The production process of blue and white porcelain in the Qing Dynasty, how to make blue and white p

Blue and white porcelain. The production process.

1: The purpose of kneading mud is to empty the bubbles in the mud, so as to further tighten the mud. If this process is missing, it is easy to have bubbles in the body, and if the body is too dry, it is easy to break and deform during firing.

Two: making blanks, traditional round ware blanks, that is, according to the final type of the body to make roughly the corresponding body, for the later production of blanks. Three:

Printing blanks, made rough blanks, after a certain period of natural shade drying (must be naturally dried under certain humidity and temperature conditions, not sun exposure. The body formed by the blank must be placed diagonally on the blank plate, not upright. The purpose of the blank is to make the hand-formed round ware achieve uniformity after firing.

Four: the billet is to finish the printed billet to make it further smooth and round. Five:

Dangli glaze, glaze is generally made of quartz, feldspar, clay, etc. The methods of ceramic glazing include: spraying, blowing, dipping, pouring, swinging and other methods.

The inner glaze (the glaze inside the utensil) and the bottom glaze (the glaze of the bottom foot of the utensil) are glazed by the traditional glaze method, and the outer glaze is impregnated glaze. Six: Paint the blank, swing the blank of the inner glaze, and enter the blank painting process.

Seven: apply the outer glaze, draw the finished porcelain blank, need to carry out the second glazing process. Eight:

Write the bottom paragraph and apply the bottom glaze. Nine: firing, it is necessary to place reasonably according to the structure size of the kiln body and the size of all the green bodies to be burned, and leave a reasonable fire flue, otherwise it will lead to firing failure.

Ten: open the kiln, after 12-18 hours of natural cooling, when the temperature in the kiln body drops to room temperature, the kiln can be opened.

The purpose of kneading mud is to empty the bubbles in the mud, so as to further tighten the mud. If this is missing.

2.Blank making Jingdezhen traditional round ware blank making, that is, according to the final type of the body to make roughly the corresponding blank, for the later production of the blank.

3.Blank The rough blank is dried in the natural shade after a certain period of time (it must be dried naturally under certain humidity and temperature conditions,..

4.Billet Billet is to finish the printed billet to make it further smooth and round.

First, knead the mud. The purpose is to empty the air bubbles in the mud and make the mud more compact.

Second, make blanks. The blank is made according to the final design of the instrument type to make the roughly corresponding blank body, for the later printing of the blank for use, the traditional process is mostly completed by manual drawing.

Third, the blank. The rough billet is made and dried in the natural shade after a certain period of time.

Fourth, glaze. For porcelain production, if there is no decoration in the vessel, it needs to be glazed first.

Fifth, draw blanks. If the blank with a good inner glaze is applied, you can enter the blank painting process.

Sixth, mixed water.

Seventh, the glaze. The porcelain embryo that has been painted and decorated is covered with a layer of glaze, and there are generally methods such as sticking glaze, brushing glaze, dipping glaze, and blowing glaze.

Eighth, firing kilns. The porcelain blanks to be fired are evenly distributed in the kiln body, which is called a full kiln.

Blue and white porcelain, also known as blue and white porcelain on white ground, often referred to as blue and white, is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain, belonging to underglaze colored porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, depicting ornamentation on the ceramic body, and then covering with a layer of transparent glaze, which is fired at one time by a high-temperature reduction flame. The cobalt material is blue after firing, and has the characteristics of strong tinting strength, bright color, high firing rate and stable color.

The process of making blue and white porcelain is as follows:

1. Knead the mud. The purpose of mud kneading is to empty the air bubbles in the mud, so as to further tighten the mud. If there is no such process of flushing sequence, it will be easy to appear bubbles in the body, and if the body is too dry, it is easy to break and deform during firing.

2. Make blanks. Jingdezhen traditional round ware blank making, that is, according to the final type of the body to make roughly the corresponding body, for the later production of blanks.

3. Printing blank. The finished rough blank can enter the printing process after a certain period of natural drying. The purpose of the blank is to make the hand-formed round ware achieve uniformity after firing.

After the body of the hand-drawn blank is naturally dried, the semi-dry body is placed on the earthen grinding tool and patted by hand, so that the body is evenly formed around the body.

4. Billet. The billet is to finish the printed billet to make it further smooth and round.

5. Dangli glaze.

For round ware production, if there is no decoration in the vessel, it needs to be glazed first. The glaze on the outside of the ware is the second dipping glaze in the later period. Glaze is a thin layer of glass attached to the surface of the ceramic body, which has similar physical and chemical properties to glass.

The glaze is generally made of quartz, feldspar, clay, etc.

6. Draw blanks. After swinging the inner glaze, you can enter the blank painting process. The blue and white material used in the painting blank needs to be ground and formulated for a long time in advance, and the code distribution is inseparable from each studio.

7. Apply outer glaze.

After the painting is completed, a second glazing process is required. At this time, the bottom foot of the cup has not yet been formed. The dipping method requires the master to have a comprehensive understanding and grasp of the body, glaze and what to expect from the porcelain.

The length of time the porcelain blank is immersed in glaze water directly affects the quality of the porcelain after firing.

8. Full kiln and firing kiln.

The porcelain blanks to be fired are evenly distributed in the kiln body, which is called a full kiln. When the kiln is full, it is necessary to place it reasonably according to the structure size of the kiln body and the size of all the green bodies to be burned, and leave a reasonable fire flue, otherwise it will affect the atmosphere in the kiln body during firing, resulting in firing failure.

9. Open the kiln. After 12-18 hours of natural cooling, when the temperature in the kiln body drops to normal temperature, the kiln can be opened. This is the most exciting part of the entire production process.

Blue and white porcelain. It is a kind of traditional ceramic production and forming process in Jingdezhen, its production is to rely on the pottery car to make a rough shape by hand, and then use the pottery fan to form a regular production, a large number of daily porcelain, the production process is as follows:

1. Refining the fetal soil.

Porcelain is made of porcelain clay, i.e. kaolin.

The natural porcelain clay contains more impurities, and most of the impurities need to be washed out to make the fired porcelain delicate and white.

2. Embryo making. The washed porcelain clay is made into various shapes, left for a period of time, and dried naturally. Then the semi-dry body is placed on the earthen grinding tool and patted by hand, so that the periphery of the body is evenly formed, and the printed body is further refined to make the surface of the body smooth and the shape of the instrument round.

3. Painting. After drying, use blue and white material on the surface of the porcelain.

Draw a pattern. 4. Cover glaze.

The porcelain embryo that has been painted and decorated is covered with a layer of glaze water, and there are generally methods such as sticking glaze, brushing glaze, dipping glaze, and blowing glaze.

5. Firing. When the glazed porcelain embryo is fired at a high temperature, the blue and white material under the glaze will show a beautiful blue color. If the blue and white material is not glazed on the outside, the decoration on the surface of the porcelain after firing will be brown instead of blue.