Are the building forms of houses of the Dai and Han people similar?

It is not similar, because the living environment is different, so the architectural form is also different.

The Dai people, in the Dai area where the climate change is greater, there are fewer Pingba and more mountains, and they live in the foothills of the Dai people, and they live in thick and solid flat-roofed soil palm houses. Tuzhang house is a civil engineering structure, generally two-storey, the first floor is inhabited, the second floor is stacked with grain and sundries, and the livestock is built separately. Because of the great climate change, the earthen wall has two layers and is up to three feet thick, which has a great effect on heat and cold.

The flat roof is 5 to 10 inches thick, allowing for cooling on the flat roof on summer nights and drying grain on top during autumn harvest, making effective use of space.

Due to the vast distribution area of the Han nationality, its traditional housing has different styles depending on the region. The Han people living in the North China Plain have mostly brick and wood bungalows, and most of the courtyards are courtyard houses, represented by Beijing courtyard houses. The traditional houses of the Han people living in Northeast China are basically similar to those in North China, except in the walls and roofs, where the houses are generally thick, mainly for warmth; The Han people living in northern Shaanxi dig caves for housing according to the characteristics of thick soil layer and low groundwater level on the Loess Plateau, which are not only warm in winter and cool in summer, but also do not occupy the area of cultivated land; The Han people living in the south mainly have wooden houses, and pay attention to the structure of flying eaves and heavy pavilions. Due to the different customs and natural conditions in different parts of the south, there are also differences in the layout of housing buildings.

For example, the buildings in the hilly and mountainous areas are built along the mountains, the water towns in Jiangsu and Zhejiang pay attention to the front streets and the back river, the tulou in Fujian is huge and beautiful, and the pavilions in Suzhou are small and beautiful. The courtyard house is a general term for the traditional house with the main house and the east and west wings forming a plane layout around the middle courtyard. Courtyard houses have the longest history and the most extensive distribution among Chinese folk houses, and are typical of the Han folk house form.

Its history has been more than 3,000 years, and in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the form has begun to take shape. The courtyard houses in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Beijing, and Hebei are the most representative. In the large and small hutongs of Beijing, there are many courtyard-style houses surrounded by houses on the east, south, west and north sides, which are courtyard houses.

Whether it is the Han nationality in the south or the north, the common feature of their traditional houses is to sit in the north and face south, and pay attention to internal lighting; Wooden beams are used to bear loads, and bricks, stones, and earth are used to build parapets; Centered on the hall house, it is known for its carved beams and decorative roofs and cornices.

The Dai people are one of the ethnic minorities in China. The Dai people mainly live in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Gengma Dai Wa Autonomous County, Menglian Dai Lahu (Hù) Wa Autonomous County, Jinggu Dai Wa Autonomous County, Xinping Yi Dai Dai Autonomous County in Yunnan Province, in addition, in Jingdong, Pu'er, Simao, Tengchong, Longling, Shuangjiang, Ximeng, Yuanyang, Hekou and other more than 30 counties and cities, there are also Dai small groups or scattered distribution. Scattered throughout most of Yunnan.

The Dai usually prefer to live in large river basins, dam areas and tropical areas. Most of them live near the river valleys in the Nu River, Lancang River, Jinsha River and Red River basins. There are Jinghong Dam, Menghai Dam, Mengsha Dam, Menglong Dam, Menghan Dam in Xishuangbanna, Menghuan Dam (Mangshi), Mengna Dam (Yingjiang), Mengmao Dam (Ruili), Mengdi Dam (Lianghe) and Mengwan Dam (Longchuan) in Dehong.

The housing of the Han people is diverse, the kind you mean?

Article 2 of the Regulations on the Protection of Traditional Ethnic Buildings in Xishuangbanna Prefecture of Yunnan Province stipulates that "it refers to the pole-and-railing buildings of ethnic minorities mainly living in the Dai nationality and the buildings and structures such as Buddhist pagodas, temples, pavilions and sculptures of the Southern Tradition, as well as the ornamentation of various traditional buildings".

Dai family bamboo building - green home. The bamboo building is a traditional architectural form of the Dai people.

The architecture of the Dai nationality is affected by the natural environment such as climate, altitude, topography, building materials and the social environment such as population, economy, religion, politics, science and technology, ideology, etc., mainly including the beautiful and dexterous dry column building represented by the Dai people in Xishuangbanna, the thick and solid flat-roofed earthen palm house represented by the Dai people houses on the first line of Yuanjiang and Honghe, and the elegant and magnificent Buddhist temple buildings.

Dai architecture is roughly divided into civil buildings and Buddhist temple buildings. The Dai architect is natural, blends into nature, conforms to nature, and expresses nature. This is where the ancient Chinese garden embodies the national culture of "the unity of heaven and man", which is the biggest feature of the forest independent of the world, and the fundamental reason for the eternal artistic vitality.

As a unique architectural form, Dai architecture also has its unique artistic vitality.

The residence where the Dai family has lived for generations, the beautiful roof of the building is said to be "Zhuge Liang's hat". The bamboo buildings of the Dai family are the type of dam area, due to the hot and humid weather, most of the bamboo buildings are leaning on the mountains and rivers; The banyan trees outside the village cover the sky, and the aerial roots hang low; The bamboo buildings in the village are lined up, surrounded by bamboo hedges, hidden in the green shade; The Manjing Lanzhai and Olive Dam in Jinghong County are the standard types of Dai bamboo buildings in the dam area.

According to the social class, the civil bamboo building is divided into two types: the official (calling) bamboo building and the common people's bamboo building. The official bamboo building is tall and spacious, square in shape, with a triangular pyramidal roof, covered with wood chips. The whole bamboo building is supported by 20 to 24 thick wooden pillars, which are built on stone piers, and the beams in the house are pierced through the columns, and the structure is simple.

The people's bamboo building is the same as the official bamboo building, but it is relatively narrow, and the roof is covered with thatch. Wooden pillars are not allowed to use stone pier pillars, nor are they allowed to use beam columns. Engraving is not allowed.

The bamboo building is in the form of a two-storey house, about two meters high, along the stairs and up, there is a corridor on three sides of the second floor, and there is a spacious platform at the end of the corridor called "exhibition". It is an extension of the indoor space to the outdoor space, and its main functions are bathing, drying clothes, placing potted flowers, and it is also a good place to watch the scenery. The shape of "exhibition" makes the Dai bamboo building more stretched.

The stretched roof is a particularly striking feature of the Dai Bamboo Building, which is conducive to both drainage and shading.

The Dai family bamboo building is a railing-type building, with beautiful shape, and the appearance is like a big tent erected on a high column. The bamboo building is made of various bamboo materials (or wood) to wear together, pull each other, and are extremely strong. The building is surrounded by wooden planks or bamboo fences, and the hall is divided in half by wooden planks, with a bedroom inside and a living room outside.

There are no walls on the lower floor of the building, which is used to store sundries or raise animals. The bamboo building has the characteristics of warm in winter and cool in summer, moisture-proof, waterproof and shockproof. The building is several meters above the ground, so it is not easy for moisture to rise indoors, and water cannot flood the building.

The bamboo building is square, the building is ventilated on all sides, warm in winter and cool in summer. The Dai family likes to plant phoenix tail bamboo, betel nut, mango, banana, etc. around the bamboo building, making the village full of poetry and picturesqueness. <>

The architecture of the Dai nationality is affected by the natural environment such as climate, altitude, topography, building materials and the social environment such as population, economy, religion, politics, science and technology, ideology, etc., mainly including the beautiful and dexterous dry column building represented by the Dai people in Xishuangbanna, the thick and solid flat-roofed earthen palm house represented by the Dai people houses on the first line of Yuanjiang and Honghe, and the elegant and magnificent Buddhist temple buildings.

The upper and lower floors are made of wood and bamboo; The floors, walls, and roofs are covered with thatch and tiles. The upper strata are inhabited, and the lower strata raise livestock and pile crops. The building is built with tall spaces and bamboo or wood walls and floors, which is conducive to keeping the living room dry and cool.

Nowadays, with the strengthening of ecological protection and economic development, some places have begun to replace bamboo and wood structures with concrete brick and tile structures, but still retain the form of "ganlan" or the shape of herringbone roof hats, so it is still customary to call it "bamboo building".

The wide courtyard around the bamboo building should be planted with melons and fruits or excavated small fish ponds, which can not only shade the sun, but also a natural green "wall" that is not guarded, and the bamboo fence that is set up at will on the periphery is not to prevent people, but only to prevent livestock from breaking in. The Buddhist temple building is the characteristic building of the Theravada Buddhist Dai people who believe in the Southern Tradition, and it is mainly a flat tile building with heavy eaves and multiple slopes.