What are the implications of the Rotterdam Rules for our country?

Although the Rotterdam Rules have something to be affirmed and learned. However, the Rotterdam Rules follow the Hamburg Rules.

The basic legislative concept of the "Rules" has more stringent requirements for carriers, conflicts with today's international shipping practices and universally applicable international maritime laws, is not in harmony with the current international and shipping practices, and is out of touch with the development status of China's international and shipping industry.

The liner capacity owned and controlled by China has been in a pivotal position in the world liner market, and the number of international first-class goods handled by Chinese ports has ranked first in the world, and nearly half of China's exports and most of the imported goods are sent by the other party. Although it appears that the Rotterdam Rules mainly increase and increase the risks and liabilities of carriers and performing parties, and therefore are not conducive to Chinese shipowners; In fact, under the current conditions, China's leading merchants, whether as shippers or consignees, cannot get more benefits and protections from this rule. Therefore, if this rule is implemented, the impact on the risks and liabilities that China's ports and inland transportation and warehousing industries will bear will also be significant.

In other words, the impact of this rule is not limited to China's ocean shipping industry, but also affects China's ports, foreign trade, Chinese mainland transportation enterprises and other related industries connected to international door-to-door transportation.

Due to the development of China's economy and the rapid development of China's import-export**, international liner shipping fleet and foreign trade port group, the rest of the world may benefit more from the Rotterdam Rules than China; China's port and shipping companies, as well as other related inland transport companies, may bear greater risks and liabilities as a result. Even China's importers and exporters are currently struggling to derive more benefits and protections from this rule. Overall, under the current historical conditions, other non-maritime countries, mainly Western countries, that conduct liner shipping with China, are likely to benefit more from the new maritime order proposed by this rule, but that will likely be based on the successful transfer of their original risks to China. In short, we should not overstate the role of the Rotterdam Rules on world shipping, nor should we ignore the impact of the Rotterdam Rules on China.

The Rotterdam Rules will have both positive and negative impacts on China's shipping industry. Whether China ratifies the rules should consider whether the rules can bring the overall economic benefits of the country to China's international shipping and maritime affairs, as well as the attitude of major maritime partners. China's shipping industry should take positive measures to deal with the adverse effects of the rules if they come into effect.

Please refer to Mr. Zhang Yongjian, an expert on maritime law in China, in the article "Don't Look at the Rotterdam Rules as Utopias".

Rotterdam. Rules: Hague Rules, Hague-Visby Rules, Hamburg Rules

The Rotterdam Rules are a modern, harmonized convention for the international carriage of goods that encompasses the international carriage of goods by sea, but is not limited to port-to-port carriages.

In addition to providing legal support for door-to-door carriage of goods, the Convention contains a number of innovative features, such as allowing electronic records of the carriage of goods and other technical means to close loopholes in the system of carriage of goods that are currently being adjudicated, and expanding the scope of the liability of the undercarriage party for loss and damage to the goods. Keep an eye on it.

The signing ceremony of the Rotterdam Rules will be held in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, from 21 to 23 September 2009.

The entry into force of the Rotterdam Rules requires at least 20 Member States to enter into force, and to enter into force one year after the 20th State has deposited its instrument of ratification. Although more than 20 States have signed the Convention, only one State, Spain, has so far deposited its instrument of ratification, so the Rotterdam Rules have not yet entered into force.

Article 94.

Entry into force1This Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year following the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.

2.If a State becomes a Contracting State to this Convention after the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention enters into force for that State on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year after the expiration of the corresponding instrument deposited with that State.

543.If the contract of carriage is concluded on or after the date on which this Convention enters into force for respect to a Contracting State, that Contracting State shall apply this Convention to that Contracting State.

Rotterdam is the second largest city in the Netherlands, located in the western part of the Netherlands, on the banks of the Nieuwemaas River, and has a population of about 1.02 million people, including the suburbs.

Rotterdam is the second largest city in the Netherlands, located in the western part of the Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, on the banks of the Nieuwemaas River, and has a population of about 1.02 million people, including the suburbs. The parts of speech are:

Noun. The phonetic pronunciation is: The pinyin is:

lùtèdān。The structure is: deer (semi-enclosed structure) special (left and right structure) dan (single structure).

What exactly is the explanation of Rotterdam, we will introduce you through the following aspects:

1. Online explanation [click here to view the details of the plan].

Rotterdam is the second largest city in the Netherlands, with a population of 1.02 million, including the suburbs. Located in the Dutch province of South Holland, on the banks of the Nieuwemaas River. Rotterdam's name comes from the small river Rotterdam that flows into the nieuwemaas river in the city center and the Dutch word dam (dam).

Rotterdam has long been the largest seaport in Europe, and in terms of container traffic, it was the world's largest port in the 80s of the 19th century, and in 2010 it was the 10th largest port in the world.

Idioms about Rotterdam.

The deer Qiu is not finished, the maverick deer dies, who is the hand, Guizhang, Teda, Gute, the independent Danqi, the standard branch of the wild deer.

Words about Rotterdam.

Maverick, lonely, independent, seven return to Dan, that is, Lu Wuyu, different army, special start, single special Li, Inter, Mai, to Lu Qiu, incomplete, standard branches, wild deer, Guizhang, Teda.

Sentence formation about Rotterdam.

1. Norway drew 0-0 with the Netherlands in Rotterdam.

2. Researchers from the Medical School of Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, used hair color information from hundreds of Europeans to study genes known to have an impact on hair color.

3. In the Rotterdam Gymnastics World Championships, the Olympic champion Chinese men's team defeated the rival Japanese team and achieved four consecutive championships.

4. Dordrecht, also known as Dodd, is a city in the southwest of the Netherlands, bordering the Meuse River southeast of Rotterdam.

5. Shuttles and commercial trucks carrying passengers regularly travel between the port of Hull and the port of Rotterdam.

In terms of content, the Rotterdam Rules are the sum total of the current international rules for the carriage of goods by sea, which not only involves multimodal transport including maritime transport, seeking a new balance between the rights and obligations of both parties, but also introduces new contents such as electronic transport documents, volume contracts, and the right of control, in addition to the Convention also adds jurisdiction and arbitration content. In terms of the number of articles of the Convention, there are 96 articles in the Convention, and 88 substantive articles are in place, which is nine times that of the Hague Rules and the Hamburg Rules. For this reason, the Convention has been called a "textbook" type of international convention.