Sima Qian s Historical Records of Shang Yinglie is of which school

Shang Ying (about 395 B.C. 338 B.C.), a politician, reformer, thinker, representative of Legalism during the Warring States Period, a native of Weiguo (now Liangzhuang Town, Huang County, Anyang City, Henan Province), a descendant of the monarch of Weiguo, surnamed Gongsun, so it is also known as Wei Marting, Gongsun Marting. Later, because of his meritorious service in the battle of Hexi, he was awarded the title of Shang in 15 Yi, and was called Shang Jun, so he was called Shang Ying.

Shang Ying made Qin a rich and powerful country through the reform of the law, which is known as the "Shang Yang Reform Law" in history.

Shang Ying's thought is that "the sage can strengthen the country, and it is lawless; Gou can benefit the people, not follow his etiquette", embodied in the Legalists.

Shang Ying assisted Qin Xiaogong and actively implemented the law change, making Qin a rich and powerful country, known as the "Shang Yang Law Change" in history.

Politically, Shang Ying reformed Qin's household registration, military titles, land system, administrative divisions, taxes, weights and measures, and folk customs, and formulated draconian laws.

Economically, it advocates emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business, and rewarding farming and warfare; Militarily, he led the Qin army to recover the land west of the river and gave Shang Yu 15 Yi, known as Shang Jun, known as Shang Yang in history.

Shang Ying mentioned in the dispute over the reform of the law, "The sage can strengthen the country, but it is illegal; Gou can benefit the people, not follow his etiquette" became the guiding principle of Qin's politics, making Qin ahead of the six Shandong countries. Secondly, Shang Ying's law enforcement did not avoid the powerful and the criminal doctors, which showed that he resolutely implemented this proposition of the Legalists. Finally, another common feature of Legalism is that Shang Ying, like Shang Ying, carried out political reform with the attitude and spirit of "clear law" of Legalism, so that the people knew the law.

Shang Ying's thought embodies the Dharma school of the three schools of Legalism, law, art, and power.

Shang Ying is a Legalist school. He is a representative figure of pre-Qin legalism.

Shang Ying is a representative figure of the pre-Qin Legalists, Shang Ying made the Qin State a rich and powerful country through the reform of the law, known as the "Shang Yang Reform". Politically, Shang Ying reformed Qin's household registration, military titles, land system, administrative divisions, taxation, weights and measures, and folk customs, and formulated draconian laws. Economically, Shang Ying advocated emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business, rewarding cultivation and weaving, and militarily, Shang Ying led the Qin army as the commander to recover Hexi.

In 338 BC, Qin Xiaogong died and was succeeded by his son King Qin Huiwen. In the same year that Qin Xiaogong died, Shang Ying was framed for rebellion by Gongzi Qian, and died in Tongdi, and his body was brought back to Xianyang, where he was executed and displayed to the public.

1. Shang Ying mentioned in the dispute over the reform of the law: "The sage can annihilate the strong country and violate the law; Gou can benefit the people, not follow his etiquette" became the guiding principle of Qin's politics, making Qin ahead of the six Shandong countries.

2. Shang Ying's law enforcement does not avoid the powerful, and the criminal doctor shows that he resolutely implements this proposition of the Legalists.

3. Another commonality is that Shang Ying carried out political reform with the attitude of "clear law" and the spirit of reform, so that the people knew the law. Shang Ying's thought embodies the Legalist law, art, and potential.