How can diabetes complications damage the brain?

One of the more common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus is chronic cerebral insufficiency, which is very damaging to the brain.

It is recommended that you observe whether you have symptoms such as poor sleep, dizziness or memory loss, if so, then it may be chronic cerebral insufficiency, and you have to quickly correct the problem of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Because long-term, chronic cerebral insufficiency can cause persistent sleep disturbances, which can worsen diabetes.

You can try to improve the brain ischemia and hypoxia and improve sleep. It is not just about promoting sleep, but about getting a more natural fall asleep, more deep sleep, and higher sleep quality by regulating the sleep rhythm of the body's biological clock. In addition, it replenishes blood and qi to the brain, and maintains this effect by promoting blood circulation throughout the body, especially during sleep.

If diabetes is not well controlled for a long time, there are two aspects to the brain damage: one is to lead to cerebral atherosclerosis, resulting in hemorrhagic stroke or ischemic stroke. The other is Alzheimer's disease, which leads to Alzheimer's disease.

Diabetes thickens the blood in the blood vessels throughout the body, and the same is true for the blood vessels in the brain, which increases the risk of cerebral infarction.

If diabetes is not well controlled, it may lead to cerebral infarction.

Where there is poverty, there is suffering.

Type 2 diabetes medications.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease, which will cause many complications and diseases, the most common is cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, as representatives of diabetic macrovascular complications, many patients will exist, such as coronary heart disease, angina, stroke, such diseases are very common. There are also diabetic microvascular complications, which represent diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy, especially diabetic nephropathy, which will have a great impact on the quality of life of patients. Because if the patient's condition is not well controlled, it is easy to enter the stage of uremia, and the patient's quality of life will be greatly affected.

Other diseases include diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic autonomic neuropathy, as well as diabetic peripheral vascular disease and diabetic foot, so for diabetic patients, the most critical principle for blood sugar control, in addition to improving symptoms, is to prevent complications.

The complications of diabetes can be divided into five areas:

1.Cardiovascular disease: including microangiopathy on the heart and large vessels, myocardial disease, cardiac autonomic neuropathy, causing the primary cause of death in diabetic patients**.

2.Cerebrovascular disease: refers to intracranial macrovascular and microvascular lesions caused by diabetes mellitus, which are mainly manifested as cerebral arteriosclerosis, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral atrophy, etc.

3.Renal vascular disease: the main symptom is diabetic nephropathy, which is one of the most important comorbidities in diabetic patients.

4.Arterial lesions of the lower extremities: mainly manifested as diabetic foot.

5.Fundus microangiopathy: the main manifestation is diabetic retinopathy, which is the most important manifestation of diabetic microangiopathy.

Hello, diabetes complications are a common chronic complication, which is transformed from diabetic lesions, so the disease of diabetes itself is not terrible, but the complications are particularly terrible, which may lead to foot disease, kidney disease (kidney failure, uremia), eye disease (such as blindness), encephalopathy, heart disease, etc. are the most common complications of diabetes and are the main factors leading to death in diabetic patients. If you control your blood sugar well, you will reduce the occurrence of complications.

Diabetic patients are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, and are highly susceptible to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Diabetic heart disease usually refers to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and heart rhythm and cardiac dysfunction caused by microangiopathy and autonomic nerve dysfunction in diabetic patients.

Patients with diabetes are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and are very susceptible to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Diabetic heart usually refers to coronary atherosclerotic heart, diabetic myocardium, arrhythmias caused by microvascular changes, autonomic dysfunction, etc.

Diabetic foot, the foot is a complex target organ of diabetes, a multisystem disease, and diabetic patients due to peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease combined with excessive mechanical pressure, can cause the destruction of the soft tissues and osteoarticular system of the foot.

First of all, the central nervous system lesions will accelerate brain aging and lead to Alzheimer's disease. Secondly, autonomic neuropathy can affect the regulation of multiple viscera, such as diarrhea, constipation, gastroparesis, hypotension, tachycardia, and even urinary incontinence. Then peripheral neuropathy can cause pain to disappear, and even recurrent itching and tingling sensations, paresthesias.

Finally, diabetic retinopathy can lead to gradual vision loss and even blindness. To the most severe extent, it can cause kidney disease, leading to kidney failure.

Diabetes is not terrible, it is terrible as a complication, it can cause cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, it must be taken seriously, blood sugar is controlled, and it can also cause retinopathy and kidney disease.

Diabetes is not terrible, what I am afraid of is the complications of diabetes, for example, the complications of urine disease: heart disease, kidney failure can be at any time, take people's lives, and may amputate limbs, and may not be able to see clearly, cut-off and eyes can not see, although it can not take people's lives, but make people unable to take care of themselves, diabetes complications are very powerful, so we should strengthen exercise, reasonable diet, to prevent the occurrence of diabetes.

Complications of diabetes are divided into two categories: acute and chronic. At present, chronic complications of diabetes mellitus are the main cause of disability and death of diabetes, and its chronic complications mainly include macrovascular and microvascular complications. Macrovascular complications predominantly cause cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, and diabetic foot, while microvascular complications, diabetic nephropathy, and eventually renal failure can occur.

Diabetic fundus lesions are one of the important causes of blindness in diabetic patients.

The complications of diabetes are all over the body and are very harmful to the human body. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of non-traumatic blindness among chronic complications. Diabetic nephropathy can lead to uremia, which is caused by diabetes in 40% of uremia patients.

In addition, diabetic peripheral vascular and peripheral neuropathy, induced by infection, is also prone to diabetic foot, which accounts for more than half of non-traumatic amputation patients. Acute complications of diabetes, including lactic acidosis, hypoglycemic reactions, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, diabetic ketoacidosis, can be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, once diabetes is diagnosed, blood sugar should be controlled within the normal range.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia, and the complications of diabetes mellitus are divided into macrovascular lesions and microangiopathic lesions.

1.Macrovascular disease in chronic complications refers to the so-called endpoint events, that is, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, etc., if these endpoint events occur, they will be life-threatening, so the complications are very serious.

2.Microangiopathy of diabetes is actually very serious, such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy, currently 40% of non-traumatic blindness, comes from diabetes.

In the current survey, 50%-60% of dialysis patients are diabetic. This shows how serious the complications of diabetes are.

Common diabetic complications include ocular complications, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular complications, cerebrovascular complications, diabetic foot, etc. Henan Lebang.

Diabetic nephropathy can be divided into five stages according to the course of the disease and the course of pathophysiological evolution.

1. Macrovascular lesions: there will be cardiac lesions, cerebrovascular lesions, and severe patients will have myocardial infarction or even cerebral infarction, which will affect the quality of life of patients and even endanger life.

2. Microangiopathy: diabetic retinopathy will occur, blurred vision and decreased vision will occur in the early stage, and retinal detachment and even blindness will occur in the late stage.

3. Kidney disease: diabetic nephropathy may occur, which will cause a large amount of protein to leak out with urine, thereby causing edema of both lower limbs and face. Advanced stage can even lead to renal insufficiency and even the appearance of kidney failure.

4. Peripheral vascular lesions: It will lead to the occurrence of diabetic foot, which may cause gangrene, and in severe cases, it will lead to amputation, and even life-threatening.

5. Peripheral neuropathy: symptoms such as numbness, coldness, and pain at the ends of the limbs will occur.

1. Harm to the kidneys.

Because of hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, glomerular microcirculatory filtration pressure is abnormally increased, which promotes the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy. Proteinuria and edema in the early stage and renal failure in the late stage are the main causes of death from diabetes.

2. Harm to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular concomitant symptoms are fatal concomitant symptoms of diabetes. It is mainly manifested in aorta, coronary artery, cerebral atherosclerosis, as well as microvascular diabetic lesions with extensive endothelial hyperplasia of small vessels and thickening of the capillary basal membrane. The constriction and expansion of blood vessels are uncoordinated, platelets are cohesive, and lipids are deposited on the blood vessel wall, resulting in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperviscosity, and hypertension, resulting in an increase in the number of diabetic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and mortality.

3. Harm to peripheral blood vessels.

Mainly atherosclerosis of the lower limbs, diabetic patients due to the increase in blood sugar, can cause peripheral vascular lesions, resulting in the reduction of the sensitivity of local tissues to injury factors and insufficient blood perfusion, when external factors damage local tissues or local infections are more likely to occur than the general population, the most common part of this danger is the foot, so it is called diabetic foot.

4. Harm to nerves.

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes and a leading cause of death and disability from diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy is most common with peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy, which is one of the harms of diabetes.

5. Harm to the eyes.

The hyperglycemic state of diabetes can damage the retinal blood vessels, resulting in vascular atresia and hypoxia of retinal tissue, resulting in a series of pathological changes in the retina, such as microangioma, edema, exudation, hemorrhage, neovascularization and vitreous proliferative lesions. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic cataract are the main manifestations of diabetes mellitus. In mild cases, vision loss can occur in diabetic patients, and in severe cases, blindness can occur.

This is also a harmful manifestation of diabetes.

6. Harm to substance metabolism.

The harm of diabetes mellitus to substance metabolism is mainly due to the relative or absolute lack of insulin in diabetic patients, which causes serious disorders of glucose metabolism, accelerated decomposition of fat and protein, large production of ketone bodies, tissue oxidation, lung and kidney are not timely regulated and excreted of ketone bodies, blood ketone concentration is significantly increased, ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma occur, the mortality rate is extremely high, and emergency treatment is required.

7. Acute concomitant symptoms.

The harm of diabetes also includes acute accompanying symptoms, urine disease and infection: the number of patients is high, and the two are cause and effect of each other, and they must be treated at the same time. Common infections include respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis, urinary tract infections, and ** infections.

The harm also lies in diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome: it mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, half of them have no history of diabetes, and the clinical manifestations include severe dehydration, and sometimes it can be misdiagnosed as a cerebrovascular accident due to clinical manifestations such as hemiplegia and coma, and the mortality rate is as high as 50%.

Diabetes brings us not only endless medications, injections, and blood sugar measurements, but also a Pandora's box, with more than 100 complications related to it!

Let's talk about it alone, a complication that will make diabetic patients blind - diabetic retinopathy, commonly known as "diabetic eye disease".

In diabetic patients, about 1 to 3 patients have diabetic retinopathy, and the longer the course of diabetes, the worse the control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids, the higher the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, and the greater the blindness rate.

According to the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, in 2020, 1 million people worldwide were blind due to diabetic retinopathy, and more than 3 million people had moderate to severe vision impairment.

Can diabetes control blood sugar give you peace of mind?

Not! Sugar reticulum is a rather "cunning" disease, often occurs quietly, a large number of patients do not have any symptoms in the early stage, but the retina has been quietly eroded by the high-sugar environment, resulting in a series of lesions.

At this time, the lesion has not yet invaded the macula, the most central area of our vision, so there is no significant decrease in the patient's vision.

Once the patient has obvious vision loss, it means that the lesion has been quite serious, and in the later stage of the disease, many patients will have a sudden sharp decline in vision or even loss of vision due to fundus hemorrhage and retinal detachment.

Let's take a look at how high the prevalence of sugar reticulum really is:

In patients with 10-year-old type 1 diabetes, about 80% of patients will develop glucose reticulum, and almost 100% of patients with more than 15 years of disease will develop sugar reticulum.

In patients with type 2 diabetes, about 15 patients develop glucose reticulum at the time of diagnosis, 55 percent of patients with 10 years of disease, and 70 percent of patients with more than 15 years of diabetes.

So, don't assume that you can rest easy with diabetes and blood sugar control.

For patients with type 1 diabetes: those diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before or during adolescence should begin to have their fundus examined after the age of 12 years, and those diagnosed with type 1 diabetes after puberty must have their first diabetic retinopathy screening within 5 years of their illness. Once screening is initiated, it is recommended to repeat it at least annually.

For people with type 2 diabetes: get your first comprehensive eye exam as soon as possible after diagnosis. If retinopathy is not detected at initial screening, it is recommended every 1 to 2 years, and if retinopathy is present, the interval between reviews should be shortened as recommended by an ophthalmologist.