The reasons for the defeat of the European workers movement, and the significance of the three majo

There are two main reasons for the failure of the European labour movement:

1.There is a lack of guidance from scientific theories. The guiding ideology of the three major workers' movements is utopian socialist theory, not scientific socialist theory, which makes it impossible for the workers to correctly understand the nature and direction of the workers' movement, and it is impossible to organize it effectively, which leads to the failure of the movement.

2.The bourgeoisie is strong. The bourgeoisie has enormous power and resources in the political, economic and cultural spheres, and they suppress the workers' movement through various means, including violent repression, economic blockade and ideological control, making it difficult for the workers' movement to develop.

To sum up, the main reasons for the failure of the European workers' movement were the lack of scientific guidance and the powerful repressive forces of the bourgeoisie.

Subjectively, the reasons for the defeat of the socialist movement seem to be attributed to the lack of correct leadership, political-military blunders, and so on, but objectively, capitalism in Europe at that time.

It is still in the ascending period, has not yet entered the stage of maturity, and the workers' movement is not entirely due to the contradictions between the productive forces and the relations of production, and between the economic base and the superstructure. Just like Marx.

What is said: It was nothing but an uprising in one city under special conditions, and that the majority of the people in the Commune were not socialists and could not be socialists.

Because they don't get along!

It indicates that the modern proletariat has stepped onto the stage of history as an independent political force and has begun to show the great historical role of the proletariat. In the three major workers' movements, the proletariat put forward its own independent political and economic demands, which attacked the capitalist system, and the struggle of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie entered a new stage.

Lessons from the three major workers' movements.

Although these three large-scale workers' movements were suppressed, they had a profound lesson: without the guidance of revolutionary theory, the proletariat could not have won a revolutionary victory. Therefore, the creation of a revolutionary theory based on science has become an urgent need of the times.

The landmark event was the emergence of the three major workers' movements in Europe.

In the thirties and forties of the nineteenth century, the workers' movement developed from an economic struggle to an independent political struggle. The two armed uprisings of the workers of Lyon, France, were of a distinctly political nature; The Chartist movement in Britain was the world's first political proletarian revolutionary movement on a national scale; The German-Silesian workers' uprising, from the very beginning, did what the French and British workers had done only at the end of the movement, namely, the realization of the essence of the proletariat.

Prior to this, the working class had sometimes taken part in political struggles, but in those struggles the proletariat had only followed the bourgeoisie against the enemies of its enemies, i.e. in the anti-feudal struggle under the leadership of the bourgeoisie. The working class is now fighting for its own political rights and economic interests, and is turning the finger at the capitalist system of exploitation. This marked the emergence of the proletariat as an independent political force on the stage of history.

It refers to the Lyon workers' uprising in France, the rebellion of the Silesian textile workers in Germany, and the charter of England. They marked the beginning of the European workers' movement on the stage of history and laid the foundation for the birth of Marxism.

Answer D This is a multiple-choice question that tests the ability to analyze problems from a historical materialist point of view. Options A, B, and C are also the root causes of the failure of the three major workers' movements, but their most critical historical roots should also lie in the degree of socio-economic development. Therefore, the correct option for this question is d.