Disinfection methods are not included, and what are the three major categories of commonly used disi

The disinfection method does not include: washing.

The commonly used disinfection methods in the family are: high temperature disinfection, disinfectant disinfection, and smoked mugwort leaves.

There are four types of disinfection, and hand sanitizer disinfection.

1. High temperature consumption.

There are two types of high-temperature disinfection: solar disinfection and boiling disinfection. Textile daily necessities such as clothes and quilts are often disinfected by sunlight and ultraviolet rays from sunlight.

It can kill most viruses. Ceramic items such as pots and pans, children's feeding bottles and teapots, and family members' cups are often sterilized by boiling them in hot water. Soak the items that need to be disinfected in hot water completely, or even boil the water directly to sterilize.

It is difficult for viruses in general, including the novel coronavirus, to survive in high temperatures.

It can be inactivated by soaking for 30 minutes in a 56 environment environment.

2. Disinfectant disinfection.

There are many types of household disinfectants, the most commonly used ones are 84 disinfectant and 75% alcohol.

84 disinfectant.

It can deal with most germs, but 84 disinfectant is sodium hypochlorite.

NACLO) is the main active ingredient of the disinfectant, and the taste is relatively pungent. Note: 84 disinfectant solution must be diluted before use. Moreover, 84 disinfectant should never be mixed with toilet cleaner and used.

75% alcohol can effectively inactivate the virus, but it does not mean that the higher the alcohol concentration, the better the bactericidal effect. If the concentration of alcohol is too high, it will quickly form a coagulated film on the surface of the bacteria, preventing the alcohol from penetrating into the cells and making it difficult to kill them.

3. Smoke mugwort leaves for disinfection.

According to modern medical reports, mugwort leaves have antibacterial effect, and the disinfection of smoking room is against Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

All have killing and inhibiting effects.

4. Hand sanitizer disinfection.

National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO.

In the guidelines issued, hand washing is the first priority. The correct way to disinfect hand sanitizer: Use hand sanitizer or soap to wash your hands with running water for more than 30s, so that all bacteria on your hands can be removed.

Also, remember to dry it after washing. It's worth noting that hand sanitizers only require regular soap or hand sanitizer plus running water, and only when soap and water are not available, should alcohol-based hand sanitizers be used instead.

The disinfection method does not include: water cleaning.

Common disinfection methods are: ventilation disinfection, high temperature disinfection, and ultraviolet disinfection.

Ultrasonic disinfection, chemical disinfection.

1.Ventilation and disinfection: The function of ventilation is to circulate the air, which can take away some of the bacteria in the air or blow away the bacteria attached to the surface of the object.

Ventilation and disinfection. 2.High-temperature disinfection method: The use of high-temperature cooking can kill most of the common bacteria, which can achieve the purpose of disinfection to a certain extent.

High-temperature disinfection. 3.Ultraviolet disinfection: Ultraviolet light of the right wavelength can destroy the fine DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of microorganisms

or RNA (ribonucleic acid), which leads to the death of microorganisms, sun exposure or ultraviolet lamps.

This effect can be achieved by irradiation.

Ultraviolet disinfection.

4.Ultrasonic disinfection: Ultrasound is a special sound wave that can travel in solids, liquids and gases, and can make E. coli and dysentery bacilli.

and other bacteria become inactive, thus playing the role of disinfection.

Ultrasonic disinfection.

5.Chemical disinfection: chemical agents can be used, such as sterilizers, high-efficiency disinfectants, etc., which have a strong killing effect on bacteria.

Chemical disinfection.

The disinfection method does not include: water cleaning.

Disinfection methods include alcohol disinfection, ultraviolet disinfection, high temperature disinfection, etc.

1. Alcohol disinfection: For daily object surface disinfection or wound disinfection, alcohol with a volume concentration of 75% can be used, and alcohol with a volume concentration of 95% can be used for strong disinfection in the laboratory. The principle of alcohol disinfection is to destroy the relevant enzymes and structures of bacteria by destroying the proteins in the bacteria.

2. Ultraviolet disinfection: Ultraviolet disinfection is generally used for surface disinfection of medical devices and experimental equipment. The principle is to destroy the DNA in bacteria through the penetration of ultraviolet rays, so that their molecular structure disintegrates and cannot be physiologically active, resulting in the death of bacteria.

3. High temperature disinfection: high temperature disinfection is generally used for the disinfection of high-temperature resistant objects, and its principle is to denature the protein of bacteria, unwind the DNA molecular structure, and inactivate the relevant active substances through high temperature, so that they cannot survive and achieve the purpose of disinfection and sterilization.

In addition, iodophor disinfection is the same as alcohol, sunlight is the same as ultraviolet disinfection, and boiling is the same as high temperature disinfection. It can also be used to reduce bacterial contamination through more ventilation.

The disinfection method does not include: water cleaning.

Wash with water. First of all, cleaning refers to the process of removing non-essential substances from an object or environment to make an item look clean and stain-free; The purpose of disinfection is to eliminate most microorganisms, reduce the number of common pathogenic bacteria to a safe level, and ensure human health. To put it simply, if you rinse with water, wipe with a rag or bath towel, or wash the cup with shampoo, it can only be regarded as a surface cleaning at best, usually only washing off dust and some stains, and does not meet the so-called disinfection standards at all.

Wash with water.

The commonly used disinfection methods in <> are divided into three categories: physical disinfection, chemical disinfection, and biological disinfection.

1. Physical disinfection method: refers to the method of killing or eliminating pathogenic microorganisms and other harmful microorganisms with physical factors. It is characterized by rapid action and no harmful substances left behind in disinfected items.

Commonly used physical disinfection methods include natural purification, mechanical sterilization, thermal sterilization and ultraviolet radiation.

2. Chemical disinfection method: refers to the method of disinfection with chemicals. Chemical disinfection method is easy to use and does not require complex equipment, but some disinfectants have certain toxicity and corrosiveness, in order to ensure the disinfection effect and reduce toxicity, the required conditions and instructions for use must be strictly implemented.

3. Biological disinfection method: It is a method of using certain organisms to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. It is characterized by slow action and limited effect, but the cost is low.

It is mostly used for the sanitary treatment of large-scale waste and excrement. The commonly used methods include biological thermal disinfection technology and biological oxidation disinfection technology.

The main disinfection methods can be divided into two categories, namely chemical disinfection and physical disinfection.

Chemical disinfection is mainly used in the medical field. Common ones include the use of alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, etc.

Chemical disinfection. The disinfection methods used in people's daily life are mainly physical disinfection.

The most common methods of physical disinfection are heating, freezing, radiation, ultraviolet light, and microwave disinfection.

Light wave sterilizer.

Most of the disinfection cabinets on the market are divided into three ways:

1.High temperature disinfection, generally heated at about 120, lasting 10 to 15min, using far infrared heating, the disadvantage is that the power is too large, resulting in uneven temperature, tableware deformation.

2.Ultraviolet disinfection, the principle is to use ultraviolet rays to irradiate bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms, destroy the DNA structure of their bodies, so that they die immediately and lose the ability to reproduce, the disadvantage is that ultraviolet rays can only spread along a straight line, the radiation energy is low, the penetration is weak, and only the microorganisms directly irradiated can be killed.

3.Ozone disinfection, the use of its strong oxidation to make bacteria, fungi and other bacteria protein shell oxidation deformation to kill the sterilization body, ozone in the air diffuse fast and uniform, disinfection without dead ends, the disadvantage is that the sterilization time is longer generally in 50-60min, if there is water on the surface of the disinfection items, it will weaken the ozone disinfection function.

Sunlight disinfection method, boiling disinfection method.

Precautions for disinfection:

The first is to choose a non-toxic, non-residue, non-corrosive disinfectant;

The second is the sterilization effect, preferably a broad-spectrum and efficient disinfectant;

The third is to consider the cost of use, ease of use and other issues.

1.Autoclaving: Medium. 2.Dry heat sterilization: high-temperature, dry items, glassware (suction, petri dishes, test tubes) and metal utensils, etc. 3.Burn sterilization: inoculation tools (inoculation loops, inoculation needles, etc.). Hello.

1.Physical disinfection: refers to the method of killing pathogenic microorganisms and other harmful microorganisms with physical factors. These include natural purification, mechanical sterilization, high-heat sterilization, and sunlight exposure.

2.Chemical disinfection: Refers to the method of disinfection with chemicals.

3.Biological disinfection: refers to the method of using the heat produced by microbial fermentation to destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

Disinfection products in the disinfection management measures do not include:1. Wipes, cotton swabs and cotton balls with disinfection function. Bend to ride.

2. Products with disinfection or antibacterial functions that are specially used for specific parts of the human body, such as "feet, eyes, nails, armpits, scalp, hair, nasal mucosa, anorectum".

3. Products that are not used for the human body's ** mucous membranes are not, such as antibacterial laundry detergent, antibacterial socks, antibacterial rags, etc.

The Measures for the Administration of Disinfection is a document formulated by order of the National Health and Family Planning Commission.

According to Article 45 of the Measures for the Administration of Disinfection, disinfection products refer to disinfectants, disinfection instruments (including biological indicators, chemical indicators and (sterilized goods packaged and buried), sanitary products and disposable medical supplies.

The disinfection method does not include: water cleaning.

Commonly used disinfection methods in households are: mechanical sterilization, high-temperature cooking, incineration, ultraviolet irradiation, and microwave oven disinfection.

1. Mechanical sterilization method: Mechanical sterilization method refers to the removal of bacteria from the surface of objects or filtration from objects by washing, brushing, wiping, wiping, sweeping, ventilation and filtration. Although these methods do not kill pathogens, they can greatly reduce their numbers and reduce the chance of human infection with the pathogen.

2. High-temperature cooking method: killing microorganisms through high temperature is the earliest disinfection method used by human beings, and it is also one of the most commonly used disinfection methods in ordinary families in China. High-temperature steaming is a simple and effective method of disinfection that is best suited for home use.

Pressure cookers, cooking pots, and steamers used for home cooking are all good heating sterilizers.

3. Incineration method: Incineration is a simple and thorough sterilization method. All items of low value and combustible can be sterilized by incineration.

This method is often used to dispose of clothing used by people with infectious diseases. Contaminated weeds and animal carcasses should also be incinerated for disposal.

Fourth, ultraviolet irradiation method: ultraviolet irradiation disinfection method is widely used by Qingzhao families. The most commonly used is the use of sunlight for disinfection, which both uses the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight to disinfect and dry items without the survival of pathogens.

Exposing items that need to be disinfected, such as clothes and bedding, to the sun can play a good role in sterilization. Generally, each exposure is 4 to 6 hours, and the effect is better for a few days.

5. Microwave oven disinfection: At present, household microwave ovens have been basically popularized in China. Microwave disinfection at home is economical and convenient, and it is less damaging to items.

Commonly used disinfection and sterilization methods include: thermal disinfection, chemical disinfection, and ultraviolet disinfection.

Principle of thermal disinfection: high temperature can denature or coagulate the proteins and enzymes of microorganisms, lose their functions, and cause metabolism to be hindered and die, so as to achieve the purpose of disinfection and sterilization. In thermal disinfection, there are two categories: moist heat (e.g. autoclaving) and dry heat (including combustion or incineration).

The principle of chemical disinfection: one is to denature proteins, phenols, alcohols, aldehydes and heavy metals, etc., which can coagulate or denature proteins, so that the growth and reproduction of viruses are inhibited and die. The second is to interfere with the enzyme system, and the heavy metal salts can bind to the sulfhydryl (SH) enzymes of microorganisms, so that their activity decreases or disappears, thereby affecting the metabolism of pathogenic bacteria.

Oxidants and halogens can also oxidize certain enzyme systems in microorganisms. The third is to increase the permeability of the cell plasma membrane, and the detergent can reduce the surface tension of the cell membrane of pathogenic bacteria, increase the permeability of the cell membrane, and leak out of the substance in the bacterium, causing death.

The principle of ultraviolet disinfection: through ultraviolet irradiation, the DNA structure of microorganisms is destroyed and changed, so that bacteria die immediately or cannot reproduce offspring, so as to achieve the purpose of sterilization. Ultraviolet irradiation has low irradiation energy and weak penetration, and can only kill microorganisms that are directly irradiated.

Difference Between Disinfection and Sterilization

The purpose of disinfection is different from sterilization, disinfection is to kill most of the pathogenic microorganisms, only a small part of the pathogenic microorganisms survive, in order to achieve the purpose of not making the human body sick, sterilization is to kill all pathogenic microorganisms, has reached a completely sterile state, and the difficulty of sterilization is greater than the difficulty of disinfection.

Secondly, the places where the two are used and the items they handle are also different, most of the disinfection is used in public places, and sterilization is mainly used for medical items. Pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your hands before eating to avoid germs entering your body.

Answer]: B disinfection methods are divided into four categories: sterilization method, high-efficiency disinfection method, medium-efficiency disinfection method, and low-efficiency disinfection method.