When did the dulcimer enter China

Dulcimer. It first appeared in the ancient kingdoms of Assyria and Persia in Western Asia, and flowed into China from 1368 to 1644. China has a history of more than 300 years from the emergence of the dulcimer to the present, and its shape has not changed significantly, and its main function is accompaniment.

At the same time, various schools of music appeared in the dulcimer in our country. For example, the ** style of Guangdong dulcimer is gorgeous and bright, and the representative work is the dulcimer solo song "Dry Day Thunder".

Inverted Curtains, etc.; The style of Sichuan dulcimer is rich and changeable, passionate and heroic; The ** style of the Northeast dulcimer is calm and tactful. The People's Republic of China was

Later, the art of dulcimer developed at a faster pace, and the changes of the times promoted the reform of the traditional dulcimer. The reformers of musical instruments innovated the traditional dulcimer, and initially created the small modulation dulcimer, large modulation dulcimer, etc., which is the basis for the formation of modern Chinese dulcimer. In addition, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, a number of professional colleges and universities have been established, which has promoted the sustainable development of Yangqin education to a certain extent.

Through the joint efforts of many outstanding folk dulcimer artists, the development space of the dulcimer in the future has been effectively expanded. So far, China's dulcimer culture has shown a new development characteristics, and a group of performers with unique performance styles and profound artistic accomplishments have emerged, inheriting and carrying forward China's dulcimer culture.

The dulcimer was originally an ancient Persian musical instrument. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, with the increasingly close friendly exchanges between China and West Asia, the dulcimer was introduced to China by sea from Persia and has lasted for more than 400 years.

Some people call the dulcimer.

Is it the ancestor of the piano, is the piano really made from the dulcimer?

1.The dulcimer, the same instrument as the piano. Although this instrument of Yang Qin can play national instruments.

But it is actually related to the piano, both of which are from Persia. The dulcimer is a commonly used stringed instrument.

The most striking feature is the high volume. When played slowly, the timbre is like a mountain spring; When played quickly, the timbre is like a murmuring water, and it was often used as a background by storytellers in ancient times**. Not only that, but the dulcimer can also be used as a solo, ensemble, or accompaniment to operas.

It can be said that its function is equivalent to that of a piano, and it is a very distinctive instrument! Although the dulcimer was introduced to China from other countries, it has become a Chinese musical instrument after more than 400 years of circulation and development.

is an indispensable one. He likes Cantonese opera, Teochew opera, Han opera, Min opera, Yue opera, and Shanghai opera.

Friends who are waiting for local dramas, if you listen carefully, you will hear the sound of the dulcimer accompaniment inside.

2.No matter what kind of configuration, the dulcimer will always sit in the middle like a star, and the proper folk band C will appear. The dulcimer is not only good-looking, but also not inferior in talent:

Can accompaniment, can be solo, proficient in eighteen kinds of martial arts. The dulcimer has a large volume, good resonance, and a long aftersound. The sound of its performance can be clearly transmitted to the ears of all those who play the instrument, and the sound can be transmitted very well.

It can be said that it played an important role as a "lead dancer". If you watch a performance by a folk orchestra, it's hard not to be amazed by the dulcimer, which exudes great charm with its highly ornamental performance and crisp tone.

3.The dulcimer and piano can be said to be a pair of "brothers who have not been seen for a long time". They are a pair of homologous instruments.

In the Ming Dynasty, a musical instrument in Persia and other regions, the "Santu Qin", after more than 400 years of evolution, was introduced to China and became the current dulcimer, and the "Santu Qin", which spread to the West (Europe), became the predecessor of the piano. At present, the principle of piano sound is still "piano hammer" (dulcimer called qin bamboo) to strike the steel strings to make sound. It's just that the "hammer" is connected to the keyboard by a mechanical structure.

The dulcimer is also the all-round responsibility of the Chinese orchestra, and there is no contradiction with any instrumental accompaniment. Musical instruments that are often used for accompaniment such as pipa and erhu.

and so on have to be adjusted according to the situation, while the dulcimer does not have this problem, and can play an all-round role appropriately.

The piano is a keyboard instrument, out of the pot to pull the belly, striking the strings, invented by the Italian Christopelli, although its pronunciation is similar to the dulcimer, but the piano is not made according to the dulcimer.

Of course, these two instruments are Chinese folk instruments of the same origin, and the sound methods are particularly similar.

There is this possibility, after all, both are instruments of the same lineage, so it is very likely that they evolved according to the dulcimer.

Summary. The influence of the dulcimer on China.

Liu Yue Lu Xiaoning said: "The establishment of the Asian Yangqin Association is to build a platform for all those who love the dulcimer to show themselves, share the beauty of the dulcimer, and make progress together." The Pihuai Asian Yangqin Association is in line with the development trend of the world's burning friends, and builds a platform for the integration and development of the dulcimer family, and then leads Asian dulcimer artists to internationalization.

It is hoped that the establishment of the association will become the starting point for the development of the Asian dulcimer to a new stage."

The establishment of such a new platform is of great significance to the development of the Chinese nation, further enhancing the international influence of Chinese folk music, and making the dulcimer art continue to deepen and internationalize. ”

The dulcimer is a world musical instrument, with four major systems in Iran, India, Europe and China, three of which are in Asia, so the establishment of the Asian Yangqin Association is a very meaningful one. In the future, we should look at the world, based on Asia, Huipengdou absorbs the advantages of the world's music in front of the music, is inclusive, and learns from each other's strengths, so that the art of dulcimer is more rich in connotation and diversified in form.

Answer: As a kind of percussion instrument commonly used by the Chinese nation, the dulcimer is of the same origin as the piano, and the timbre has distinctive characteristics, the volume is grand, and the rigidity and softness are combined; When played slowly, the timbre is like a mountain spring that tinkles, and when played fast, the timbre is like gurgling water. The timbre is bright, as crisp as a big bead and a small bead falling on a jade plate.

It is extremely expressive, can be played solo, ensemble or accompanied by piano books, rap and opera, and often plays the role of "piano accompaniment" in folk instrumental ensembles and folk bands, and is an indispensable main instrument.

The selection of dulcimer is mainly from four aspects:

1. Feel: smooth when stroked, elastic when playing.

2. Sound quality: the bass area to the treble area is connected up and down, and the balance is unified.

Third, the workmanship of sycamore wood is better, the paint is bright, and the production is exquisite.

4. Parts: no defects, no scratches in appearance, good stability.

The dulcimer is an ancient Persian instrument that became popular in Europe in the 14th century. It was introduced to China in the eighth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, and was first popular in the coastal areas of Guangdong, and later spread to the mainland. Through the continuous improvement of generations of artists, it has become a Chinese musical instrument with unique Chinese artistic characteristics.

Traditional dulcimers have "eight tones" (f-c2, true tone 24 tones), "double ten shapes" (d1-d3, true tone 30 tones) and "double twelve shapes" (c-e3, true tone 36 tones). There are defects such as narrow vocal range, low volume, difficult tuning and inability to transfer, and the expressiveness is limited.

After the 50s of the 20th century, the first family and the instrument manufacturer worked closely together, and on the basis of retaining the tradition and the "five horizontal and two vertical" phonemes, three improved dulcimers were developed: the transposition yangqin. It is transformed by changing the color relationship on the scale.

There are "large and small adjustable dulcimer", "turntable adjustable dulcimer", "key adjustable dulcimer", "401 type dulcimer", "401 improved dulcimer", "butterfly dulcimer" and so on.

There are twelve dulcimers of equal temperament. It is modulated using semitones in the rhythm of tones. There are "Lili Da Yangqin", "501 Yangqin", "Red Flag 12 Rhyme Yangqin", "81 Yangqin" and "Quanyun Da Yangqin".

Dulcimer. It converts vibrating sound waves into signals through pickups, beautifies the tone through amplifiers, and sound is emitted by speakers. There are "electric dulcimer" and "multiple electric dulcimer".

At the same time, <> has successively developed "plucked stopper", "silver dulcimer winding string", "new dulcimer brass string", "dulcimer multi-functional sports mallet", "sliding finger sleeve", Xianglong series of new monophonic piano, and sound piano Hi, portable high-grade piano case. Among the above-mentioned dulcimers, except for the electric dulcimer as a characteristic instrument, the other dulcimers have the advantages of wide vocal range, beautiful sound quality, large sound, fast tuning, and convenient modulation of different degrees. After repeated practice, the "401 dulcimer" and its improved type and the "501 dulcimer" have been widely used in the art academies of Chinese literary and art groups.

Hongqi dulcimer, Bayi dulcimer, and butterfly dulcimer have also taken root in some provinces and cities. From the shape, structure, timbre to production process, the Chinese dulcimer has gradually entered the track of scientific standardization, and is becoming more and more perfect.

The Yangqin is a very old musical instrument that first appeared in medieval Europe. It is the ancestor of the European clavichord, the satare. It has a very long history.

The dulcimer was introduced to China from Persia in the Ming Dynasty and is of the same sect as the piano. The first piano was invented in Germany in 1709. The dulcimer is a commonly used percussion instrument in China, which is the same as the piano.

The dulcimer is not considered the "ancestor" of the piano, but the two are homologous instruments and are similar to a certain extent. The dulcimer first appeared in Persia, became popular in Europe in the 14th century, and was introduced to China during the Ming Dynasty.

The yang qin first began to appear in medieval Europe, when it was already popular, and it was continuously developed. Became the predecessor of the piano.

1. What kind of instrument is the dulcimer.

1. The dulcimer is a percussion instrument. The dulcimer was introduced to our country during the Ming Dynasty, and then spread in China, the timbre of the dulcimer is very chic, but many times it has a little more delicateness, and it can't support the position of the protagonist, so many times the dulcimer is an indispensable supporting role.

2. The dulcimer also has a history of hundreds of years in our country, and there are always some skilled craftsmen who will shape them more perfectly, so that their types can be subdivided, and now they are divided into the following four types: turntable rotation dulcimer, zheng dulcimer, full-rhythm live horse dulcimer and electric dulcimer. their sounds.

Even the way you play it will be a little different.

3. The dulcimer is played in the game, to learn to "borrow force to make force", that is, to use the big arm to drive the small arm and then send out the strength, and most musical instruments, when playing, to sit upright, head high, sitting posture is not right, the sound that pops up will also have a gap, a fine instrument of the dulcimer, to learn to slowly understand its timbre.

Second, how old is the dulcimer to learn best.

5 years old. The dulcimer was introduced from Persia at the end of the Ming Dynasty and was originally used to accompany quyi. At present, the dulcimer is an indispensable percussion instrument in Chinese national bands, and it is the same as the piano.

The timbre is very distinctive, suitable for solo or participation in national orchestra ensembles, and often plays the role of "piano accompaniment" in folk instrumental ensembles and national bands.

In the process of learning the dulcimer, through long-term training of fingers, children can be made more intelligent; The dulcimer emphasizes the coordination of both hands, and the left and right hands should have a certain degree of coordination, which can play a role in developing the left and right brains.

In the learning process, it is necessary to continuously strengthen the training of fingers and wrists, which may be difficult at the beginning, and will feel easier when the child adapts to the learning of the dulcimer. The size of the dulcimer is also relatively large, which has certain requirements for the space for learning, and it is not particularly convenient to play alone.

In the process of learning the dulcimer, we should also pay attention to cultivating our ability to read music and try to play. That is, the eyes and brain go in front of the hands. Adolescent learners tend to glance at sheet music and play a melody, and it is common for them to have difficulty notating.

This is caused by the low ability to read music and try to play. Therefore, it is necessary to exercise and cultivate consciously when practicing.

When this measure is played, the eyes and brain are already looking and reacting to the next measure or even the next few measures. In the long run, the ability to read music and try to play will grow quickly, and memorizing music will become a breeze, so that you can focus more on breaking through technical difficulties and improving your expressiveness.

The dulcimer, also known as the yangqin, the playing qin, the percussion qin, the steel wire qin, the butterfly qin, etc., is a relatively common percussion string instrument in China. According to historical records, the dulcimer was originally a popular musical instrument in Persia and Arabia, and was called "Santur". About the end of the Ming Dynasty, with the close exchanges between China and West Asian countries, it spread to the south of China by sea, and was initially only popular in Guangdong.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, when China's rap was mature and the art of opera was developed, the dulcimer gradually became the main accompaniment instrument for opera and rap. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, many forms of folk instrumental music began to rise as independent music, and the dulcimer became one of the main musical instruments for playing Guangdong**, Jiangnan Sizhu and Shandong Qinshu. In the process, the dulcimer has gradually integrated into China's traditional culture and become our national musical instrument.

From the 20th to the 40s of the 20th century, the dulcimer solo art began to be a precedent, and gradually formed a traditional dulcimer school with folk characteristics, among which the four major schools with a high level of development and great influence are the Guangdong ** dulcimer, the Jiangnan silk and bamboo dulcimer, the Sichuan dulcimer and the Northeast dulcimer.

According to historical records, before the Middle Ages, in Assyria, Persia and other countries in the Middle East, a kind of santur was popular. It has trapezoidal or rectangular cases, with dozens of steel strings stretched out on the panel, and a horse at 2 3 of the strings, so that each string produces two notes of a fifth. This kind of santur is still circulating in Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Central Asia and India.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, with the increasingly close friendly exchanges between China and West Asia. The dulcimer was introduced to China by sea from Persia, and was initially only popular in Guangdong, and then gradually spread to Fujian, Zhejiang, Jianghuai and the Central Plains, joining the ranks of rapping and local opera accompaniment. The dulcimer is mostly used as the main accompaniment instrument in the qin books in various places, such as Shandong Qinshu, Xuzhou Qinshu, Anhui Qinshu, Guangxi Wenchang, Guizhou Wenqin, Sichuan Yangqin and Yunnan Yangqin.

In local operas such as Cantonese opera, Teochew opera, Han opera, Min opera, Yue opera and Shanghai opera, the dulcimer is also used as an accompaniment instrument.

The above is a relatively common view about the dulcimer**, but some people believe that the dulcimer was introduced to our country by land. For example, Zhou Jingbao's "Muqam Exploration" contains: "In the past, people believed that the dulcimer was introduced from the sea through the coastal area in the Ming Dynasty.

In fact, it is a musical instrument of the Persians, which has long been introduced to the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains, and it is likely that it was introduced to the mainland from Xinjiang, and this musical instrument has been inherited by the Uyghurs. ”

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, many forms of folk instrumental music emerged as independent music, and the dulcimer became one of the main musical instruments of Guangdong, Jiangnan Sizhu and Shandong Qinqu. The dulcimer has been circulating and evolving in China for nearly 400 years. Whether in the production of musical instruments, the art of performance or the creation of music, they all have the traditional characteristics and national style of our country, and combined with the folk music of various places, a number of genres with outstanding local and musical characteristics have been formed.