Why does the Gregorian calendar have leap years and the lunar calendar has leap months

The length of our second is strictly defined in the world, very precise, it is defined by the time it takes for light to pass through a constant distance, it is constant, the length of a second is specified, and so on, the length of minutes, hours, and days are determined to be very accurate, then the length of the year is also constant, but the time of the earth around the sun has changed slightly because of factors such as the earth's gravity, Moreover, every year, the human calendar will be about 5 hours and 46 minutes less than the earth's natural revolving time around the sun, so that it is almost a difference of 6 hours a year, and the accumulation of four years is 24 hours a day, and a day must be added to reduce the error, so that this day is added in February, so the 29 days of February in leap years belong to the example of flexible adjustment of hard rules.

A leap year is a phenomenon in the Gregorian calendar, fixed in February, with one day more than an ordinary year, 29 days; Leap month is a phenomenon in the lunar calendar, leap month, that year has 13 months in the lunar calendar, that year is called leap month.

In order to avoid accumulating errors in the future, a new rule for setting leap years was introduced: all years divisible by 4 were leap years, based on the Gregorian era.

I think this is very normal, because there are many days like this, and this is also a Chinese tradition.

I think this must have been settled in ancient times, after all, if it continues like this, it will not match the calendar.

The Gregorian calendar, which is commonly used in all countries in the world today, is based on the "Julian calendar" of the Romans. In astronomy, the time interval between the Earth and the Sun from the vernal equinox to the vernal equinox is called a return year, and its length is days.

Leap year is a term for the Gregorian calendar, leap month is a noun for the Chinese lunar calendar, and sometimes, leap month also refers to the month of the leap year of the Gregorian calendar that contains leap days.

Narrow sense: There are no leap years in the Gregorian calendar, only leap days.

Broadly defined: both the Gregorian calendar and the lunar calendar have leap years, the Gregorian calendar leap years have leap days, and the lunar leap years have leap months.

Because these two are generally synchronized, since there is a leap year, then their timing will be skewed, and a leap month will be required to balance it.

I think that only in this way will the Gregorian calendar and the lunar calendar not be too far apart, and it will be very normal.

Because leap years and leap months are different calendars, they are both found in different calendars, because they are determined according to the time.

The reasons why there are leap months are as follows:

The lunar year is generally 12 months, the number of days in a month is 29 or 30 days according to the moon's orbit around the earth, 13 months in leap years, 353 or 354 days in a common year in the Chinese lunar calendar, 384 or 385 days in a leap year, and the average annual return year (also known as the return year) is about one day (i.e., the time it takes for the earth to circle the sun). As a lunisolar calendar, the number of days in the lunar calendar is determined according to the monthly profit and loss, and the time of the year is based on 12 months; In order to close the Earth's orbital cycle around the sun, that is, the return year, one month is added at certain intervals, and the additional month is a leap month, so the leap year of the lunar calendar is 13 months. The lunar calendar does not have the title of the thirteenth month, and the leap month is repeated after any month according to the rules of the calendar, and the repeated month is a leap month, such as the leap month after April is called leap April.

Looking at these messes, it's really an eyesore.

The problem is very simple: the Earth's rotation is measured by 24 hours, so it takes 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds, 1Lunar calendar: There are 12 or 13 months in a year, each month is not fixed, there are 29, 30 days, total.

354 or 355

2.Gregorian calendar: 12 months in a year, each month has 30, 31, 28, 29 days. 365 days or 366 days in total.

3.So according to the lunar calendar, there is a deviation of 10 or 11 days per year, and according to the solar calendar, the deviation is more than 5 hours per year.

To make up for it, the lunar calendar arranges an extra month every 4 years, and the solar calendar arranges an extra day every four years.

Summary: The lunar calendar has a large error, which needs a leap month to make up, and the small error of the solar calendar needs a leap day to make up for it. The solar calendar is like an upgraded version of the lunar calendar, which is more accurate.

Why does the lunar calendar have leap months.

The Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) is based on the earth's revolution around the sun as a year, measuring 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds.

The lunar calendar (lunar calendar) is based on the moon's orbit around the earth for one month, and the time is 29 and a half days.

The lunar calendar is mainly used in advertising in East Asia, and the lunar calendar is a traditional lunisolar calendar. According to legend, it was created in the ancient Yellow Emperor era or the Xia Dynasty, and the lunar calendar is also known as the Yellow Calendar and the Summer Calendar.

The big month has 30 days per month, the small month has 29 days, and there are only 354 or 355 days in the year. In this way, a lunar year will be about 11 days less or 10 days less than the year we commonly use in the Gregorian calendar. Therefore, in order to coincide with the change of the seasons, people will add a month after a certain period of time, and this month is called a leap month.

Since the use of the Western Gregorian calendar, the traditional calendar in China has been called the old calendar or the traditional calendar. Later, the Western calendar was called the Gregorian calendar, and the old calendar was called the lunar calendar.

In fact, the determination of the leap month is mainly related to the 24 solar terms. The dates of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar are postponed month by month. In this way, there may be a situation where there is a solar term at the end of the month and only one solar term in the next month, and the lunar calendar stipulates that a leap month will be arranged after this month, for example, on April 28 of the lunar calendar in 1982, it is a small man, and there will be only one solar term in the following month, and there will be a summer solstice in the next month.

Therefore, just after April, a leap month is arranged, which is called leap April.

Leap months are held once every few years.

As the saying goes, "there is a leap in three years, and there is a leap in five years", which means that the lunar calendar will have a leap month every two or three years. There is a general method of "seven leaps in 19 years" among the people.

Some. The intercalation rule of the lunar calendar is related to the solar terms. The 24 solar terms can be divided into two categories: solar terms and middle terms, which are referred to as solar terms and gas.

The ancients started from the winter solstice, and the solar terms were intertwined with An's Sen deficits, so the small cold was the solar term, the big cold was the middle air, and so on. There are 12 solar terms and 12 solar terms in a year, and generally one medium gas and one solar term each month. Each of the central qi is destined to belong to a certain month, and it cannot be chaotic.

According to the "History of the Song Dynasty", Wen Yanbo pacified the rebellion of the king of Beizhou in the first month of the leap month in 1048 AD, the eighth year of the Qingli calendar.

The first month of the leap month is a rare leap month, and there was no leap month in the 18th century, 20th century, 21st century, 25th century, 28th-41st century. The last leap month will occur in 1651 in the 17th century, and the next leap month will appear in 2148 in the 22nd century.

The year of the first month of the leap month must be the earliest year of the Spring Festival.

The rotation of the earth gives us the first natural unit of time, the day, the movement of the earth around the sun brings the second unit of time, the year, and the movement of the moon around the earth establishes the third unit of time, the month.

Some. The calculation of leap months in leap years in the lunar calendar is one leap in 3 years, two leaps in 5 years, and seven leaps in 19 years; The agricultural wide silver calendar is basically a cycle of 19 years, corresponding to the same time in the Gregorian calendar. For example, on May 27, 2001, May 27, 1982 and May 27, 1963 in the Gregorian calendar, the feast is the fifth day of the fourth month of the leap month.

Because the Gregorian calendar is just 365 days a year, and the lunar calendar only has "29", "30" and no "31" in a month, so the year is much less than the normal 365 days, and it is too different from the most basic date of the earth's revolution in a few years, which naturally does not conform to the laws of nature. In order to adjust the date back to the normal rhythm, there is the term "leap month". Of course, the "leap month" is not a pure adjustment of the date, in ancient times people mainly used to adjust the solar terms.

China's lunar calendar is different from the world's common Gregorian calendar, which is "30" days and "31" days per month, and only February is "29" days and "28" days. And my country's lunar calendar does not have "31" days at all. So at the end of the year, it must have been a lot less than a normal year.

However, the time of the year on Earth is calculated according to the time of revolution, not according to ......the Chinese lunar calendarTherefore, if the lunar calendar is to conform to the phenomenon of natural operation, it must be adjusted.

This adjustment is called a "leap month". The ancients did not know what "revolution of the earth" was, but only knew that if there was no "leap month", the calendar would be messed up, and the solar terms would not be able to correspond to the calendar. Then people found that four years can be just one month longer, so there is a four-year one-month rule.

Specific regulations about "leap months", such as which leap month to make, are not actually dead. Because there have been many changes in ancient times, for example, in the Western Han Dynasty, people simply and rudely put the leap month in the last month of the year, that is, December. Later, I didn't think this setting was good, so I changed it again.

It was not until modern times that the current rule of determining the leap month based on the "middle air" was established.

In general, the lunar calendar has leap months because the lunar calendar has less time in a year than the normal revolution of the earth, and the leap month is to adjust back to the date. The Gregorian calendar does not have this problem, so there is no need for leap months to adjust.

Popular Science: What is the leap month in the lunar calendar?

Because the Gregorian calendar is 365 days a year, the lunar calendar is different, there are 29 days in a month, 30 days and 31 days in a year, it is many days less than the Gregorian calendar, so the climate is adjusted by moistening the moon.

The Gregorian calendar is the international method of calculating date and time, while the lunar calendar is China's own calculation method for dates, solar terms, etc., and the leap month is also formed according to specific solar terms, sun and moon laws, and the Gregorian calendar cannot be calculated.

The lunar calendar places a leap month in order to reconcile the contradiction between the return year and the lunar year, each month of the lunar calendar is one day less than the Gregorian calendar, and 3 years is 36 days, so there must be a leap month to catch up with the months of the Gregorian calendar.

The so-called "lunar calendar" in China actually belongs to the "lunisolar calendar" in the calendar classification, which is a calendar compiled by taking into account the two movements of the earth around the sun and the moon around the earth (manifested as the change of the moon phase).

The 24 solar terms represent the return movement of the sun (the movement of the earth around the sun), while the 24 solar terms are actually divided into solar terms and middle terms, with the beginning of spring being the solar term and the rain being the middle ......And so on, the solar terms and the middle qi are arranged alternately. The time it takes for the Moon to move around the Earth for one time is a day. A "lunar" month has 29 days for a small month and 30 days for a major month (the first day of the lunar month is the date when the moon phase is "new"), so there may be no mid-air in the "lunary" month.

When there is no mid-air in a "lunar month", the month is called a leap month, and the month that follows it is called a leap month.

The lunar calendar is mainly based on the time it takes for the Moon to orbit the Earth. It has been observed that the time it takes for the Moon to make one revolution around the Earth is about.

Day. So, in the lunar calendar, 1

Months sometimes have 29 or 30 days. It takes days for the Earth to revolve around the Sun (called a "solar year"). If we will.

1 lunar year is set.

12 months, ie.

day, then. 1 lunar year will be compared.

1 sun young.

It's a day. It is clear that 3

The lunar year will be more than that.

3 suns less than exceeded.

1 month! In order to bridge this gap, the lunar calendar introduced a leap month system. That is, in an appropriate year, the increase.

1 month!

The leap month is a unique calendar setting in our country, and it is an indispensable calendar adjustment in our country's lunar calendar, the lunar calendar conflicts with the return year and the 24 solar terms, and something is needed to regulate them, and the leap month was born from this.

It should be said that the current textbooks only talk about the Western calendar, so that we confuse the two calendars that are not mentioned in the textbooks in our daily life - the lunar calendar and the lunar calendar, in fact, the "yin" is the "month", and the lunar calendar is an agricultural calendar, which should calculate when the spring, summer, autumn and winter will come every year, of course, it should be a solar calendar. The Western calendar is also a solar calendar, so it is consistent with the rhythm of the lunar calendar, and the winter solstice and summer solstice of the lunar calendar are December 22 and June 22 of the Western calendar every year, and will not be like the Spring Festival of the lunar calendar, and the dates corresponding to the Western calendar are different every year.

According to the cycle of the moon phase, each lunar phase synodic change is one month; And divide a solar return year into 24 segments, forming 24 solar terms. By referring to the solar return year, a leap month is set to adapt its average calendar year to the return year. The lunar calendar merges the lunar and solar calendars to form a lunisolar calendar.

The lunar calendar is also known as the summer calendar, the lunar calendar, the old calendar, the Chinese calendar, and the Chinese calendar. Due to the use of "Xia Zheng", it was mostly called the summer calendar in the old days, and after 1970, the "summer calendar" was renamed the "lunar calendar". The lunar calendar is a lunisolar calendar, and its years are divided into ordinary years and leap years.

Twelve months in a normal year; Leap years are thirteen months. Months are divided into major months and minor months, with the major month having 30 days and the minor month having 29 days, and its average calendar month is equal to one synodic month.