After the vernal equinox, what crops can be grown in rural fields?

In our local villages, the planting time of film-covered peanuts was originally after the Qingming Festival, as long as the soil moisture is suitable, they will be sown in the ground. Later, in the long-term planting process, it was found that the spring in the north is prone to cold spring, high and low temperatures, and peanuts are easy to rot. Later, it was postponed to April 20 of the solar calendar to May Day, which is the best time to plant mulched peanuts.

The open-air peanut planting is after May Day, after the ground temperature is completely raised, it can be sown in the ground.

In previous years, the planting time of spring corn was after May Day. In recent years, the Jiaodong Peninsula is prone to dry weather. The sowing time of spring maize has been appropriately postponed to mid-May according to the moisture in the field.

The sowing of millet is in the valley rain solar term, and the millet is sown in the field during this time period, which is the time when the rainfall is sufficient, which is suitable for the growth of cereal crops.

The time for planting spring soybeans is after the Qingming Festival, and the agricultural proverb "before and after the Qingming Festival, plant melons and beans" often recited by the elderly in rural areas refers to the planting of this time period from early April to mid-April. Our local planting habits, suitable for machine sowing and harvesting, are mainly corn, peanuts and wheat, only small plots in the corners, large machinery can not be operated, soybeans will be planted. Such a small plot of land can not keep up with the watering and irrigation conditions, so it can only rely on the weather for food, so the planting date will be appropriately adjusted and postponed according to the rainfall.

When sorghum was in the production team, it was also the main crop in our local villages. Because in the past, sorghum straw was needed to build houses and tie bottles in rural areas. When the boys of any family grow up, when they need to build a house, they will plant sorghum of one acre or two acres of land.

Later, due to low yields, the sorghum straw used by farmers to build their houses was changed to other materials. As a result, the number of farmers growing sorghum has gradually decreased, and now only one or two furrows are planted at the edge of the field or by the canal, which is used to tie a broom or a broom. Sorghum is planted in our local area, which is a single-season planting, which is generally sown in late April and can be harvested and matured in late August.

In short, in our local villages on the Jiaodong Peninsula, the crops that can be planted in the rural fields after the spring equinox are peanuts, spring corn, sorghum, millet, spring soybeans and so on. Due to the vast territory of our country, the geographical location of all parts of the country is different, the climatic conditions must be different, and the sowing time is also appropriately adjusted according to local conditions. Therefore, the sowing time should still be based on the actual local conditions and climatic conditions.

Wheat should be planted before and after the spring equinox, and at this time, it is necessary to take advantage of the weather, water the water and apply jointing fertilizer, and strengthen the management of wheat in the spring field.

Intercropping refers to the cultivation of different kinds of crops in different proportions on the same land. Intercropping is the use of the principle of spatial structure of the community, making full use of light, space and time resources to increase crop yield. Intercropping refers to the planting of different types of crops on the same plot of land according to a certain row spacing, plant spacing and width-to-width ratio.

Intercropping is an agricultural production method developed for the purpose of making full use of space and resources by using the principle of spatial structure of the community, which can also be called three-dimensional agriculture. Generally, several crops are sown at the same time with the same planting, and the sowing at different times is called interplanting.

Intercropping can reasonably allocate crop groups and make crops grow in stratified rows, which is helpful to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of crops, improve the utilization rate of light energy, and give full play to the role of marginal rows in increasing yield. According to the survey of 7-foot belt set farming, the number of ears per mu was 270,000 and 10,000, the number of grains per spike was 36 and grains, the 1000-grain weight was grams and 41 grams, and the yield per mu was 804 kg and 528 kg, respectively. The yield per mu is more than 10,000 ears, multiple ears and grains, and the weight of 1000 grains is high, and the yield per mu is 276 kg, and the yield is increased.

At the same time, the field structure was adjusted after intercropping, and the light consumption on the top surface of the monocropping became layered and time-sharing alternately, which improved the utilization efficiency of light energy. Intercropping tends to be an intercropping of tall and dwarf crops, such as corn intercropping with soybeans or vegetables.

Intercropping can be densely planted with tall stubble, making full use of the marginal effect to obtain high yield, and dwarf stubble is less affected. Overall, due to good ventilation and light transmission, light energy and CO2 can be fully utilized, and the yield can be increased by about 20%. Among them, the smaller the number of rows of tall crops and the more rows of short crops, the better the intercropping effect.

Generally, 2 rows of high stubble, 4 rows of short stubble are called 2: 4, and 4: 6 or 4:

4。The intercropping ratio can be determined on a case-by-case basis. However, in the intercropping process, there is often fierce competition between different crops for sunlight, water and nutrients.

Therefore, it is helpful to reasonably match crops with different plant types and different growth periods, and arrange planting row spacing of different widths in the field.

It refers to the planting method of rotating different crops or multiple cropping combinations in the order of seasons and years on the same field. For example, the annual three-year rotation of soybean, wheat and corn is a single-season rotation that takes place throughout the year; In the case of multi-cropping in one year, there is both a round a year and a change of one crop a year, such as green manure-rice-rice, rape-rice, wheat-rice-rice rotation in the south, there are different multi-cropping patterns, so it is also called multi-cropping rotation. Crop rotation is a combination of land and tillage, because different crops have slightly different root depths and soil nutrients absorbed, so crop rotation is conducive to the balanced use of soil nutrients; In addition, different crops have different pests and diseases, so crop rotation can prevent diseases, insects, and weeds.

Therefore, crop rotation is not only conducive to the balanced utilization of soil nutrients and the control of pests and diseases, but also can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and regulate soil fertility.

Intercropping, crop rotation and intercropping are all planting methods that effectively use land resources, and intercropping is a planting method that makes the growth period of two different crops partially staggered according to the different growth periods of different crops; Crop rotation is a planting method in which two or more crops are planted in a field in turn according to their growth characteristics, so as to avoid the land being idle; Intercropping is the crops that grow at the same time due to their differences in plants, such as different heights, different light-loving characteristics, etc., these crops are planted at intervals in the same field, so as to improve land utilization and increase the output value of agricultural products.

Intercropping, crop rotation, and intercropping are all planting methods that make effective use of land resources. Intercropping is a planting method that partially staggers the growth period of two different crops according to the different growth periods of different crops; Crop rotation is a planting method in which two or more crops are planted sequentially on a piece of land according to the growth characteristics of the crop to avoid the land being idle.

Intercropping is intercropping, one crop field, interplanting another crop, crop rotation is harvesting one crop, and then planting another crop, the set is to set two crops in the same field.

Spring: green beans, tomatoes, cucumbers, pumpkins, loofahs, eggplants, lentils, sword beans, cowpeas Summer: radish, cabbage, carrots, but also eggplant, cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, loofahs, water spinach, seaweed, celery, etc.

Autumn: cabbage and white radish, but also cowpeas and oil beans, spinach, coriander, Hubei red cabbage, Chinese cabbage, celery, autumn eggplant, chrysanthemum, lettuce.

Winter: Chinese cabbage, baby cabbage, spinach, cabbage, cauliflower.

However, it is still necessary to look at latitude, climate, water and soil.

In the spring, the fields are planted with bok choy, bok choy, cabbage, cauliflower, cabbage and much more. In the summer, the fields are planted with cabbage, carrots, turnips, eggplants, cucumbers and much more. In autumn, the fields are planted with cabbage, white radish, oil beans, spinach, coriander and many more.

In winter, the fields are planted with Chinese cabbage, baby cabbage, spinach, cauliflower, cabbage and so on.

In spring there are beans, tomatoes.

Summer has radish, cabbage.

Autumn has spinach and coriander.

In winter there are cauliflowers, cabbage.

1. Leeks like cold and cool, have strong adaptation to the environment, and can be sown in late March every year. 2. Cabbage, native to Northeast China, is suitable for growing in the cold season. 3. Spinach, with strong cold resistance, is suitable for planting around the spring equinox every year.

4. Pepper is a perennial herbaceous plant with a height of 40-80 cm. 5. Cucumbers can be planted in spring every year.

1. Leeks

Leeks have strong cold tolerance, it is suitable for growing in a cool environment, when breeding leeks, you need to choose to sow in late March every year, you can provide rich organic matter soil for leeks before serving, and then apply well-rotted organic fertilizer to the soil as a base fertilizer to promote the vigorous growth of leeks.

2. Cabbage

Cabbage is native to the Northeast region, is a cold-tolerant vegetable, suitable for growing in the cold season, can be planted around the spring equinox every year, when breeding cabbage, you need to choose a variety with strong stress resistance and high yield, and then put the seeds into warm water to soak for 30 minutes for disinfection, improve the germination rate of cabbage.

3. Spinach

Spinach does not have high requirements for the soil, when breeding spinach, it is best to plant in the spring of 2-3 months of the old lease, when breeding spinach, it is necessary to apply thin manure water for it during the seedling period, so that the growth rate of spinach is accelerated, and before the spinach is harvested, it is necessary to postpone fertilization, so as not to cause fertilizer damage to the plant.

4. Chili peppers

Pepper is a perennial herbaceous plant with a height of 40-80 cm, suitable for growing in soil rich in humus, when planting pepper, it is necessary to cover the soil with a layer of film after sowing to increase the temperature of the soil, which is conducive to the rapid germination of pepper.

The crops suitable for planting in the <> spring equinox are tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, eggplants, leeks, green onions, spring radish, carrots, spring peanuts, sweet potatoes, potato balls, cabbage, cabbage, celery, beans, loofah, winter melon, spinach, lettuce, lettuce, chrysanthemum, fennel, early rice, cotton, etc. Vegetables such as tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers in spring greenhouses should be planted when the "cold tail is warm".

1. What crops are planted on the vernal equinox

1. The crops suitable for planting in the spring equinox are tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, eggplants, watermelons, leeks, green onions, spring radish, carrots, cabbage, cabbage, celery, beans, loofah, winter melon, spinach, lettuce, lettuce, chrysanthemum, fennel, early rice, cotton, soybeans, spring corn, spring peanuts, sweet potatoes, potatoes, etc. It is necessary to take into account the actual climatic conditions of the year (temperature, humidity, etc.).

2. Temperature-loving vegetables such as tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers and other temperature-loving vegetables in spring greenhouses should be planted when the "cold tail is warm", which can effectively improve the seedling emergence rate. Tomatoes, eggplants and other nightshade crops are generally planted when the ground temperature of 10cm is stable above 13. Cucumbers, winter melons and other melon crops are generally planted when the ground temperature of 10cm is stable above 15.

3. For cabbage vegetables such as open cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, lettuce, etc., do a good job of low-temperature seedling refining about 5-7 days before planting.

4. Leaves and root vegetables such as cherry radish, water radish, chrysanthemum, fennel, spinach, etc., when sowing, the bottom fertilizer is selected to be rotted and high-quality organic fertilizer, and the sowing method is selected as strip sowing or sprinkling.

Second, the characteristics of the vernal equinox

1. The vernal equinox is the fourth solar term in the 24 solar terms, the specific time is from March 19 to March 22 of the Gregorian calendar every year, when the sun directly hits the equator, the length of day and night is almost equal, and then the direct position of the sun gradually moves to the north, becoming the northern hemisphere day length and night short, the southern hemisphere day is short and the night is long.

2. At the time of the vernal equinox, except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Northeast, the Northwest and the northern part of North China, most of the other regions of China have entered spring, and except for the mountainous areas with higher altitudes and the areas north of 45 ° north latitude, the average daily temperature in all parts of China has stabilized above Jane 0, and even reached more than 10 in the south.

3. After the vernal equinox, the temperature rises significantly, and the precipitation gradually increases.

The crops suitable for planting in the <> equinox are cucumbers, tomatoes, lettuce, leeks, spinach, etc. Taking cucumber as an example, cucumber is very suitable for planting in spring, with a large temperature difference between day and night in spring and a short sunlight exposure time, which is conducive to the growth and development of cucumber. After cucumber planting, the temperature gradually rises in May and June, and this time period is also the most suitable time for cucumber flowering and fruiting.

1. Cucumbers

Cucumbers are more suitable for planting in spring, because the temperature difference between day and night in spring is large, and the sunlight exposure time is short, which is very conducive to the growth and development of cucumbers. After the cucumber is planted, the temperature will begin to gradually rise in May and June, and this time period is the most suitable time for cucumber flowering and fruiting. Before planting cucumbers, it is necessary to choose sandy loam soil rich in organic matter, good drainage and stickiness, and cultivate early development of Zhuang Wei or seedlings before planting, which can improve the survival rate and growth rate of cucumbers in spring.

2. Tomatoes

Before planting tomatoes, be sure to soak the seeds first, which can improve the speed of seed germination. After sowing, it should be covered with fine soil sieved with a sieve, and then the bactericidal drug should be evenly sprinkled on the fine soil, which can prevent the seedlings from breaking. Tomatoes are drought tolerant but not waterlogging, so it is important to choose a loose soil with strong water and fertility retention when planting.

3. Lettuce

Lettuce prefers a cold environment, so after the vernal equinox is the best time to grow lettuce. Lettuce does not need to be treated at low temperature before sowing, it can be soaked and put in the refrigerator to germinate, and the white buds can be sown until the white buds are revealed. Lettuce requires a large amount of fertilizer, so a large amount of organic fertilizer must be applied as base fertilizer before planting.

Fourth, leeks

Leeks are very suitable to start planting after the spring equinox, leeks are fast-growing crops, basically they can grow in ten days, and they can grow quickly after being cut. In the spring, leeks are also used more to a large extent, such as making dumplings and stuffing for buns, so the profits of growing leeks are still considerable.

5. Spinach

Spinach is also more suitable for planting after the spring equinox, it grows very quickly, and the harvest is very soon after planting. When planting spinach, it should be noted that it must be planted on soil rich in organic matter and with good drainage, which is conducive to its growth, and it should be watered with an appropriate amount of water after planting.