Comparison of similarities and differences between Roosevelt s New Deal and the Soviet New Economic

Both the Soviet Union's New Economic Policy and Roosevelt's New Deal reflected one problem: the relations of production.

Be adaptable to productivity. If the relations of production do not compound the development of the productive forces, it will lead to a decline in the productive forces. Although the wartime communist policy implemented by the Soviet Union had a certain positive effect, it seriously violated the level of development of the productive forces of Soviet society, resulting in economic recession and aggravation of social contradictions.

The subsequent introduction of the New Economic Policy recognized the privately-owned economy to a certain extent and abolished the surplus grain collection system. It has promoted economic recovery and development, and also eased social contradictions. Roosevelt's New Deal was in the midst of the Great Depression.

in the context of the introduction. Capitalism.

There is an inherent contradiction in production: the socialization of production and the means of production.

contradictions between private ownership. This basic contradiction determines that capitalism goes through periodic crises. The immediate cause of the Great Depression in the 30s was: two industrial revolutions.

The enormous productive forces created cannot be digested by society, i.e., the supply is greater than the demand. Previously, the capitalist economy operated entirely by the "invisible hand" and the market itself. Roosevelt's New Deal strengthened the role of the "seeing hand" of state regulation.

The construction of public facilities is used to promote the recovery of social production, that is, the consumption is used to promote the development of production.

The implementation of the NEP in the USSR was aimed at restoring the national economy, establishing the basis of the socialist economy, and consolidating the alliance of workers and peasants; Roosevelt's New Deal was to preserve the order of capitalist rule and alleviate the economic crisis.

Severe damage to the US economy.

The means are different: the former is to reduce state intervention in the economy, and the latter is to intensify state intervention in the economy.

The characteristics are different: the former is to emphasize the market economy under the dominance of the state-run economy, and develop the socialist economy with a variety of economic components at the same time; The latter, on the premise of ensuring a private economy, emphasizes a planned economy and develops capitalism.

Same: The state intervenes in the economy to a certain extent, embodying state monopoly capitalism, which involves agriculture, industry, finance, and other fields.

Different: The New Economic Policy stipulates that peasants are allowed to lease land and wage labor to a limited extent in agriculture, and that important factories and mining enterprises that are involved in the lifeblood of the country's economy in industry will remain state-owned and run by the state. It embodies the nature of socialism.

and reduce state intervention in the economy. Roosevelt's New Deal strengthened total intervention in the economy while seeking to maintain the system of free enterprise. There are also aspects such as social welfare.

The NEP and Roosevelt's New Deal are the same in that they are both facing internal and external troubles, and they were implemented in the face of economic crisis; All of them alleviated the crisis, played an important role in the recovery and development of the economy, and consolidated the regime.

An important element of the NEP is the replacement of the surplus grain collection system with a grain tax. The peasants pay a certain amount of grain tax in accordance with state regulations, and the surplus grain in excess of the tax amount is completely owned by individuals, thus greatly reducing the peasants' burdens. In addition, foreign-funded enterprises are allowed to manage enterprises that the state is temporarily unable to operate, and the role of regulating production is restored to the commodity-money relationship.

This allowed Soviet Russia, in which the small peasant economy was predominant, to find a way to transition to the stage of a socialist economy. It was later phased out with the coming to power of Stalin.

Roosevelt's New Deal refers to a series of economic policies implemented by Franklin Roosevelt in 1933 after he became the United States, the core of which is relief, recovery and reform. The New Deal increased direct or indirect intervention in the economy, alleviating the economic crisis and social contradictions brought about by the Great Depression. Roosevelt's New Deal had a profound impact on the United States and the world at the time.

Not only did it basically overcome the economic crisis of the 30s, but it also caused the general trend of long-term economic growth in the United States after the war. prolongs the life of the American economy. This was the fundamental role of the New Deal, which played the most direct role in getting out of the crisis of the Great Depression.

The most famous of Roosevelt's New Deals was the so-called "fireside chat," which was broadcast nationwide on radio in the form of fireside chat to reassure society. In this series of policies, the federal government has played a positive and important role in solving the economic crisis, reversing the previous norm of "doing nothing". Before the United States studied the Soviet Union, Soviet Russia, the predecessor of the Soviet Union, also studied the Western capitalist economy led by the United States, that is, Lenin's New Economic Policy.

The NEP is to keep the socialist economy unchanged and carry out moderate marketization, which is just the opposite of Roosevelt's New Deal, which kept the capitalist economy unchanged and carried out a moderate planned economy, but it is extremely similar in form.

The NEP is called state capitalism, which is similar to China's new democratic economy, which is an attempt to guide the economy gradually toward socialism through such state capitalist means as unified purchasing and marketing, and public-private partnerships.

Roosevelt's New Deal was a bailout and subsidy policy.

The simple point is that the state intervenes in the operation of the economy, and the difference is that Roosevelt is the first to regulate, and the market is still the main means of regulation; The Soviet Union completely adopted a planned economy, that is, to regulate the distribution of resources and resist the market as a means of allocating resources.

The similarity: both state intervention in the economy and macroeconomic regulation and control, both rely on capital and the market.

Differences: The New Economic Policy of Soviet Russia was under a planned economic system, although private or foreign capital was allowed to operate factories within a certain range, the state still controlled large enterprises and important sectors, and private capital had less rights. Although the market economy has been developed, it is not as developed as the capitalist market economy after all.

The New Economic Policy has made new attempts and opened up a new road for the socialist economy.

Roosevelt's New Deal was a policy to deal with the economic crisis, and its "cash-for-work" policies were all manifestations of state intervention in the economy, which alleviated the basic contradictions of capitalism to a certain extent. It did not change the form of the capitalist market economy. It was the precedent of state capitalism.

However, it cannot resolve the contradiction between the socialization of production and capitalist private appropriation, and therefore cannot fundamentally eradicate the economic crisis.

Similarities: Background: All were implemented in the face of an economic crisis.

The fundamental purpose: to consolidate political power.

The result: all contributed to the recovery and development of the economy and the consolidation of political power.

Differences: Focus: Luo focuses on industry; The new focus is on agriculture.

Methodological characteristics: The new economic policy of Soviet Russia is to develop capitalism within a certain range under the planned economic system, and the state controls the economic lifeline. Roosevelt's New Deal was to strengthen state intervention in the economy while maintaining the capitalist system. It was the precedent of state capitalism.