Common fire causes and precautions

The cause of the fire is composed of the unsafe state of things and the unsafe behavior of people. The risk factors of fire mainly include five main aspects: people, machines, items, methods, and environment. No smoking.

signs can be seen everywhere, but the phenomenon of smoking has been repeatedly banned; Patients are indifferent to fire safety awareness, always have a fluke mentality, thinking that the fire is far away from them, it is impossible to happen so easily, and the common sense of escape is less. Improper use of electrical appliances is easy to cause short circuit and leakage. Flammable and explosive materials.

When exposed to high temperatures, it can induce combustion.

Prevention of fires:

1. No smoking, no liquefier stove, alcohol stove, etc.

2. Do not close the table lamp near the bedding and pillow, and remember to turn off the light when you leave.

3. Do not use electrical appliances in violation of regulations, and remove them immediately when not in use.

4. Do not use cigarette boxes and matchboxes as ashtrays, and do not litter unextinguished cigarette butts, matches, and mosquito coils.

5. Do not pile up debris on the safety passage.

6. Do not put the hair dryer on the combustible, unplug it immediately after use, and do not put flammable and explosive materials.

Bring it indoors.

Common fire causes mainly include aging of electrical appliances, aging circuits, improper use of household appliances, the use of liquefied gas for stir-frying and cooking, and then the fire caused by fireworks, and then intentional arson. At home, you should prepare fire extinguishing equipment, including fire extinguishers, fire blankets, well, people should strengthen their learning to learn some knowledge of fire prevention and fire extinguishing.

The basic measures to prevent fire include:

1) Eliminate ignition sources. The basic principle of fire prevention should be to eliminate the source of fire. The construction site is full of combustibles, and there is no shortage of burning air, and only by eliminating the fire source can the fire be effectively prevented.

The investigation of the cause of the fire after the outbreak of the fire is also important to find out which fire source caused the fire.

2) Control combustibles. Strict control and management of combustibles that are easy to burn on site is an important measure to avoid fires. The specific measures are divided into three types: timely cleaning and transportation, inventory and quarantine.

Flammable wood chips, wood shavings, wood formwork, etc. should be cleaned up and transported away in time or transported to a safe place for storage; Dangerous goods such as kerosene, gasoline and explosives should be stored in a safe flame-proof and explosion-proof warehouse, strictly controlled and managed; Those items that can produce combustible gas by mutual influence should be isolated, and the distance between separate storage points should meet safety requirements.

(3) Isolate the air. By isolating combustibles from the surrounding air, combustion can be stopped immediately. Commonly used measures are:

The purpose of extinguishing the fire can be achieved by covering the fire extinguishing agent (carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide, etc.), foam and other non-gaseous gases or liquids, and spraying them on the surface of the burning object to isolate it from the air.

4) Cool. When the temperature of the combustible material is lowered below the ignition point (ignition point), the combustion stops. Water and dry ice are commonly used for cooling and extinguishing fires.

5) Isolate ignition and combustibles. Measures to isolate ignition sources and combustibles and avoid new combustion conditions can stop the fire from spreading. For example:

Widening fire spacing between buildings; Build a firewall in the warehouse; A line is formed between combustibles in the vicinity of the fire"Ice wall";Demolition of buildings in the vicinity of the fire can effectively prevent the spread of fire.

1. Strictly control the generation of fire sources: including open flames, such as open flame lighting, heating, cooking, burning waste, unextinguished cigarette butts, welding and cutting operations, etc.; Collision or friction of objects, such as the collision or friction of metallic objects; Hot-hot objects, such as welding and cutting spatter, steel rolling and forging slag, blasting debris, etc.; Electrical sparks, such as short circuits, sparks generated by static electricity, etc.; heat of chemical reaction; Thunder and lightning sparks.

2. Strengthen supervision: including setting up fire monitors at operation points where fires may occur, setting up warning signs such as "no fire source" next to combustible or flammable materials, sending special personnel to conduct patrol inspections, and formulating special operating specifications.

3. Equipped with applicable fire-fighting equipment: Equipped with applicable fire-fighting equipment in strict accordance with relevant national regulations, and the performance integrity of the equipment should be checked frequently; Fire hydrants need to be kept in good condition, and water sources and water pressure should be ensured.

4. Timely alarm: If a fire is found, the police should be called immediately to avoid delaying the fire extinguishing opportunity and causing a major fire accident.

The basic measures to prevent fire include controlling combustibles, isolating the air, controlling the source of fire, regularly inspecting the transformer, replacing the aging coil, paying attention to heat dissipation, and not exceeding the load. All fire prevention measures are aimed at preventing the occurrence of combustion conditions, and to prevent the combustion conditions from combining and interacting with each other.

1. Control combustibles.

Combustibles are the material basis of the combustion process, so the use of combustible substances should be cautious. When selecting materials, try to replace combustible materials with non-combustible or non-combustible materials, such as building houses with cement instead of wood, and dipping combustibles with fireproof paint to improve fire resistance; For the plant with fire and high risk of fire, the method of ventilation or ventilation is used to reduce the concentration of combustible gas, vapor and dust in the air; All items that can interact with each other should be stored separately, etc.

2. Isolate the air.

The production process using flammable and explosive substances should be carried out in a sealed facility; For production with abnormal danger, it can be filled with inert gas protection; Isolate the air to store some dangerous chemicals, such as sodium metal in kerosene, yellow phosphorus in water, carbon disulfide in water, etc.

3. Remove the source of fire.

For example, take measures such as isolating the fire source, controlling the temperature, grounding, lightning protection, installing explosion-proof lights, and blocking sunlight to prevent combustibles from encountering open flames or rising temperatures. Stop the spread of fires and waves. In order to prevent the spread of fire and waves, it is necessary to prevent the formation of new combustion conditions, so as to prevent the expansion of the fire and reduce the fire loss.

The specific measures include: installing flame arresters and safety water seals on combustible gas pipelines; Wear fire caps on the smoke and exhaust systems of locomotives, ships, automobiles, and bulldozers; Installation of explosion-proof membrane and safety valve on pressure vessel equipment; Leave fire spacing between buildings, build firewalls, etc.