What does it mean to be a person who is angry, but also to be materialistic

It is neither objective idealism.

Nor is it subjective idealism, it is ancient naïve materialism.

Qi is a material entity that changes day by day, and "reason" (spirit) cannot exist without "qi". That is, spirit is dependent on matter, produced by matter, and without matter, spirit does not exist.

This is Wang Fuzhi.

The philosophical concept of "between heaven and earth, nothing is qi, that is, nothing is not reason", thinking that "qi" is a material entity, and "reason" is an objective law. For the relationship between "qi" and "reason", for the relationship between "dao" and "instrument".

He believes that "there are only tools in the world", "the way of the Taoist instrument", and "there is no way without its instrument". "Instrument" refers to concrete things, and "Tao" refers to abstract general principles and general principles. Only matter in the world exists objectively.

The first form of materialism. It holds that everything in the world is developed from some primordial material change, and everything can be reduced to these primordial substances. An attempt is made to find the unity of natural phenomena with infinite diversity in certain concrete tangible objects.

Naive materialism affirms the material nature and unity of the world.

However, due to the limitation of the level of understanding, it always regards a certain or specific material form as the material origin and unified material basis of the world. Such as ancient Greece.

Thales believed that all things were born from water and returned to water, and the ancient Chinese Five Elements Doctrine believed that gold, wood, water, fire, and earth.

are the five basic elements that generate all things. These are typical views of ancient naïve materialism.

From Wang Fuzhi, "Thinking and Asking for Directions. Inner Chapter", which means that spirit is dependent on matter, produced by matter, and without matter, spirit does not exist.

Absolute materialism, idealism that is material dependent on spirit, the representative figure Wang Shouren (Wang Yangming).

Wang Fuzhi's materialism is the pinnacle of the development of ancient Chinese materialist thought.

"Those who are angry are also based on reason" is the view of ancient naïve materialism. Note that "qi" refers to material things.

Materialism believes that matter is primordial, consciousness is derived, there is matter first and then consciousness, and matter determines consciousness, materialism is divided into ancient naïve materialism, modern metaphysical materialism, dialectical materialism and historical materialism.

Idealism holds that consciousness is primordial, matter depends on consciousness, and it is not matter that determines consciousness, but consciousness that determines matter. Idealism is divided into subjective idealism and objective idealism.

Those who are angry are also based on reason" and "without this qi, there is already this reason" belong to ancient naïve materialism and objective idealism respectively.

FromWang Fuzhi, "Thinking and Asking the Way".

About the Author:

Wang Fuzhi (October 7, 1619, February 18, 1692), known as "Mr. Chuanshan", was born in Hengyang County, Huguang (now Hengyang City, Hunan Province). Ming relics. Thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and Gu Yanwu.

Huang Zongxi and Tang Zhen are also known as the "Four Great Enlightenment Thinkers of the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties", and the son of the scholar Wang Chaopin.

In the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), he was admitted to show talent and organized "Xingshe" and "Kuangshe". In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, he took the township examination. Shunzhi.

In the early years, he took refuge in Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang.

Participated in the anti-Qing struggle. In March of the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1678), he refused to be Wu Sangui.

Write a persuasion form.

Materialism. "Those who are angry are also based on reason" is the view of ancient naïve materialism.

Those who emphasize the word "qi" in the theory of qi theory are generally considered to be the category of ancient naïve materialism. Its representative Wang Fuzhi once said, "Those who are angry are also based on reason".

"Qi" is the basis of "reason". Qi can be seen as matter, while Li is an objective spirit that recognizes the primacy of matter and the secondness of consciousness.

The form god said:

The emphasis on the word "form" in the theory of form and god is generally considered to belong to the view of ancient naïve materialism. Among them, the representative is Fan Zhen, who mentioned in his book "The Theory of Divine Annihilation" that "the form exists as the god exists, and the form as the thank you destroys the god".

"Form" refers to the human form, that is, matter, and "God" refers to the human spirit, that is, consciousness. When a person's body exists, his spirit exists, and when a person's body dies, his spirit also dies, which reflects the decisive role of matter on consciousness, and a person's body is also a kind of "physical object", so we believe that the theory of form and god generally belongs to the category of ancient naïve materialism.

The basis of reason is also materialism. The basis of the qi is also from the king's husband.

In a word, he believes that "qi" is a material entity, and "li" is an objective law; It is proposed that "the qi is the basis of reason", and the existence and occurrence of objective laws must depend on the entity and exist. It is neither objective idealism.

Nor is it subjective idealism, it is ancient naïve materialism.

The basic point of view of materialism is:

On the basic issues of philosophy, he advocates that matter is the first nature and spirit is the second nature.

There is matter first, and then there is consciousness, and matter determines consciousness. Matter is the origin of everything in the world, and spirit is the projection and reflection of matter. Matter does not depend on human consciousness to exist, and consciousness is the product of the long-term development of matter and its reflection in the human brain, or matter determines consciousness.

Materialism acknowledges that the world is knowable, but denies the existence of an all-knowing One (God). Materialism recognizes that the above argument contains contradictions, but does not try to resolve this contradiction, but admits it, believing that everything contains contradictions, and the more contradictions there are, the more real they are.

The basis of reason is also materialism. The basis of the qi is also from the king's husband.

In a word, he believes that "qi" is a material entity, and "li" is an objective law; It is proposed that "the qi is the basis of reason", and the existence and occurrence of objective laws must depend on the entity and exist. It is neither objective idealism.

Nor is it subjective idealism, it is ancient naïve materialism.

Brief introduction. According to the number of primitives, materialism is divided into two types, monism.

and dualism. Monist materialism recognizes only one primordial principle of matter, which is also called mechanical materialism.

Dualist materialism recognizes the two primordial principles of matter and motion, also known as dialectical materialism. Dialectical materialism does not distinguish between the movement of nature and the movement of man, nor does it distinguish between production, practice and speculation between the movement of man, believing that they are essentially the same and can be uniformly measured by time.

The basis of Qi is also from a sentence by Wang Fuzhi, who believes that "Qi" is a material entity, and "Li" is an objective law; It is proposed that "the qi is the basis of reason", and the existence and occurrence of objective laws must depend on the entity and exist. It is neither objective idealism nor subjective idealism, it is ancient naïve materialism.

Objective idealism regards objective spirits (such as God, ideas, absolute spirits, etc.) as the master and origin of the world, and believes that the actual material world is only the externalization and manifestation of these objective spirits.

Subjective idealism regards a certain subjective spirit of an individual, such as feelings, experiences, minds, consciousness, concepts, and will, as the root and basis of the emergence and existence of all things in the world, and everything in the world is derived from these subjective spirits and is the manifestation of these subjective spirits.

The so-called "mind is reason" in the Chinese Song and Ming dynasties, Chi Chen's "my heart is the universe", "there is nothing outside the mind", and "there is no reason outside the mind", and the so-called "existence is to be perceived" and "things are a collection of ideas" in the British Berkeley are representative and typical views of subjective idealism and solipsism.

"Qi in reason" is a materialist viewpoint, while "reason in qi first" is an objective idealist viewpoint. The rational-qi precedence relationship involves neither a cognitively logical precedence nor a conceptual logical precedence, but an ontological dependence between two different types of existence. Nawang roll.

Zhu Xi believes that "reason comes before qi", and he believes that before the existence of specific things, there is "reason" before the existence of holes, which means that the objective spirit "reason" determines the existence of things, and "reason" is the origin of all things. It runs through Zhu Xi's entire philosophical system and is the key point to understand Zhu Xi's philosophical thoughts.

Reason comes first, and it is an objective idealist viewpoint.

Zhu Xi believes that "reason comes before qi", "there is only one reason in the universe, heaven is the sky, and the earth is the earth." "Before there is heaven and earth, after all, it is only reason, there is this reason, there is this world, if there is no reason, there is no heaven and earth." ”

Zhu Xi is a famous representative of Song and Ming Dynasty science. He believed that before concrete things (qi) existed, there was "li" (an abstract spirit that was detached from people and concrete things). "Reason comes before qi" means that the objective spirit "reason" determines the existence of things, and "reason" is the origin of all things.

This view belongs to objective idealism.