In addition to Confucianism, what other schools were there in ancient times, and what were the repre

This question is not good, the scope of antiquity is large, from the Spring and Autumn Period to the present there are nine main schools.

1 Confucianism. 2 Taoism.

3 Mojia. 4 Legalists.

5 soldiers. 6 homes.

7 Buddhism. 8 Taoism.

9 Science. Before Qin, it was mainly 12345

Qin Legalist. Han Confucianism Huang Lao's technique.

After the Han Dynasty, the Mo family basically disappeared, and the so-called Mo family in the future was mostly Confucian children who read a few Mo classics, and you must know that the Mo family was the target of the first crackdown.

By the Tang Dynasty, Taoism flourished.

In order to fight Li Tang, Wu Zetian worshiped Buddha and suppressed Taoism.

In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, it was mainly a Buddhist and Taoist struggle.

interrelated; Confucius studied under Lao Tzu and proved Confucianism, Han Fei studied from Xunzi to talk about the law, Taoism came from Taoism, and the five mottos of self-cultivation: keep a good heart, say good things, read good books, learn good examples, and do good deeds; Buddhism and Confucianism were integrated in the Wu Zetian era, the people-oriented thought of the Mo family, and the science came from Confucianism, and what Wang Yangming's unity of heaven and man, anyway, other small schools are either from these or have several kinds of them.

Zhuzi: refers to Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, etc.; Hundred schools: refers to Confucianism, Taoism, Moism, Legalism and other schools.

Later general terms for the pre-Qin academic schools of thought The main figures are Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Xunzi, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Liezi, Han Feizi, Shang Ying, Shen Buxian, Xu Xing, Gaozi, Yang Zi, Gongsun Longzi, Huizi, Sun Wu, Sun Bin, Zhang Yi, Su Qin, Tian Piao, Shenzi, Yin Wen, Zou Yan, Yan Zi, Lü Buwei, Guan Zi, etc.

There are also common ones: Legalism and Taoism. These two factions are relatively famous!

Taoism, Moism, Legalism, and soldiers.

Famous Taoist teachings.

The representatives of Confucianism include Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Dong Zhongshu, Cheng Yi, Zhu Xi, Lu Jiuyuan, Wang Shouren, etc. Confucianism is one of the schools with the most extensive and far-reaching influence on later generations among the sons of the pre-Qin Dynasty, which was initiated by Confucius in the late Spring and Autumn Period and respected by Confucian scholars throughout the ages.

Confucius's remarks were compiled into the Analects by the disciples, which is the main basis for the study of Confucius's thought. Confucianism is centered on "benevolence", advocating "ancestral Shu Yao Shun, charter civil and military", advocating "etiquette and music", "benevolence and righteousness", and advocating "loyalty and forgiveness" and impartiality "moderation". Politically, he advocates the practice of "benevolent government" and "rule by virtue" and attaches importance to ethical and moral education.

The representatives of Confucianism mainly include Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Zhu Xi and Wang Shouren.

1.Confucius, who is also the founder of Confucianism, is a native of Lu Guoyi (now Qufu City, Shandong Province) during the Spring and Autumn Period. Great thinker, politician and educator in ancient China, "Dacheng Most Holy Teacher".

Confucius put forward "benevolence", and at the same time advocated "etiquette", benevolence is a moral code, etiquette is a social order, in that era when etiquette and music collapsed, Confucius's "benevolence" and "etiquette" have not been well developed.

2.Mencius, Ji's surname Meng, his name Ke, was a native of Zou State (now Zoucheng, Shandong) during the Warring States Period. He was a famous philosopher, thinker, politician, and educator during the Warring States Period, and one of the representatives of Confucianism.

Mencius gave full play to Confucius's idea of "rule by virtue", advocated the doctrine of "benevolent government", and put forward the people-oriented thought of "the people are noble and the monarch is light" and the theory of goodness.

Etiquette and righteousness.

Etiquette is one of the main political propositions of Confucianism. Confucius was the first to advocate it, and then Xunzi's exposition of etiquette was the most distinctive. As the Confucian political thought advocated by the Confucian school of etiquette, it is essentially a hierarchical principle that emphasizes the order of respect and inferiority, and the core Confucian school of etiquette.

The heart is to use hierarchical norms to adjust social and political relations and restrain people's behavior.

Benevolence, benevolence. Confucianism attaches great importance to the role of ethics and morality in politics, and they theoretically expound the political significance and political function of loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, and righteousness. Confucius regarded benevolence as the highest virtue, and based on this, he formed the ideal politics of "benevolent government".

Regarding the connotation of benevolence, Confucius believed that there are two main layers, one is self-denial and retribution; The second is that benevolent people love others. Self-denial to oneself and love one's others to the outside world, and ultimately to meet the requirements of propriety in thought and behavior, this is what Confucius called benevolence. Benevolence is a virtue that can cultivate people into humble gentlemen, but it is also easy to make people content with the status quo and not want to make progress.

Mencius inherited the idea of Confucius's benevolence, and developed it on the basis of the theory of goodness, and applied it to politics, putting forward the idea of benevolence. There are four main elements of benevolent government. First, the people should be controlled to produce constantly.

Second, there is customization of taxation and forced labor. Third, light punishment. Fourth, protect industry and commerce.

Rule by virtue and indoctrination. Confucianism advocates the rule of virtue and the education of the people. The requirement of rule by virtue is first and foremost directed at the ruler, who, in Confucius's view, must reach a certain degree of moral cultivation in order to achieve effective rule.

Mencius also believed that the moral practice of the ruler himself was a prerequisite for the practice of ideal politics. Regarding education, Confucius had a set of policies called "Shu, Fu, and Teach".It is to ask the ruler to be light and politically relaxed in order to attract the people.

Only when the population under the rule is larger, can the national strength be stronger. When there are more people, it is necessary to make the people's lives richer, and when the people live well, the state's tax revenue will naturally increase. Then, it is necessary to educate the people, so that the Taoist society that Confucius longed for is reached.

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I'm glad to answer for you, what are the characteristics of Confucianism:1Valuing benevolence:

Confucianism believes that benevolence is the highest state that human beings should aspire to. Charity refers to the understanding of human nature and concern for human feelings and needs, through which social harmony and peace can be achieved. 2.

Respect for ethics: They emphasize that one should make informed decisions as soon as possible, as this reduces the negative impact on others. Confucianism believes that a good leader needs to make the right and informed decisions so that he can gain widespread support and bring harmony to society.

3.Attaching importance to people's self-realization: Confucianism advocates people's self-realization, emphasizing that people should be their best selves and realize their personal and life values.

They believe that personal growth and development are important in order to lay the foundation for social harmony, prosperity and stability.

What are the characteristics of Confucianism.

I am very happy to answer <> questions for you, what are the characteristics of Confucianism: 1Valuing benevolence:

Confucianism believes that benevolence is the highest state that human beings should aspire to. Charity refers to the understanding of human nature and concern for human feelings and needs, through which social harmony and peace prevail. 2.

Respect for ethics: They emphasize that one should make informed decisions as soon as possible, as this reduces the negative impact on others. Confucianism believes that a good leader needs to make the right and informed decisions so that he can gain widespread support and bring harmony to society.

3.Attaching importance to people's self-realization: Confucianism advocates people's self-realization, emphasizing that people should be the best version of themselves and realize their personal value and life value.

They believe that personal growth and development are important in order to lay the foundation for social harmony, prosperity and stability.

Pro-<> 4Pay attention to education and training: The Confucian school of thought advocates the tradition of filial piety and pays attention to education and training.

They believe that education is the key to cultivating talents, and the purpose of education is to explore the inner potential of human beings. For Confucianism, learning is a continuous way of life that requires constant efforts to strive for progress. 5.

Advocating etiquette: Confucianism values etiquette and believes that everything in life needs to be followed by norms and etiquette. In this way, they believed, the bond between the individual and society could be strengthened, and people could come together on the basis of common values to maintain social order.