The purpose and function of the water balance test

Water balance test is a basic work to strengthen the scientific management of water use and maximize water conservation and rational water use. The following can be achieved through the water balance test:

1) Understand the current situation of water use in enterprises. For example, the distribution of water pipe network, the distribution and operation status of various water equipment and instruments; The quantitative relationship between the total water consumption and each water use unit can obtain accurate measured data;

2) Conduct a reasonable analysis of the current situation of water use by the enterprise. Calculate, analyze, and evaluate relevant water technical and economic indicators based on the information and data obtained, identify weak links and water-saving potential, and formulate feasible technical measures, management measures and technological transformation plans;

3) Find out the leakage points of the enterprise's water pipe network and facilities, and take repair measures to plug the leakage;

4) The water use indicators can be decomposed layer by layer to reach each water use unit, and the planned water use can be included in the contract responsibility system or target management plan at all levels, and the regular assessment can mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects for water conservation;

5) Establish water use files, improve unit water metering instruments, and train a group of management personnel who are familiar with the current situation of industrial water use in the enterprise;

6) Provide more accurate basic data for the formulation of water quotas and planned water consumption indicators.

Comply with national regulations and enterprise system requirements

In accordance with the Water Law of the People's Republic of China, which came into effect on October 1, 2002, the principle of water conservation has been determined, and specific provisions have been made on industrial water use and water conservation.

The former National Economic Commission, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Environmental Protection Administration, and the State Administration of Taxation clearly put forward the "Opinions on Strengthening Industrial Water Conservation" to "carry out water balance tests in a timely manner".

The water balance test should be carried out once every three years in accordance with the guidelines and the requirements of the headquarters, the company and the locality.

Article 9 of Sinopec's "Measures for the Administration of Industrial Water" stipulates that the responsibilities of the competent department (division and section) of the branch (subsidiary) company (9) shall be responsible for organizing the preparation of industrial water balance tests and water quotas of the unit.

Summary. Supplement: The realization of water balance needs to start from many aspects, including strengthening the management and monitoring of water resources, promoting the conservation and utilization of water resources, strengthening environmental awareness and the construction of laws and regulations.

It is only through the comprehensive and systematic implementation of these measures that the goal of water balance can be maximized. In addition, water balance is also important for responding to climate change and natural disasters, reducing the risk of floods, droughts and other disasters, and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property. <>

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Water resources are an important foundation for human survival and economic development, and the realization of water balance can effectively control the utilization of water resources, avoid overexploitation and waste, reduce the damage and pollution of water sources, and thus protect the ecological environment and sustainable development of social economy. Water balance refers to the equal amount of water input and output in the system, which can ensure the stability of the system and the sustainable use of water resources.

Supplement: The realization of water balance needs to start from many aspects, including strengthening the management and monitoring of water resources, promoting the conservation and utilization of water resources, strengthening environmental awareness and the construction of laws and regulations. It is only through the comprehensive and systematic implementation of these measures that the goal of water balance can be maximized.

In addition, water balance is also important for responding to climate change and natural disasters, reducing the risk of floods, droughts and other disasters, and ensuring the safety of people's lives and property. <>

The principle of water balance is as follows:

Due to hydraulic imbalance, it is divided into static imbalance and dynamic imbalance. Static misalignment is due to the existence of residual pressure heads in some loops, that is, the resistance of some loops is too small, the actual flow rate of these loops will exceed the design flow, because the total flow rate is certain, the other parts will not reach the set flow, and there will be uneven heat and cold; In a dynamic Sun Differential Equilibrium system.

When the water volume of some loops changes, it will cause the pressure distribution of the system to change, which will interfere with other loops, so that other loops should not have changed! The principle of hydraulic equilibrium is also the principle of overcoming hydraulic imbalance!

The global water balance equation can be written as:

where c is the precipitation of the continent; precipitation for the oceans; for the evaporation of the continents; for the amount of evaporation of the ocean. Local areas can be understood as any given space, such as rivers, lakes, ice and snow and other water bodies, large and small river basins, mountains, plains, basins, farmland, towns, forests, grasslands and other natural land and land use of different sections.

There are also marine areas divided by nature and administration. Their zone boundaries can be either closed or unclosed. From the perspective of water exchange, the area of water balance can also be divided into four natural systems, and the water balance equation of Qingjia can be listed accordingly.

atmospheric system, whose water balance equation is:

ai-+e-p=±△a。

where AI and are the amount of water in the atmosphere other than precipitation and evaporation, respectively, are the amount of water that is revenueed and the amount of water that is expended. p and e are precipitation and evaporation, respectively. a is the amount of water stored in the atmospheric system.

A watershed system with a water balance equation of:

p-r-e=±△s。

The water storage (s) in the basin is the difference between precipitation (p) minus runoff (r) and evaporation (e).

a.The principle of water balance refers to the difference between the amount of water entering and the amount of water exported in any area and at any time during the hydrological cycle should be greater than the change in its water storage.

b.For the world's continent-wide water supply, the water balance is defined as the change in the amount of water stored in the continental region over time equal to the amount of precipitation on the continent minus the amount of runoff from the ocean.

c.For the world's oceanic water supply as a whole, the water balance is defined as the change in the amount of water stored in the ocean area over time equal to the amount of precipitation in the ocean minus the amount of ocean evaporation and runoff into the ocean.

d.Melting, evaporation and runoff are the three most important links in the water cycle and determine the global water balance.

Correct answer: The principle of water balance refers to the difference between the amount of water entering and the amount of water exported in any region and at any time in the hydrological cycle, which should be greater than the change in its water storage for the entire continent of the world, and the water balance refers to the change in the amount of water stored in the continental region during the period of time, which is equal to the amount of precipitation on the continent minus the amount of evaporation and runoff flowing into the ocean Melting, evaporation and runoff are the three most important links in the water cycle and determine the global water balance.

1. Water balance test is an effective method for scientific management of water consumption units, and it is also the basis for further urban water conservation.

2. The significance of the water balance test lies in the fact that through the water balance test, we can fully understand the status of the pipe network of the water use unit, the current situation of water use of each part (unit), draw a water balance map, find out the water balance relationship and the reasonable degree of water use according to the measured water quantity data, and take corresponding measures to tap the potential of water use, so as to strengthen water management and improve the level of reasonable water use.