What is Cultural Universalism? Is cultural universalism cultural absolutism?

Ecumenism. Ecumenism is a branch of philosophy that emphasizes the ability of universal facts to be discovered and understood. In ethics, universality refers to values or things that can be applied to all people.

This kind of thinking exists in many religious or philosophical systems. Ecumenism first emerged as a religious, theological, and philosophical concept of universality.

Cultural universalism is a proposition that emphasizes that universal cultural values can transcend national boundaries and national cultural differences and be applied throughout the world. It is the idea that certain cultural values such as freedom, equality, justice, etc., are universally applicable and should be accepted and observed by all people on a global scale.

Cultural universalism first emerged in religious, theological, and philosophical concepts, emphasizing that universal facts and values can be discovered and understood. In today's society, cultural universalism is also often associated with globalization and cross-cultural communication. Some believe that with the acceleration of globalization and the spread of the Internet, the exchange and integration between different cultures is becoming more and more frequent, so it becomes necessary to respect and accept different cultures.

At the same time, there are criticisms of cultural universalism for being too idealistic, ignoring the differences and conflicts between different cultures.

In short, cultural universalism is a complex ideological proposition, which involves many fields such as culture, politics, religion, and philosophy. In different cases, the evaluation and recognition of it will also vary.

Moral adversarialism and moral universalism are relative.

Moral universalism asserts that human nature has common weaknesses regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, race, etc. Zheng Duan.

Moral relativism asserts that factors such as ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, race, etc., affect the limits of morality, and that morality is only established within a relative range.

For example, polygamy used to be a common phenomenon in China, but now it's bigamy, and the man has a mistress outside, which is something that will be blamed by others. This is what moral relativism argues, and as cultural factors change, the scope of morality changes again.

The United States has always accused Iran, Afghanistan, North Korea, and other countries of not respecting and restricting human rights, because the social patterns of these countries under the influence of their own culture do not match the liberal democracy advocated by the United States. The logic of the United States is moral universalism, which believes that all countries should be as liberal and democratic as the United States. It does not recognize the influence of factors such as the history, culture, religion and other factors of these countries on the image of society.

It is considered immoral and illegitimate.

The principle of universalism, which represents both vitality and stability, is one of the fundamental strengths of empires, that is, empires should treat different people and different peoples equally. Such an attitude was able to bring the conquered peoples and individuals into the core of the empire, thereby constantly expanding the sphere of imperial power beyond the original national base. The size of the people who have been assimilated by this system continues to grow, as it allows the ruled to redefine themselves as rulers.

In the eyes of the vanquished, what was initially violent turned into magnanimity.

It refers to looking at culture from the perspective of the world, without distinguishing between regions and countries, emphasizing the unity of culture, and pointing out that culture is the common property of the world.