How can older adults prevent falls? What are the prevention and treatment methods of falls in the el

Growing old is something that everyone has no choice but to do. The body organs gradually fail, consciousness slowly becomes unclear, and many elderly people are prone to fall inadvertently. According to a national survey, more than half of all falls occur at home, so it is essential to learn how to use first aid.

What should I do if I fall when there is no one at home?

In real life, when many elderly people fall, there is probably no one else at home, so they need to learn to save themselves. Specifically, you can do this:

1) If your back hits the ground first, bend your legs, move your hips to a chair or bed with a blanket or cushion, then lie down comfortably, cover yourself with a blanket, maintain your body temperature, and ask for help if possible.

2) Rest for a while, and when your strength is ready, try your best to flip yourself in the direction of the chair so that you become prone position.

3) Support the floor with your hands, lift your hips, bend your knees, and then try your best to kneel facing the chair with your hands on the chair.

4) Stand up as best you can with a chair as support.

5) After resting for a while and partially regaining your strength, call ** for help – the most important thing is to report yourself falling.

6) If you need to move, ensure that it is stable and lie flat as much as possible.

If there are other people in the family, it is recommended not to rush to help them up, but to deal with them according to the situation.

1. If you are unconscious, dial "120" immediately

1) If there is trauma or bleeding, stop the bleeding and bandage immediately;

2) If you have vomiting, tilt your head to one side, and clean up vomit from your mouth and nose to ensure smooth breathing;

3) If there is convulsion, move to a flat soft ground or soft objects under the body to prevent bumps and abrasions; If necessary, the interdental pad is hard to prevent tongue bite, do not break the convulsive limbs, and prevent muscle and bone damage;

4) If breathing and cardiac arrest, first aid measures such as chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration should be carried out immediately;

5) If you need to move, ensure that it is stable and lie flat as much as possible.

2. Clear consciousness.

1) Ask the elderly about the fall and whether they have any memory of the fall process, if they can't remember the fall process, it may be syncope or cerebrovascular accident, and the elderly should be escorted to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment immediately;

2) Ask whether there is a severe headache or crooked corners of the mouth, unfavorable speech, weakness of hands and feet, etc., if so, immediately help the elderly may aggravate cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral ischemia, and make the condition worse, should immediately dial "120";

3) If there is trauma or bleeding, immediately stop the bleeding, bandage and escort the elderly to the hospital for further treatment;

4) Check whether there is limb pain, deformity, joint abnormality and other conditions suggesting fractures, if you do not have relevant professional knowledge, do not move casually, so as not to aggravate the condition, you should immediately dial "120";

5) Check whether there is low back and back pain, leg movement or paresthesia; If you do not have relevant professional knowledge, do not move it casually to avoid aggravating the condition, and you should immediately dial "120";

6) If the elderly try to stand up on their own, they can help the elderly to stand up slowly, sit and lie down to rest and observe, and only leave after confirming that there is no obstruction;

7) If you need to move, ensure stability, and try to lie down and rest;

8) In case of falls, they should be accompanied by family members to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment.

There are several main types of fall prevention in the elderly:

1. Keep the environment appropriate, ensure that the ward or room is well lit, remove obstacles in the environment that are easy to cause the elderly to fall, and keep the ground clean and dry. Paste warning signs at the head of the bed, corridors, stairs, toilets and boiling water rooms, add non-slip mats and handrails, put frequently used things in a position where the elderly can reach them, regularly check seats, bedside guardrails, and wheelchairs, and strengthen patrols for the elderly at high risk of falling in the morning and evening and during meal times;

2. Life guidance, instruct the elderly to wear non-slip shoes and well-fitting clothes and pants, inform the elderly that it is not appropriate to bathe on an empty stomach or during a full meal, guide the elderly to bask in the sun properly, exercise properly, and use assistive equipment and appliances in a timely and correct manner. Such as using quadrangular canes, wheelchairs, etc.;

3. Medication guidance, do a detailed education on various drugs taken by the elderly, including the dose, time and method of each dose, adverse reactions and precautions for taking drugs, so as to reduce falls caused by adverse drug reactions. For the elderly who take antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, sedative, hypnotic and other drugs with potential risk of falling, it is necessary to pay attention to their actions, do a good job in preventive treatment, psychological counseling, and guide the elderly to overcome the reluctance to trouble others or disobey the old age, and seek help in time if they have difficulties.

Older people are more likely to fall down than younger people due to their reduced physical function, but older people often need longer time due to their own reasons**, which has a huge impact on normal life. Therefore, the elderly should master the methods of avoiding falls in their lives and use scientific and effective means to avoid unnecessary injuries. So what can be done to prevent falls in older adults?

1. Pay attention to the living environment. The environment has a great impact on the safety of the elderly, and the environment in which the elderly live should be brightly lit as much as possible, and the switch is easy to find; The ground should be flat, the aisle should be kept unobstructed, and no debris should be piled up; Furniture should be selected as simple as possible, and a certain gap should be left in the middle; Toilets, showers, bathtubs, etc., should choose a barrier-free design type so that the elderly can live in the most comfortable environment.

2. Timely ** disease. If the hearing and vision of the elderly are abnormal, it will greatly increase the chance of accidental falls, so it is best for the elderly to go to the hospital for examination and **.

3. Exercise. Exercise can effectively improve the mobility of the limbs, so that the speed of aging can be slowed down, so it is recommended that the elderly develop good exercise habits, the specific operations are as follows:

Muscle strength: You can increase muscle strength through exercises that strengthen your legs, among which standing bikes, brisk walking, etc. are very good choices.

Stretchability: Daily stretching and yoga can effectively improve the stretchability of the human body, making the body more soft and flexible.

Balance training: If the sense of balance is poor, it will increase the chance of falling, so it should be trained by walking in a straight line.

Falls have a great impact on the elderly, not only can they lead to fractures, disability, but also death, so they should not be taken lightly when facing falls, but should be prevented by scientific methods. For the elderly who have fallen, do not shy away from medical treatment, the physical condition of the elderly is not better than that of young people, and should be more professional**, so if a similar accident occurs, you must seek medical attention as soon as possible**.

1. The elderly need to be accompanied by family members or nannies;

2. Use crutches or walkers to help keep your body balanced

3. Wear non-slip shoes and loose pants;

4. The floor of the elderly's living room is non-slip, and the shower needs a sitz bath;

5. Put guardrails next to the bed of the elderly to prevent the elderly from falling down at night;

6. Put a toilet next to the bed to prevent the elderly from falling down at night;

7. There is a bell next to the bed, and the emergency call function is set up in case of emergency;

8. In case of accidents, contact 120 and family members in time;

1.If you can't remember the process of falling, it may be syncope or cerebrovascular accident, you should immediately call 120 for help, and you can't get up immediately.

2 If the elderly have severe headache, crooked mouth, unfavorable speech, weakness of hands and feet, etc., indicating that the elderly may have a stroke, and lifting up immediately may aggravate cerebral hemorrhage, and it is necessary to call 120 for help urgently.

3.If you can see the wound and there is bleeding, you should first use clothes, towels, handkerchiefs, etc. to stop the bleeding and bandage, and then immediately take the wound to the nearest hospital.

4.If the elderly fall and injure their arms or legs, radial fractures, ulna fractures, humeral shaft fractures, etc., may occur, the elderly will feel numbness in the hands and feet, pain in the hands and feet, and the fracture will be swollen and deformed, etc., and the elderly should be sent to the nearest hospital immediately.

5.If the elderly complain of pain in the lower back and cervical spine, abnormal movement or paresthesia in both legs, incontinence, etc., it indicates that the elderly have lumbar spine damage, and do not move the elderly or lift the elderly up.

If you have injured your spine, especially your cervical spine, blindly moving the elderly may cause damage to your spinal cord, which can take months to recover or paralyz.

For the consciousness after falling to the ground is not.

How to deal with the old man of Qing.

If you encounter an unconscious elderly person who has fallen, you should immediately call emergency **120 and send it to the hospital for rescue.

1.If the elderly person's breathing and heartbeat are stopped, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (including chest compressions, rescue breaths, etc.) should be started immediately.

2.If the elderly person has symptoms of vomiting after falling, tilt the elderly's head to one side and clean up the mouth and nose to keep breathing smooth and prevent the vomit from being inhaled into the airway and causing suffocation.

3.If you have convulsions after falling, immediately move to a flat soft ground or soft objects under your body to prevent bruises and abrasions. When moving, it is necessary to ensure that it is stable and lie flat as much as possible.

At the same time, you can place hard objects such as wallets between your upper and lower teeth to prevent biting your tongue and call for help in time. Do not use brute force to immobilize the convulsive limbs of the elderly to prevent secondary injury.

1. In the case of rain and snow, the elderly should avoid going out alone, if they go out, be sure to do a good job of protection, wear shoes with anti-slip function, and need to be accompanied by adults to strengthen care and avoid accidents;

2. The elderly should carry out reasonable physical exercise every day to improve bone strength and muscle endurance, which can reduce the degree of injury when falling;

3. Regular physical examination, early detection and early detection of aging diseases that affect the body (such as osteoporosis, degenerative arthritis, Parkinson's disease, etc.);

4. Strengthen dietary nutrition daily, maintain a balanced diet, and appropriately supplement vitamin D and calcium; Menopausal women should undergo hormone replacement** if necessary to enhance bone strength.

1. To strengthen muscle strength and balance training, the elderly can train at home, not necessarily to professional institutions.

2. Set up a safe living environment, such as bright lights, neatly placed items, and smooth roads for toilets and bathrooms.

3. Pay attention to the drugs of ** diseases, the superposition effect between drugs, and it is best to find a geriatrician for evaluation.

First, it's best to have someone around to take care of you. Second, if there is no manpower, in the room where the elderly are active, put away the angular items, the ground is clean and tidy, and it is best to be non-slip. Third, it is better for the elderly to be on crutches.

Exercise is an effective means of preventing falls. Reasonable exercise can improve physical performance, prevent bone loss, and strengthen ligaments.

In addition to non-slip shoes, cane assistance is important.

First of all, from the environmental point of view, it is necessary to keep the ground dry, and the items are fixed against the wall to ensure that the passage is free of obstacles; Safety signs should be placed on the floor floor cleaning or the elderly should be instructed not to walk for the time being.

Second, regarding walking, the elderly should wear non-slip shoes when walking, not slippers and high heels, the length of pants should be appropriate, guide walking against the handrail by the wall, use assistive devices when necessary, and hold the handrail when going up and down the stairs and taking the elevator.

Third, when using a bathing chair or toilet when bathing or using the toilet, you must fasten your seat belt and fix the brakes; Prepare the necessary materials before the operation, and do not leave the elderly halfway.

Fourth, bedside pagers, urinals and other commonly used items should be placed within reach of the elderly to facilitate the elderly to seek help and use.

Fifth, make more inspections, take the initiative to inquire about the relevant needs of the elderly and help solve them, and stop them in time if they find dangerous or inappropriate behaviors that cause falls.

Sixth, regularly inspect the protective equipment for the elderly (wheelchairs, crutches, walkers, toilet chairs, bed rails) and room facilities and equipment functions (toilets, chairs, tables, bidet chairs and handrails, etc.), and repair them in time if there is any abnormality.

First, wear non-slip shoes.

Second, avoid water on the ground in the home to prevent falls.

Third, under the care of family members, the balance of the elderly should be properly exercised, the flexibility of muscles should be increased, and the elderly should be prevented from falling.

Fourth, oral active vitamin D3 can increase muscle flexibility and reduce the probability of falls.

Fifth, appropriate calcium supplementation and more sun exposure to prevent osteoporosis.

Finally, if the elderly have falls, they should seek medical attention in time to check whether there is a fracture.

Ways to prevent falls in the elderly: 1. We should maintain enough light in our living environment, and try to keep the night light when sleeping at night, so that it is easier to get up at night. 2. If there is a guardrail next to the bed, try to pull it up when you rest and put it down when you get up.

Never climb over it. 3. Do not pile up sundries in places with frequent activities, and try to put items in the cabinet to keep the aisle unblocked. 4. Our daily necessities should be placed neatly, and daily necessities should be placed in a place that is easy to reach.

5. The ground should be kept clean, and water stains should be removed in time. 6. Wear appropriate clothing and pants, not too long to avoid tripping. 7. Wear non-slip shoes during activities.

Eighth, when you feel dizzy, or take medications such as diuretic, pain relief, blood pressure lowering, sleep well, blood sugar lowering, etc., you should get up slowly after getting up. You should sit on the edge of the bed for two to three minutes without feeling dizzy and then get up with the help of your family. Ninth, try to be accompanied by family members.

When you need help and an escort is not available, you can call a paramedic with a pager.