by the signs, which can solve the "urgent need".

5. Use the rope to glide. Use a strong rope or tear curtains, bed sheets, bedding, etc. into strips, twist them into ropes, wet them with water, and tie them to firm heating pipes, window frames, and bed frames, and the trapped people slide down the rope one by one to the next floor or the ground.

6. Protect the respiratory system. When escaping, you can use towels or napkins, masks, clothes, etc. to cover your mouth and nose tightly, otherwise there will be a risk of poisoning and suffocation of the soft tissues of the respiratory system burned by hot air.

7. With the help of equipment. Usually used are descent retractors, rescue bags, nets, air cushions, soft ladders, sliding rods, slide tables, guide ropes, lifesaving gangways, etc.

8. It is a low-rise jump-off and is suitable for two-story buildings. Before jumping, throw some soft items such as quilts, pillows, mattresses, coats, etc. to the ground for a "soft landing", and then grab the window with your hands, and your body will droop and slide naturally to shorten the jump height and quickly escape from the fire.

9. Temporary refuge. If the fire is very large, if there is no way to escape, you can take a temporary evacuation using a restroom. When evacuating, spray the doors and windows of the fire with water, and wet all combustibles in the room to prolong the time.

During the temporary evacuation period, it is necessary to take the initiative to contact the outside world so that you can be rescued as soon as possible.

10. It is necessary to advocate the benefit of others and oneself. When encountering behaviors that disregard the lives of others and the phenomenon of crowding people in front of them and crowding them out, we must resolutely put a stop to them. Only an orderly and rapid evacuation can minimize the escape**.

What it means: A variety of potentially unsafe factors that may lead to the occurrence of a fire or an increase in fire hazards.

Fire is a disaster caused by uncontrolled burning in time or space. In the new standard, fire is defined as uncontrolled combustion in time or space.

Among all kinds of disasters, fire is one of the main disasters that most frequently and universally threatens public safety and social development.

Common fire hazards

The safe evacuation route is occupied and blocked.

The safety exit is locked.

Escape doors and windows are blocked.

Fire-fighting facilities and equipment are damaged or cannot be used normally.

Illegal use of open flames.

Privately pull the wires.

Fire escapes are occupied, blocked.

Common sources of ignition

The source of fire is the source of fire, and it is also the direct cause of burning and **. Therefore, to prevent fires, 10 types of fire sources should be controlled, specifically:

The various open flames that people light every day are the most common fire sources, and they must be controlled when they are used.

The electrical equipment used in enterprises and all walks of life can burn combustible gases and combustible substances due to overload operation, short circuit, poor contact, lightning strikes and electrostatic sparks in nature, and must be safe and protected in use.

Dry firewood, wood, wood near the stove or flue, combustible dust and fibers that accumulate on the high-temperature steam pipes; Paper, clothing, etc., next to high-power light bulbs, will cause burning if they are baked for too long.

In the process of refining and baking, due to poor temperature control or automatic control failure, it will catch fire and even cause disaster.

Stir-fried food or other substances that accumulate without heat dissipation, or are packed in bags, will also accumulate heat**, and attention must be paid to heat dissipation.

The heat treatment workpieces of the enterprise are stacked on the ground with oil stains, or stacked next to flammable products (such as wood), which are easy to cause disasters and should be stacked in a safe place.

Under the condition that there is neither open flame nor heat source, lignite, wet straw, wheat straw, cotton, rapeseed, soybean cake and cotton yarn, gloves, clothes, wood chips, metal scraps, polishing dust and oilcloth that has been wiped with the equipment are accumulated together for too long, and they will also heat up, and when the conditions are met, they may cause spontaneous combustion, which should be treated frequently.

When substances of different properties meet, they can sometimes cause spontaneous combustion. If the oil comes into contact with oxygen, a strong chemical reaction will occur, causing combustion.

Friction and impact. For example, the impact of iron and cement will lead to flowers, and flammable materials can cause disasters.

Insulation compression, chemical thermal reaction, can cause a rise in temperature, so that combustibles are added to the ignition point.

Fire potential, is a firefighting word.

Interpretation: All kinds of potential unsafe factors that may lead to the occurrence of fire or the increase of fire hazards.

Types of fire hazards:The use of a large number of flammable materials in the decoration of the house; Illegal use of various electrical appliances, including unreasonable use of mobile phones, excessive standby time of electrical appliances, too close to combustible gas lamps, failure to turn off the power on time, etc.; Careless use of fire in life, failure to extinguish small fire sources in time; Matches are placed within reach of children, and there is a lack of fire prevention education for children; Improper handling of small ignition sources; Children play with fires or set off firecrackers; Unauthorized construction with flammable materials; Heavy anti-theft and light fire prevention; Lack of common sense of fire safety and so on.

Fire hazard refers to the potential possibility of direct disaster accidents, or when a fire occurs, it can increase the hazard to personnel and property, or it is all unsafe factors that affect the evacuation of personnel and affect fire fighting and rescue.

In the broad field of fire safety, the concept of fire hazard should be understood as all kinds of potential unsafe factors that may lead to fire or increase fire hazards, including human cognitive limitations, human unsafe behaviors, management deficiencies and unsafe state of things.

Potential factors that lead to fires.

Don't don't smoke at home. Don't throw all the matches and flue-cured tobacco into the ground, don't throw the matches, and throw the flue-cured tobacco into the waste paper building, otherwise there will really be a fire at home.

Fire hazards: Potential unsafe factors that may lead to a fire or an increase in fire hazards.

Behaviors that induce fire hazards:

1. Poor safety evacuation of residential buildings. In daily life, some community residents often pile up their dilapidated furniture and cardboard boxes in their homes on stairwells and passages, and even build storage rooms on the passages, which seriously occupy the evacuation ladders.

2. Residents' awareness of fire safety is weak. People's understanding of fire protection is only through sporadic contact in daily life and safety training in the unit. The author also randomly asked a number of people, and found that most of them understood the hazards of fire, but they were lucky, and most of them thought that they usually paid attention to safety and would not have a fire.

3. The fire-fighting facilities and equipment are seriously damaged. Due to the small scale and early development of some communities, residential buildings, especially unit houses with less than seven floors, tower houses with less than six floors, and corridor houses, do not have any indoor fire-fighting facilities and equipment at all.

4. Fire management is relatively lagging behind. Communities in some cities in Fujian Province have carried out fire protection work, but most communities have only made a formality in carrying out fire protection education and publicity, pasted some slogans and posters, and achieved little success.