What are the components of a car engine?

1. Body group.

1. Composition: cylinder head, cylinder block and crankcase.

2. Function: As the assembly matrix of each mechanism and system of the engine, it is the skeleton of supporting and fixing the crank connecting rod mechanism and other devices, and the relevant parts of the tractor chassis form the frame of the tractor.

Second, the crank connecting rod mechanism.

1. Composition: mainly including pistons, connecting rods, crankshafts, flywheels, etc.

2. Function: It is the engine that generates power and converts the linear reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft to output power.

3. Gas distribution mechanism and intake and exhaust system.

1. Composition: mainly including intake valves, exhaust valves, tappets, push rods, rocker arms, camshafts and camshaft timing gears (driven by crankshaft timing gears).

2. Function: make the combustible mixed gas into the cylinder in time and discharge the exhaust gas from the cylinder in time.

Fourth, the supply system and governor.

1. Composition: mainly including fuel tank, sedimentation cup, diesel filter, fuel pump, fuel injection pump and governor, etc.

2. Function: Timely, quantitatively, and under constant pressure the clean diesel is sprayed into the combustion chamber in the form of mist, and the fuel supply is automatically adjusted according to the load of the diesel engine to ensure the most economical and stable operation of the engine.

5. Starting device.

1. Composition: starter motor and its clutch mechanism, flywheel gear ring, starting switch, battery, etc.

2. Function: It is a mechanism that can smoothly detach the diesel engine from a static state to a running state and can be smoothly separated from the diesel engine as soon as it enters the running state.

6. Cooling system.

1. Composition: cooling jacket, water pump, thermostat, fan, radiator, water temperature gauge of cylinder block and cylinder head, etc.

2. Function: Disperse the heat of the heated parts into the air, delay the decline of the strength and hardness of the parts to cause deformation and damage, maintain the appropriate matching gap of the parts that match each other, avoid the deterioration of the lubricating oil by high temperature, and ensure the normal operation of the diesel engine.

7. Lubrication system.

1. Composition: mainly including oil pump, pressure limiting valve, oil filter, lubricating oil channel, etc.

2. Function: supply lubricating oil to the parts in relative motion to reduce the friction resistance between them, reduce the wear of the parts, and partially cool the friction parts and clean the friction surface.

The automobile engine is the power unit of the car, providing the power source of the car, which is composed of two major mechanisms and five major systems (crank connecting rod mechanism and valve mechanism; Fuel supply system, cooling system, lubrication system, ignition system and starting system), the automobile engine in the cooperation of the five systems, through the connection and operation of the two major mechanisms, the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical kinetic energy, the reciprocating linear motion into rotary motion, the engine is the "heart" of the car, providing basic power guarantee for the operation of the car.

Here's a closer look at the components of the two major institutions and the five major systems:

Method steps.

1. Crank connecting rod mechanism: connecting rod, crankshaft, bearing, flywheel, piston, piston ring, piston pin, crankshaft oil seal;

2. Air distribution mechanism: cylinder head, valve chamber cover, camshaft, valve, intake manifold, exhaust manifold, air filter, muffler, three-way catalysis, supercharger, intercooler, etc.;

3. Cooling system: generally composed of water tank, water pump, radiator, fan, thermostat, water temperature gauge and water discharge switch; (The automobile engine adopts two cooling methods, namely air cooling and water cooling, and the engine in the mainstream market of China's automobile is mostly water-cooled.) ）

4. Lubrication system: The engine lubrication system is composed of oil pump, filter, oil filter, oil channel, pressure limiting valve, oil gauge, pressure plug and oil dipstick, etc.;

5. Fuel system: The fuel system of gasoline engine is composed of gasoline tank, gasoline gauge, gasoline pipe, gasoline filter, gasoline pump, carburetor, air filter, intake and exhaust manifold, etc.;

6. Starting system: starter, ignition switch, battery;

7. Ignition system: spark plugs, high-voltage wires, high-voltage coils, distributors. end

The generator of the automobile is mainly composed of rotors, stators, rectifiers, front and rear end covers, fans and pulleys and other components, and the working principle is that when the external circuit energizes the excitation winding through the brush, the magnetic field is generated, and the magnetization is N or S class.

The generator stator of the automobile is used to generate alternating current, and the generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy output through the electromagnetic induction principle of wire cutting and magnetic field line induction charging. After the start button starts, the generator will start working, and it is necessary to pay attention to whether the generator has mechanical noise and abnormal vibration during the working process. When using a generator to generate electricity, it is necessary to determine whether the contact is good, check whether the power supply wire is correct, and check whether there is dust and dirt on the battery binding post.

Its working principle is that when the external circuit energizes the excitation winding through the brush, a magnetic field is generated, so that the claw pole is magnetized into the N pole and the S pole. The positive electrode of the battery, the charging indicator, the regulator contact, the excitation winding, the negative electrode of the iron battery.

Second, the rotor. The role of the rotor is to generate a magnetic field. The rotor is mainly composed of claw poles, magnetic poles, excitation windings, collector rings, rotor shafts, etc.

The rotor shaft is equipped with two claw poles, and the claw pole cavity is equipped with excitation windings. The collector ring is composed of two copper rings insulated from each other, which are press-fitted on the rotor shaft and insulated from the shaft, and the two collector rings are connected to the two ends of the excitation winding respectively. When direct current is passed into the two collector rings, there is an electric current passing through the excitation winding, and an axial magnetic flux is generated, so that one of the claw poles is magnetized into the n pole and the other is magnetized into the s pole, thus forming six pairs or eight pairs of interlaced magnetic poles.

3. Stator. The role of the stator is to generate alternating current. The stator is mounted on the outside of the rotor and is fixed to the front and rear ends of the generator.

When the rotor rotates inside, it causes a change in the magnetic flux in the stator winding, and an alternating induced electromotive force is generated in the stator winding. The stator consists of a stator intimate and a stator winding. The stator core is made up of slotted inner rings and insulated silicon steel sheets.

The stator windings have three sets of coils, which are symmetrically embedded in the slots of the stator core. There are two kinds of connections for three-phase windings: star and triangle, and star connections are generally used.

Fourth, rectifier.

The function of the rectifier is to convert the three-phase alternating current generated by the stator winding into direct current. The rectifier is made up of a rectifier diode, and the rectifier of the 6-tube alternator is composed of 6 silicon rectifier diodes respectively press-fitting or soldering on two plates that are insulated from each other, one of which is a positive plate with an output bolt; The other is the negative plate, which is directly connected to the generator shell (tie iron), and the back cover of the generator can also be directly used as the negative plate. 6 rectifier diodes, atmosphere positive and negative diodes.

The one that leads to the electrode is called the positive electrode, and the one that leads to the electrode is called the negative electrode.

Engine: crank connecting rod mechanism, valve mechanism, fuel supply system, ignition system, lubrication system, cooling system and starting system.

Car engines.

It is mainly composed of five major systems of raw material mechanism, namely crank connecting rod mechanism and gas distribution mechanism. The starting system is ignition, fuel supply, lubrication, and cooling.

In general, the current engine consists of two major mechanisms and five major systems.

1. Crank connecting rod mechanism.

The crank linkage mechanism is the main moving part of the engine to realize the working cycle and complete the energy conversion. It is composed of a body group, a piston connecting rod group and a crankshaft flywheel group, etc.

Second, the gas distribution mechanism.

The function of the valve mechanism is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves at regular intervals according to the working sequence and working process of the engine, so that the combustible mixture or air enters the cylinder, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder to realize the ventilation process. The opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves are controlled by the camshaft. Camshafts are driven by a crankshaft through toothed belts or gears or chains.

The intake, exhaust valves and camshafts, as well as a number of other parts, work together to form the valve train.

3. Fuel supply system.

The function of the fuel supply system of the gasoline engine is to prepare a certain amount and concentration of mixed gas according to the requirements of the engine, supply it to the cylinder, and discharge the exhaust gas after combustion from the cylinder to the atmosphere;

Fourth, lubrication system.

The function of the lubrication system is to deliver a certain amount of clean lubricating oil to the surface of the parts in relative motion to achieve liquid friction, reduce frictional resistance, and reduce the wear of parts. and the surface of the part is cleaned and cooled. The lubrication system usually consists of a lubricating oil channel, an oil pump, an oil filter, and some valves.

5. Cooling system.

The function of the cooling system is to dissipate part of the heat absorbed by the heated parts in time to ensure that the engine works at a suitable temperature. The cooling system of a water-cooled engine usually consists of a cooling jacket, a water pump, a fan, a water tank, a thermostat, etc.

6. Ignition system.

In a gasoline engine, the flammable mixture in the cylinder is ignited by an electric spark, for which a spark plug is installed on the cylinder head of the gasoline engine, and the head of the spark plug protrudes into the combustion chamber. All equipment that can generate electric sparks between the spark plug electrodes on time is called an ignition system, which usually consists of a battery, a generator, a distributor, an ignition coil and a spark plug.

The spark plug has a central electrode and a side electrode, and the two electrodes are insulated from each other. When the DC voltage is added between the two electrodes of the spark plug and the voltage rises to a certain value, the gap between the two electrodes of the spark plug will be broken down to produce an electric spark, and the minimum voltage required to produce an electric spark between the two electrodes of the spark plug is called the breakdown voltage; All devices that can generate an electric spark between the two electrodes of the spark plug are called engine ignition systems.

7. Starting system.

It is not difficult to understand this, in order to make the engine transition from a stationary state to a working state, it is necessary to rotate the crankshaft of the engine with external force, so that the piston can reciprocate, and the combustible mixture in the cylinder burns and expands to work, and pushes the piston to move downward to rotate the crankshaft, so that the engine can run on its own and the working cycle can be carried out automatically. Therefore, the whole process from the crankshaft starting to rotate under the action of external force to the engine starting to idle automatically is called the starting of the engine. The device required to complete the starting process is called the starting system of the engine.

1. Crank connecting rod mechanism, 2. Gas distribution mechanism, 3. Cooling system, 4. Lubrication system, 5. Fuel system, 6. Starting system, 7. Ignition system.

Answer 1, crank connecting rod mechanism: connecting rod, crankshaft, bearing, flywheel, piston, piston ring, piston pin, crankshaft oil seal; 2. Air distribution mechanism: cylinder head, valve chamber cover, camshaft, valve, intake manifold, exhaust manifold, air filter, muffler, three-way catalysis, supercharger, intercooler, etc.; 3. Cooling system:

It is generally composed of a water tank, a water pump, a radiator, a fan, a thermostat, a water temperature meter and a water discharge switch; (The automobile engine adopts two cooling methods, namely air cooling and water cooling, and the engine in the mainstream market of China's automobile is mostly water-cooled.) 4. Lubrication system: The engine lubrication system is composed of oil pump, filter, oil filter, oil channel, pressure limiting valve, oil gauge, pressure plug and oil dipstick, etc.; 5. Fuel system:

The fuel system of gasoline engine is composed of gasoline tank, gasoline gauge, gasoline pipe, gasoline filter, gasoline pump, carburetor, air filter, intake and exhaust manifold, etc.; 6. Starting system: starter, ignition switch, battery; 7. Ignition system: spark plugs, high-voltage wires, high-voltage coils, distributors.

The engine is composed of two major mechanisms, the crank connecting rod mechanism and the valve mechanism, as well as five major systems: cooling, lubrication, ignition, fuel supply, and starting system.

1. Crank connecting rod mechanism, crank connecting rod mechanism is the main moving part of the engine to achieve the working cycle and complete the energy conversion. It is composed of a body group, a piston connecting rod group and a crankshaft flywheel group, etc.

2. The function of the valve mechanism is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves regularly according to the working sequence and working process of the engine, so that the combustible mixture or air enters the cylinder, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder to realize the ventilation process.

3. The function of the lubrication system is to deliver a certain amount of clean lubricating oil to the surface of the parts in relative motion, so as to achieve liquid friction, reduce friction resistance, and reduce the wear of parts.

4. The function of the cooling system is to dissipate part of the heat absorbed by the heated parts in time to ensure that the engine works at the most suitable temperature.

5. The function of the fuel supply system of the gasoline engine is to prepare a certain amount and concentration of mixture according to the requirements of the engine, supply it to the cylinder, and discharge the exhaust gas from the cylinder to the atmosphere.

6. Ignition system, in the gasoline engine, the combustible mixture in the cylinder is ignited by electric sparks, for which a spark plug is installed on the cylinder head of the gasoline engine, and the head of the spark plug extends into the combustion chamber.

Generally, it is composed of crank connecting rod mechanism, gas distribution mechanism, fuel supply system, lubrication system, cooling system, ignition system and starting system.

Engine and function The engine is usually composed of a crank connecting rod mechanism, a valve mechanism, a fuel supply system, a lubrication system, a cooling system and a starting system.

1. Crank connecting rod mechanism.

The crank connecting rod mechanism is the main motion mechanism of the engine to realize energy conversion and complete the working cycle, which is composed of cylinder block, cylinder head, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft and flywheel and other parts.

2. The function of the valve mechanism is to realize the ventilation process of the engine, according to the working cycle of the engine, open and close the intake and exhaust valves regularly, so that the combustible mixture enters the cylinder, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder. The valve train usually consists of a valve train, a valve train train and a valve actuator.

3. Fuel supply system.

The function of the fuel supply system of the gasoline engine is to prepare a certain concentration and quantity of fresh combustible mixture and send it to the cylinder according to the requirements of the engine. The function of the diesel engine fuel supply system is to supply diesel and air into the cylinder respectively in a certain proportion, form a mixture in the combustion chamber and burn it, so that the engine can work continuously.

4. The function of the lubrication system is to supply a certain amount of clean lubricating oil to the friction surface of the engine moving parts.

It is mainly composed of oil pump, oil filter, pressure limiting valve and other parts.

5. Cooling systemThe function of the cooling system is to absorb and dissipate the excess heat of the heated parts of the engine to ensure that the engine works at the most suitable temperature state. It is mainly composed of water pumps, cooling jackets, radiators, fans, thermostats and other parts.

6. Ignition systemThe function of the ignition system is to generate electric sparks and ignite the combustible mixture in the gas cylinder at the specified time. It is mainly composed of ignition coils, distributors, batteries, generators and spark plugs.

7. The function of the starting system is to start the engine. The crankshaft starts to turn under the action of external force, and the process by which the engine starts to run on its own is called the starting of the engine. The starting system is mainly composed of the starter and its accessories.

The gasoline engine is composed of the above two major institutions and five major systems. The diesel engine is composed of the above two major mechanisms and four major systems, and the diesel engine is compression-ignited, so there is no ignition system.