When did the cultivation of grapes begin in the Central Plains of China?

Western Han Dynasty. Grape cultivation in the Central Plains of China began in the Western Han Dynasty. Grapes, pomegranates, walnuts and other plants originated in the Western Regions, since the Han Dynasty Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions after these plants were introduced to the Central Plains, and due to the introduction of a large number of grape varieties, so the planting range of grapes in the interior of the Central Plains also began to expand, at the same time the way of wine brewing also began to appear, and the culture related to grapes and wine is also gradually developing.

Grapes originated on the Black Sea and Mediterranean coasts, and were cultivated in the Caucasus, Central Asia and Iraq 7,000 years ago, and later introduced to Egypt and Greece. In ancient Greece, it was said that grapes were a gift from Theosas, the "god of plants", to mankind. In the Han Dynasty of our country, the grapes were called Pu grapes, <>

Grapes, pomegranates, walnuts and other plants originated in the Western Regions, since the Han Dynasty Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions after these plants were introduced to the Central Plains, and due to the introduction of a large number of grape varieties, so the planting range of grapes in the interior of the Central Plains also began to expand, at the same time the way of wine brewing also began to appear, and the culture related to grapes and wine is also gradually developing.

Zhang Qian is known as a great diplomat, explorer, and "the pioneer of the Silk Road", he spread the Central Plains civilization to the Western Regions, and introduced sweaty horses, grapes, alfalfa, pomegranates, flax and other species from the Western Regions to the Central Plains, promoting the exchange of Eastern and Western civilizations.

Since Zhang Qian of the Western Han Dynasty hollowed out the Western Regions and introduced Dawan grape varieties, the scope of grape cultivation in the interior of the Central Plains began to expand, wine brewing also began to appear, and the culture related to grapes and wine gradually developed.

Chinese cultivation began in the pre-Qin period.

In the pre-Qin period, grape planting and winemaking have begun to spread in the Western Regions, since the Western Han Dynasty Zhang Qian hollowed out the Western Regions, the introduction of Dawan grape varieties, the scope of grape planting in the Central Plains began to expand, wine brewing also began to appear, grapes, wine-related culture gradually developed.

China was one of the first countries in the world to grow grapes. Viticulture in ancient China was an alien material civilization that originated in the Black Sea, the eastern coastal regions of the Mediterranean, and Central Asia. Approximately.

Five or six thousand years ago, grapes and winemaking began in modern Egypt, Syria, Iraq, the South Caucasus and Central Asia. Later, it spread westward to Western European countries such as Italy and France, and eastward to East Asia.

Grapes are native to the Black Sea and the Mediterranean coast, Sima Qian's "Historical Records": "The Han envoys took the facts, so the emperor began to plant alfalfa and pampas to fertilize the land." "Grapes were introduced through the ancient Silk Road.

The function, edible value and condition of grapes and fruits were first seen in the "Shennong Materia Medica", written as "Pu Tao", which was listed as the first article of "Fruit and Vegetable Products": "Pu Tao, taste Ganping." It is mainly used to treat dampness of muscles and bones, invigorate qi and strengthen ambition, make people fat and healthy, and resist hunger and cold.

Long-term food is lightweight, and it does not age and prolongs life. Can be used as wine. Raw Valley.

The earliest cultivation of grapes in China began during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and was brought back by Zhang Qian, who was the first to open up the Silk Road in the Western Regions. There is also a theory that Xinjiang grapes should have been introduced before Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions, and then spread from Xinjiang to Gansu, Shaanxi, and even the whole of China. Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty recorded in the "Historical Records" that grapes were introduced from the ancient country of Central Asia, "Dawan".

At the same time as grapes were introduced, the method of making wine was also introduced. In the Tang Dynasty, wine has become a deep drink to usher in, and the poet Wang Han once wrote in "Liangzhou Ci": "Grape wine luminous cup, if you want to drink pipa, urge immediately." Drunk and lying on the battlefield, Jun Mo smiled, and a few people came back to fight in ancient times.

Grape cultivation in the Central Plains of China began in the Western Han Dynasty.

Grapes are native to West Asia, introduced to China during the Western Han Dynasty, and are now distributed in Hebei, Henan, Shanxi and other provinces in China. In the "Historical Records", it is recorded that "the Han envoys took the facts, so the emperor began to plant alfalfa and pampas to fertilize the land", which shows that the earliest cultivation of grapes began during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and was brought back by Zhang Qian, who was the first to open up the Silk Road in the Western Regions.

Grape, Vitis vinifera is a tall and winding vine, with strong performance, and the young stems are bald or slightly hairy; The leaves are papery, round-ovate or rounded; The inflorescences are large and long; The calyx is small, yellowish-green cup-shaped; The columella is short and conical; The berries are ovate to ovate-oblong, purple-black or red with a cyan tinge when ripe; Flowering period: June; The fruiting period is from September to October. Li Shizhen said in the "Compendium of Materia Medica": grapes, "Hanshu" as peach, can make wine, people feed it, then revel and get drunk, so it is famous.

Introduction to grapes

Grapes prefer warm, dry and well-ventilated environments, prefer full sunshine, have a certain degree of cold tolerance, do not have strict soil requirements, and are suitable for growing in loose and fertile sandy soils. The propagation method is mainly based on the law of dividing the feast, and it can also be propagated by cutting. Grapes have high water requirements, and strict control of soil moisture is a prerequisite for planting good grapes.

Grapes require more water in the early growth or vegetative growth period, and in the later growth or fruiting period, the roots are weaker and require less water, so it is necessary to avoid damaging the roots so as not to affect the quality.

Grapes should avoid rain and dew, rain for many years is easy to cause insufficient sunshine, photosynthesis is limited, excessive absorption of water is easy to cause branch growth and high humidity, easy to cause various diseases, such as black pox, gray mold, etc. Therefore, it is best to keep the shoots at 40-70 cm during the flowering period; The amount of irrigation in fruit-bearing areas prone to fruit cracking should also be controlled. Dry and drought-prone areas should be properly covered with straw to maintain soil moisture and control grass growth.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Grape (Vitis vinifera).

Western Han Dynasty. Grape cultivation began in the Central Plains of China, such as in the Western Han Dynasty. Grapes, pomegranates, walnuts and other plants originated in the Western Regions, since the Han Dynasty Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions after these plants were introduced to the Central Plains, and due to the introduction of a large number of grape varieties, so the planting range of grapes in the interior of the Central Plains also began to expand, at the same time the way of wine brewing also began to appear, and the culture related to grapes and wine is also gradually developing.

Grapes originated on the Black Sea and Mediterranean coasts, and were cultivated in the Caucasus, Central Asia, Iraq and other places only 7,000 years ago, and later introduced to Egypt and Greece. In ancient Greece, it was said that grapes were a gift from Theosas, the "god of plants", to mankind. In the Han Dynasty of our country, the grapes were called Pu grapes, <>

Grape cultivation in the Central Plains of China began in the Han Dynasty. In Sima Qian's book "From Now on Grapes into the Han Family", it is recorded that Zhang Qian led the delegation to Wusun and then to Dawan, and his attaché introduced grapes and alfalfa from the Western Regions to the Han Dynasty and successfully dug through the Silk Road. Grapes, pomegranates, walnuts and other plants originated in the Western Regions, since the Han Dynasty Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions after these plants were introduced to the Central Plains, and due to the introduction of a large number of grape varieties, so the planting range of grapes in the interior of the Central Plains also began to expand.

At the same time, the way of making wine began to appear, and the culture related to grapes and wine gradually developed. Grapes and wine have significantly increased as subjects of writers' poems. In addition to historical legends, grapes and wine also appear in the Illustrated Classics, Chronicles, and Documentary Archives.

The types of grape and wine documents and archives have increased, and there are records of grapes and wines in Turpan documents, Dunhuang documents, Turpan Uighur documents, and Tubo slips.

The relationship between grapes, wine and religious belief continues to develop, and the religious belief of grape culture is strong. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist literature was an important carrier of grape culture. Zhang Qian is known as a great diplomat, explorer, is the "pioneer of the Silk Road", he spread the Central Plains civilization to the Western Regions, and introduced sweat horses, grapes, alfalfa, pomegranates, flax and other species to the Central Plains from the Western Regions Bixiangfu countries, promoting the exchange of Eastern and Western civilizations.

Western Han Dynasty

The cultivation of grapes in the Central Plains of China began in the Western Han Dynasty, grapes originated in Eurasia and North America, and the early planting of grapes in the coarse tomato shed began during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and was brought back by Zhang Qian, who went to the Western Regions and took the lead in opening up the Silk Road. In Sima Qian's "Historical Records", it is recorded that "the Han envoys took the facts, so the emperor began to plant alfalfa and pampas to fertilize the land." The earliest written record of "grapes" is the Book of Songs, in which the "薁" in "June Shi Yu and Xue " refers to wild grapes, reflecting that people in the Yin Shang era already knew to collect and eat various wild grapes.

Grape cultivation in the Central Plains of China began in the Western Han Dynasty.

Grapes originated in Eurasia and North America, and it is recorded in the "Historical Records" that "the Han envoys took the facts, so the emperor began to plant alfalfa and plush pottery fertile land", which shows that the earliest grape cultivation began during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and was brought back by Zhang Qian, who sent an envoy to the Western Regions and took the lead in opening up the Silk Road.

Grapes are with the exchange of human culture and economy and gradually spread to Europe and even the world, according to archaeological research, in the Mesozoic Cretaceous geological layer of 67 million to 100 million years ago found grape plants, which shows that as early as the Cenozoic Tertiary and even earlier, the earth has a plant of the grape family.

In the "Historical Records: The Biography of Dawan Lie", it is recorded that Zhang Qian sent an envoy to the Western Regions in the third year of the founding of the Western Han Dynasty, and he could go to the scene of "Wan around Pu Tao as wine, the rich people hid more than 10,000 imitation bent stones, and the long ones were undefeated for decades", and then "the Han envoy took the facts, so the Son of Heaven began to plant alfalfa and Pu Tao fertile land", indicating that grapes had begun to be planted at this time.

There are more than 8,000 grape varieties in the world, and about 800 in China, which can be divided into winemaking, fresh food, drying, other processed varieties, and rootstock and skin varieties according to their uses. The main excellent fresh food species are: Vineyard Queen, Saba Pearl, Combar Zaosheng, Jing Zaojing, Rose Fragrance, Seedless White, White Banana, Jufeng, Milk, Longan.

In addition, there are many winemaking varieties such as Dimiat, Riesling, Blanc, Chesie Blanc, Coral Pearl, Islin, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, etc.

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, fresh food varieties have been bred successively such as early rose, early red, crisp red, Beijing early crystal, Beijing amethyst, early agate, red banana, purple pearl, phoenix varieties, etc., and the liquor varieties include Gongzao No. 1, Gongzao No. 2, Zexiang, Zeyu, Meiyu and so on.