The main clinical features of Parkinson s disease

The main clinical features of Parkinson's disease involve impairment of motor function, which usually includes the following:

Resting tremor: Tremor is one of the typical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Resting tremor usually presents with slight tremors of the limbs at rest, especially at rest, that lessen or disappear with activity.

Muscle rigidity: People with Parkinson's disease experience resistant muscle stiffness, making it slow and difficult to move the limbs. This muscle stiffness can also lead to muscle pain and discomfort.

Bradykinesia: Slow movement is another major symptom of Parkinson's disease, where people become slow and not fluid and need more time to complete their daily activities.

Postural instability and balance problems: People with Parkinson's disease may have balance problems and are prone to falling while walking or standing. Postural instability can lead to curvature, abnormal gait, and difficulty walking.

In addition, Parkinson's disease may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as:

Hypomimia: The patient's facial expression may become expressionless, dull, or expressionless.

Speech impairment: Speech may become slurred, the volume may decrease, and the speed of speech may be slowed, resulting in speech fluency.

Handwriting difficulties (micrographia): The patient's handwriting may become small and sloppy.

The clinical features of Parkinson's disease are mainly caused by the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the brain, resulting in a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. These symptoms usually develop gradually, manifesting themselves in varying degrees and sequences from patient to patient. If you or someone you know is experiencing similar symptoms, it is advisable to consult a doctor as soon as possible for a professional diagnosis and**.

Early diagnosis and intervention can help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.

Typical symptoms of early Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, and rigidity. Slowness of movement is manifested as difficulty and slowness at the beginning of activity, such as walking and not being able to move on the feet; Resting tremor often starts on one side of the hand and spreads to the entire upper limbs, lower limbs, and face, and is mostly asymmetrical. Many patients, like Uncle Wang, have fingers that tremble like "counting money" or "rubbing pills" when they are at rest, and the symptoms disappear when the fingers move freely; Muscle rigidity refers to the stiffness of the patient's muscles, which, if present, appear on the face, with a stiff expression, few blinks, commonly known as a "mask face", and a feeling of heaviness or lack of strength when moving the limbs.

Hyposmia is also typical of the early stages of Parkinson's disease, and occurs 3 to 7 years before the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, and more than 90% of patients with Parkinson's disease have hyposmia. Therefore, the "Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson's Disease" released by the International Movement Disorder Association this year lists anosmia as one of the supporting criteria for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. If older people find that they have a hyposmia and also have bradykinesia, resting tremor, or muscle rigidity, they should seek medical attention at the Parkinson's disease clinic of their local hospital as soon as possible to make a clear diagnosis at an early stage of the disease.

There are many clinical manifestations of Parkinson's, at this time it should be understood according to the patient's symptoms, and it is more conducive to determine the severity of Parkinson's disease through the manifestation of the disease, although this is a common condition in middle-aged and elderly people, but it is a very important process for effectively improving Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's can be divided into two different diseases, one is the motor type, the other is the non-motor type, these two types can judge the condition clearly, especially the understanding of Parkinson's clinical symptoms, only a clear understanding of the disease, is the key process to improve the condition, next, we will understand what four manifestations of Parkinson's disease.

Clause. 1. Parkinson's disease develops slowly, the early symptoms are not obvious, but there are certain individual differences, and it can be inferred through a simple method whether the disease is related to the body, especially tremor or other manifestations can be used as a way to understand Parkinson's. Therefore, patients should have a preliminary understanding of Parkinson's disease.

Clause. 2. The typical symptoms of Parkinson's disease include muscle tonic fibrillation or bradykinesia, which are characteristic of most patients. The most important thing is that after the occurrence of Parkinson's disease, the problems that need to be paid attention to should be understood by the actual situation of the patient.

Clause. 3. The performance of Parkinson's disease is mainly based on the patient's physical condition, Parkinson's disease will cause the patient to have hand tremors or memory loss, which is a physical and behavioral characteristic, and there are other conditions that need to be paid attention to, such as when the patient has slow movement, the exercise ability will be affected during standing and walking.

Clause. 4. Parkinson's patients will have abnormal posture and gait, in addition to the basic manifestations of Parkinson's, these symptoms can be used as a way to judge the disease, especially the symptoms and the manifestations of the limbs need to be paid attention to the most, and the patient's facial expression is reduced, which can be used as a way to determine the disease.

There are many clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease, and the onset of Parkinson's disease can threaten people's lives and health. Therefore, since the disease has occurred, it should be dealt with according to the actual situation of the disease, do not think that the disease is not serious, there is no need to pay attention to the disease, its severity needs to be understood by the patient's situation, in order to determine the problem caused by Parkinson's, and the patient should use reasonable methods to deal with the disease.

The clinical features of Parkinson's disease are divided into four main points:

1. Resting tremor: commonly referred to as hand tremor or shaking of a certain limb. Jitter has a characteristic, that is, the upper limbs are heavier, the lower limbs are lighter, and there is jitter in a resting state.

Jitter can be reduced or temporarily stopped during voluntary movements. The shaking is very noticeable during times of emotional excitement, and the shaking stops during sleep;

2. Slow or reduced movements: the main manifestation of the patient is a lack of expression, and the blinking is less than before, which is commonly known as the mask face;

3. Increased muscle tone of the limbs: manifested as the rigidity of the muscles of the limbs;

4. Unstable posture and abnormal gait: patients with Parkinson's disease often show difficulty in starting when walking, but after taking a step, they rush forward with a very small pace, and they walk faster and faster, and it is difficult to stop or turn, which is called panic gait.

These are the four clinical features of Parkinson's disease.

1 Resting tremor

The tremor of T PD is present or pronounced at rest, lessens or stops with voluntary movements, and the tremor frequency is 4 6 Hz, which is more common in the limbs, starting from one upper limb on one side of the limb, and gradually extending to the lower limbs on the same side and the upper and lower limbs on the opposite side as the disease progresses, and finally to the jaw, lips, tongue, head, and even the trunk. Tremor is often the first symptom of PD, but some older patients may not present with tremor at all times, mainly due to muscle rigidity and bradykinesia.

2. Rigidity

Due to the increased tension of the muscles, when the limbs are passively moved, the muscle tension is always the same, no matter what angle the limbs are stretched or flexed, they feel a uniform resistance, just like the feeling when stretching and flexing a soft lead tube, so it is called "lead tube-like rigidity". If the patient is accompanied by tremor in combination with muscle rigidity, the extended-flexor limb will show intermittent pauses in uniform resistance, as if the gears were turning slowly, which is called "cogwheel rigidity." Due to muscle rigidity, patients always feel muscle stiffness and exert effort, heaviness, and weakness during movement.

3 Bradykinesia

Patients have reduced voluntary movements, difficulty initiating various activities, and slow movements, especially those such as starting, turning, and turning. In the early stage of the disease, the patient's upper limbs are unable to do fine work, which is mainly manifested as crooked and irregular handwriting, and the characters become smaller and smaller the more they are written, which is called "writing too little syndrome". As the condition worsens, it is difficult for the patient to take care of himself in daily life, it is difficult to stand up when sitting down, he cannot turn over on his own after lying in bed, and it is difficult to complete actions such as dressing, washing his face, and brushing his teeth.

When walking, the first step is difficult to start, but once the step is completed, it rushes forward with a very small pace, and the pace and frequency are getting faster and faster, and they cannot stop or turn independently, as if they are in a hurry to hurry, which is called "panic gait". Due to the impaired movement of facial muscles, a "mask face" is formed, the face is expressionless, does not blink, and the eyes stare forward, and when the mouth, tongue, palate, and pharyngeal muscles are impaired, it shows a lot of salivation.

It is especially difficult for patients to complete repetitive and coordinated movements, but sometimes in a state of emotional stress, rapid movements called "paradoxical movements" can occur.

The symptoms of Parkinson's disease vary from person to person, the most prominent symptoms are resting tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity, and postural balance disorders in patients with intermediate and advanced stages, and some non-motor symptoms, including constipation, before and after the onset of the disease.

Olfactory disorders, sleep disturbances, autonomic nerve Jinghui dysfunction and mental and cognitive impairments.

The main clinical features of Parkinson's disease include the following four aspects, also known as the "four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease":

Muscle rigidity: The patient's muscles become stiff, resulting in reduced range of motion and less fluid movement. This muscle stiffness is often referred to as the "back horse" phenomenon because the patient's muscles create a bumpy sensation similar to that of an old horse-drawn carriage when they move.

Resting tremor: People with Parkinson's disease often experience resting tremor, which is an involuntary hand tremor that occurs at rest, usually represented by "millimeter" movements, which are small, rapid tremors of the fingertips.

Bradykinesia: Slowing down movement is another major feature of Parkinson's disease, and patients feel that their movements are not fast and fluent enough, and daily activities such as walking and dressing are affected.

Postural instability: Patients become unstable when standing and walking, and tend to lose their balance with rough composure, increasing the risk of falls.

In addition, people with Parkinson's disease may also present with other symptoms such as lack of facial expression, monotonous voice, abnormal walking gait (usually small and brisk steps), difficulty swallowing, decreased cognitive function, etc. These symptoms can worsen as the disease progresses, so early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment is important. Methods usually include medications, physics, training, and sometimes surgical intervention.

The symptoms of Parkinson's disease can vary from individual to individual, so the diagnosis and diagnosis need to be done by a medical professional.

Parkinson's disease (Parkinson'S disease) is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder whose clinical features are primarily related to motor dysfunction. The following are the main clinical features of Parkinson's disease:

Tremor: People with Parkinson's disease often present with persistent, resting tremors at rest, usually starting in the hands but also affecting other limb parts.

Muscle rigidity: The patient's muscles become resistant to stiffness, making it difficult and slow to move the limbs.

Postural instability: People with Parkinson's disease may have impaired balance, unstable posture, and fall easily.

These are the main clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease, but patients may also present with other symptoms such as:

Hypomimia: The patient's facial expression becomes less expressive and appears to be less emotional.

Speech impairment: People may become slurred, speak quietly, and speak at a slower rate.

Handwriting difficulties (micrographia): The patient's handwriting may become small and sloppy.

Autonomic dysfunction: Autonomic dysfunction such as constipation, frequent urination, and excessive salivation may occur.

The symptoms of Parkinson's disease are progressively worse and are usually due to the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the brain, resulting in a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. The exact cause of this disease is not fully understood, but it may be related to genetics, environmental factors, and problems with the metabolism of nerve cells.

If you or someone close to you is experiencing similar symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor as soon as possible for a professional diagnosis and**. Parkinson's disease usually includes medications, physics, training, and in some cases, surgical intervention.