What are the effects of high blood sugar during pregnancy on the baby?

There are two types of high blood sugar in pregnant women: one is high blood sugar that is detected for the first time during pregnancy, which is called gestational diabetes; Another situation is that I had diabetes and later found out that I was pregnant.

Effect on the babyHigh blood sugar in pregnant women can cause the baby to become macrosomia。Because the mother's blood sugar rises, the excess sugars will reach the baby's body through the placenta, and the baby is forced to store these excess nutrients, and these nutrients accumulated in the baby's body will cause the baby to gain significant weight and become macrosomia. Macrobosomia is prone to dystocia during deliveryWhen the mother's blood sugar is persistently high during pregnancy, the baby's lungs develop slowly and mature more slowly.

Because the mother's blood sugar level also increases, the baby's blood sugar level also increases, which can easily lead to slow lung maturation of the fetus, and the baby is prone to dyspnea syndrome after birth。In addition, the mother's high blood sugar during pregnancy is also prone to pregnancy-induced hypertension, polyhydramnios, infection, ketoacidosis, etc., which will affect the health and development of the baby.

If the control of high blood sugar is not idealIt may lead to an increased probability of perinatal adverse events in pregnant womenFor example, premature birth, miscarriage, gestational hypertension; The impact on the child may be caused by metabolic disorders in newborns and abnormal development of children.

The solution is during pregnancyIf you have high blood sugar, it's important to keep your blood sugar under control. If the mother has high blood sugar during pregnancy, it is likely to lead to fetal malformations or congenital diabetes. In the process of controlling blood sugar, try to avoid taking medications to control it.

First, you can pay more attention to eating more whole grains in your diet to avoid eating too fine and lacking nutrients.

IIEat more fresh vegetables and fruits, which are rich in a lot of vitamins, which have a good effect on fetal development and blood sugar control. 3. Eat more dietary fiber. Fourth, increase the protein of staple foods, and supplement with high-quality protein.

5. You can eat more vinegar and try to avoid foods with high sugar content. 6. When you can exercise, try to maintain proper exercise, exercise is of great benefit to both the mother and the fetus.

It may cause respiratory distress in the fetus and newborns, neonatal jaundice, hypoglycemia, and may also cause dystocia in pregnant mothers, neonatal ischemic and hypoxic encephalopathy, fractures, and diabetes during pregnancy.

On the large side. Premature birth. High blood sugar makes the baby larger and increases the risk of premature birth.

This condition will cause the baby's blood sugar to also rise, because there is too much sugar in the blood, and the baby will consume too much sugar.

The main effects of high blood sugar in pregnant women on the fetus are as follows: 1Fetal macrosomia occurs in 25% to 42%;

Fetal intrauterine growth restriction, which occurs in about 21% of patients, occurs in severe diabetes mellitus with vascular lesions, such as renal, retinal vascular lesions;

Miscarriage and preterm birth, high blood sugar in the first trimester of pregnancy can lead to abnormal embryonic development, and eventually lead to embryonic death and miscarriage; The incidence of preterm birth can reach 10% to 25%;

The incidence of fetal malformations was 6% to 8%, which was higher than that of non-diabetic pregnant women;

Delayed fetal lung maturation.

There are two conditions of high blood sugar during pregnancy, one is pregnancy on the basis of pre-existing diabetes; The other is diabetes mellitus that occurs during pregnancy due to normal glucose metabolism before pregnancy, which is called gestational diabetes. If you have diabetes before pregnancy, your blood sugar needs to be controlled before you can get pregnant; Blood glucose elevates after pregnancy, and close monitoring of blood glucose requires the involvement of an endocrinologist**.

There are many causes of high blood sugar, and it is important to know that high blood sugar not only affects the health of the mother, but also poses a serious harm to the growth and development of the next generation. What are the specific hazards? When I saw it, I was also shocked, high blood sugar had to be prevented!

In addition to causing infection, miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth, and polyhydramnios in pregnant women, diabetes can also cause a huge fetus due to high maternal blood sugar levels and excessive weight gain, which will lead to difficulties in childbirth and increase the probability of dystocia, surgical delivery, neonatal birth trauma, and postpartum hemorrhage. There are also other hazards:

1. Intrauterine malnutrition.

When the blood sugar is not well controlled, it may cause maternal metabolic disorders, protein metabolism in the body is often negative nitrogen balance, the fetus does not get enough nutrition in the womb, the internal organs are poorly developed, and the insulin secreted by the dysplastic pancreas only adapts to the intrauterine environment of low caloric energy, and the fetus often dies due to low weight at birth; Even if the fetus survives, it is highly susceptible to type 2 diabetes in adulthood.

2. Congenital malformations.

In the first 3 months of the mother's pregnancy, it is the development period of fetal organs, and maternal blood containing high nutrients can lead to early fetal intrauterine growth retardation and organ development malformations; In the second few months of pregnancy, it is the period of fetal brain cell formation and development, and maternal hyperinsulinemia and high nutrients (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, etc.) will cause the fetus's central nervous system development to be delayed, which may lead to changes in the fetus's intelligence, behavior and mental type; The 3 months after pregnancy is the proliferation and development period of fetal fat cells, muscle cells, pancreatic cells and neuroendocrine system.

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It may result in macrosomia or premature fetal birth. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy can cause the fetus to grow and develop too violently, resulting in macrosomia, while hyperglycemia in the later stages can lead to polyhydramnios, which may lead to premature birth.

The first is not conducive to the development of the fetus, the second can lead to premature birth, the third can lead to macrosomia, the fourth can lead to miscarriage, and the fifth can lead to fetal malformations.

The fetus becomes too large, the fetus becomes malformed, it is prone to premature birth, it is difficult to give birth, it may be miscarriage, and the fetus is restricted