How to treat gestational diabetes

The first method of gestational diabetes, insulin **, try to avoid oral hypoglycemic drugs, so as not to affect the fetus, and use insulin ** at the same time also need to be combined with diet ** and exercise**. In terms of diet, an individualized diet plan should be formulated according to each person's blood sugar level and weight, which needs to be carried out under the guidance of an endocrinology or nutritionist, not only to ensure the nutritional needs of the fetus, but also to ensure that the mother does not have ketosis and acidosis.

At the same time of dietary control, gestational diabetes patients also need to develop individualized exercise according to their specific conditions, choose the appropriate exercise mode, exercise time and amount of exercise, so as to avoid adverse effects on the mother and fetus.

The principle of gestational diabetes mellitus is to maintain the normal range of blood glucose, reduce maternal and infant complications, and reduce perinatal mortality. Gestational diabetes mellitus has a higher risk of complications and adverse maternal and infant outcomes during pregnancy, so it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive development of gestational diabetes mellitus to improve maternal and infant outcomes, and to monitor patients with gestational diabetes mellitus with medication**, medical nutrition**, exercise**, and blood glucose.

1. Drugs**.

1. Most pregnant women with gestational diabetes can achieve blood glucose target through lifestyle intervention, and pregnant women with gestational diabetes who cannot reach the target should first recommend the use of insulin to control blood sugar. The most common and severe form of hypoglycemia is hypoglycemia, and it is important to monitor blood glucose.

2. At present, the safety and efficacy of oral hypoglycemic drugs metformin and glibenclamide in patients with gestational diabetes have been continuously confirmed, but there is still a lack of relevant studies in China. On the basis of the patient's informed consent, it can be used with caution in some patients with gestational diabetes. If oral hypoglycemic drugs are used, metformin is more recommended during pregnancy.

2. Others**.

Exercise**: Exercise every 30 minutes when sedentary, 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week is recommended, and blood sugar is monitored before and after exercise.

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that, like common diabetes, has risk factors such as genetics, increased risk of diabetes in both parents, and children with diabetes. Preventing the occurrence of gestational diabetes includes the following:

1. Exercise: ensure sufficient exercise and exercise time every day, generally the guidelines recommend that diabetic patients exercise more than 30min a day, at least 5 times a week, and an average of more than 150min in 1 week;

2. Diet: control your diet and avoid overeating;

3. Others: Be sure to ensure healthy living habits and avoid excessive pressure or being tired and staying up late.

1.First of all, we should pay attention to controlling our eating habits and adjusting our dietary structure.

2.Proper exercise is also beneficial to blood sugar control.

2.The commonly used drug is insulin, which will not cause adverse effects on the fetus and will not have a long-term impact on the endogenous insulin secretion of pregnant mothers, so it is more suitable for use during pregnancy.

1. Diet and exercise: This is the preferred method for pregnant women to control blood sugar, which is effective for many patients, and insulin injection is required if it cannot be relieved, which is a safe drug during pregnancy; 2. Choose foods with a low glycemic index: such as protein, whole grains, etc. Don't eat too many sweets.

Blood sugar must be controlled during pregnancy, and in order to ensure the normal growth and development of the fetus, it can be done through diet and exercise. If diet and exercise do not relieve the situation, insulin should be used reasonably.

The best way to improve the symptoms of gestational diabetes can be through dietary modifications, appropriate exercise, medications, etc. Medical nutrition** is the mainstay of blood glucose management in gestational diabetes. It is necessary to eat reasonably, maintain the patient's blood sugar stability and adequate nutrition.

Patients who develop diabetes during pregnancy can change their diet** and develop a good habit of eating smaller meals more often. Control the calories of the food you want to eat every day, divide it into about 5 portions, and eat it at a set time. At the same time, choose some foods with a low glycemic index, and you can replace staple foods with whole grains.

For gestational diabetes, insulin is currently the only way to prevent gestational diabetes from diet or poor control.

Women with gestational diabetes can control their blood sugar levels by changing their diet and exercising regularly. A healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. If blood sugar levels are too high, gestational diabetes requires antidiabetic drugs or insulin injections to help control blood sugar.

Diabetes during pregnancy can generally be treated with diet or substances. First, control your diet and eat smaller, more frequent meals. The diet is based on whole grains, eating less white rice and noodles, not to mention sweets and greasy foods, and maintaining blood sugar on a relatively stable basis. In addition, pancreatic islets are used.

If gestational diabetes is not particularly serious, it is not necessary, after all, it is not suitable to take medicine during pregnancy, but you must control your diet to reduce the amount of sugar, otherwise it will endanger your baby's health.

Gestational diabetes should be performed under the joint supervision of an endocrinologist and an obstetrician**. Generally speaking, oral hypoglycemic drugs should not be used, and insulin cannot pass through the placenta, so the use will not directly affect the fetus.

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1. Reasonable diet After knowing that you have this disease, you must eat a reasonable diet, insist on eating small meals and regular rations, eat more foods with more dietary fiber, such as whole grain foods, soy products, various vegetables, and an appropriate amount of protein, quit snacks, and do not eat sugary foods and fruits. Clause.

2. Moderate exercise Expectant mothers need to insist on half an hour of aerobic exercise every day, and can choose some slower stretching activities such as slow walking and yoga, which can reduce blood sugar while also benefiting the healthy development of the baby. Clause.

3. Appropriate weight gain The weight of pregnant women is constantly changing, especially in the middle and late stages, and the growth is very rapid. At this time, the weight gain should be controlled at about one pound a week, and if the weight grows too fast, you must consult a doctor. Clause.

4. Medication** If blood sugar cannot be controlled through diet and proper exercise, insulin needs to be added, and pregnant women must take medication under the guidance of a doctor**.

If the symptoms are mild, you can first choose conservative methods, such as reducing the intake of sugar in the diet, eating less or not eating fruits with high sugar content, or you can add some simple aerobic exercises, such as climbing stairs, walking slowly, etc., which are helpful to lower blood sugar, but for patients with more serious conditions, it is necessary to inject insulin under the guidance of a doctor**, and at the same time, you must regularly monitor blood sugar. In order to avoid hypoglycemia, you can buy a home blood glucose meter, and the data will be recorded on the Life ofMom app for easy comparison and viewing.

Gestational diabetes is usually managed by maintaining the normnormic range, reducing maternal and neonatal complications, and reducing perinatal mortality.

Patients are generally advised to eat and exercise first, and insulin is recommended if blood sugar control is poor.

Criteria for glycemic control during pregnancy:

30 minutes before fasting or three meals;

2 hours postprandial mmol L;

No less than nocturnal at night, glycosylated hemoglobin during pregnancy should be less than, and there should be no signs of hypoglycemia throughout the day.

Patients with gestational diabetes should first adjust their diet and lifestyle habits, and avoid eating some foods with high sugar content. It is also necessary to do some physical activity appropriately to improve the body's metabolism and help control blood sugar. If the blood sugar is still high after adjustment, insulin should be used**.

Patients with gestational diabetes should make adjustments in time to prevent the continuous increase in blood sugar caused by untimely and untimely effects on the fetus.

1. Diet**.

2. Drugs**.

3. Gestational diabetes ketoacidosis**.

1.Diet** Dietary control is important. The ideal goal of dietary control is to ensure and provide the caloric and nutritional needs during pregnancy, and to avoid postprandial hyperglycemia or starvation ketosis, so as to ensure the normal growth and development of the fetus.

Most patients with GDM are able to control their blood sugar within a satisfactory range with reasonable diet control and appropriate exercise**. Pregnant women with diabetes in the first trimester need the same calories as they did before pregnancy. After the second trimester, weekly calorie gain is 3% to 8%.

Sugars account for 40% to 50%, protein accounts for 20% to 30%, and fats account for 30% and 40%. Control the blood glucose level below 8 mmol L 1 hour after meals. However, it is necessary to avoid overly controlling the diet, which can lead to starvation ketosis and fetal growth restriction in pregnant women.

2.Medications** The safety and efficacy of oral hypoglycemic drugs used during pregnancy have not been sufficiently proven and are not recommended at present. Insulin is a macromolecular protein that does not pass through the placenta, and is the main drug for diabetes that cannot be controlled by diet.

Insulin dosage varies greatly among individuals, and there is no unified standard for reference. Generally, the dose is started with a small dose and adjusted according to the condition, pregnancy progression, and blood glucose levels, and the modification strives to control blood sugar at a normal level. The body's insulin requirements vary depending on the time of pregnancy

Patients who take insulin to control blood glucose before pregnancy need to reduce their intake in the first trimester due to early pregnancy reaction, and need to reduce their insulin dose in a timely manner according to blood glucose monitoring. As pregnancy progresses, the secretion of anti-insulin hormones gradually increases, and the insulin requirement in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy often increases to varying degrees. Insulin dosage peaks at 32 and 36 weeks of gestation, and decreases slightly after 36 weeks' gestation, especially at night.

Decreased insulin requirements in the third trimester of pregnancy, not necessarily placental hypofunction, may be related to increased glycemic utilization by the fetal reserve, which can be continued with enhanced fetal monitoring.

3.Gestational Diabetes Ketoacidosis** Intravenous insulin with low-dose regular insulin is advocated while blood gases, glucose, and electrolytes are monitored and given accordingly**. Monitor blood glucose every 1 2 hours.

Insulin should be added to sodium chloride injection intravenously. Blood glucose, start to add insulin to 5% glucose sodium chloride injection intravenously, and change to subcutaneous injection after the ketone body turns negative.

If gestational diabetes is confirmed, the first thing to do is to control your diet and be active appropriately. If you don't meet your blood sugar target after controlling your diet and activity, you'll need to take insulin**.

With the increasing number of patients suffering from gestational diabetes, the general public's attention to this disease is also increasing. For example, some patients with mild symptoms can choose conservative methods, such as a reasonable diet, limit the intake of high-calorie and high-fat foods, especially saturated fatty acids and sweets, and increase the intake of dietary fiber and fatty acid foods, and can also eat more coarse grains, fruits, vegetables, and then add some aerobic exercise, which can help lower blood sugar. If the more serious patients need to be treated with insulin injections under the guidance of the doctor, I recommend that all expectant mothers buy a home blood glucose meter at the beginning of pregnancy, and record the measured data on the L if e of Mo M a PP every day, which contains a numerical analysis, so that the blood glucose changes can be seen at a glance.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask.

The ** of gestational diabetes is from the aspects of diet, moderate exercise, and if necessary, medications**, etc., as follows:

1. Diet: You can reduce the amount of staple food of the main meal to 1 2-1 3, and eat when adding food between the two main meals.

2. Exercise: It is necessary to carry out an appropriate amount of exercise according to the pregnant woman's own situation.

3. Insulin**: If the blood sugar cannot be controlled in the target range, insulin can be used to lower blood sugar**, if the insulin control effect is not good, it needs to be guided by the doctor under the informed consent of the patient**.

1. Diet for gestational diabetes**.

It is a foundation of diabetes**, regardless of the type of diabetes and the severity of the disease or whether there are complications, whether insulin is used or not** should be strictly implemented and long-term dietary control should be adhered to. Eat more whole grains, dietary fiber, and supplement protein. However, it should be noted that excessive dietary control should be avoided, as this can lead to starvation ketosis and fetal growth restriction in pregnant women.

2. Drugs for gestational diabetes**.

Some pregnant women are unable to control their diabetes even with dietary changes, and when dietary control fails, it is best to take insulin to control blood sugar levels, and the amount of insulin increases progressively after early pregnancy. The body's insulin requirement varies at different stages of pregnancy, with insulin dosing peaking at 32 and 36 weeks of gestation, and decreasing slightly after 36 weeks of gestation, especially at night.

3. Other methods of gestational diabetes.

The timing of delivery depends on glycaemic control and the presence or absence of comorbidities. If the disease is well controlled and the fetus is developing normally, it is possible to wait until full-term delivery, but not beyond the expected date of delivery. Generally, he is admitted to the hospital at 39 weeks of pregnancy to prepare for delivery.

Blood glucose should be monitored regularly after delivery. Prenatal insulin use is usually reduced to antenatal 1 2 to 1 3 or no insulin. However, dietary control is still required. Breastfeeders need to add about 50 grams of carbohydrates per day.