What is the process of moving the roots of a plant into the water called?

Mechanism of water absorption by plant roots.

The study of water uptake by plant roots has always been a hot issue in plant physiology. Although the root system is the main organ of the plant to absorb water, not all parts of the root can absorb water. In fact, the lignified or plugged root segments of epidermal cells have very little water absorption, and the water absorption of the roots takes place mainly at the root tip.

There are two main ways for plant roots to absorb water: one is passive water absorption, and the other is active water absorption. Regardless of the type of water absorption, the basic basis for water absorption is the osmotic water absorption of cells.

Passive water absorption. When the plant undergoes transpiration, water is transpired into the atmosphere from the stomata and epidermal cells of the leaves, so that the water potential of the mesophyll cells decreases due to water loss. Mesophyll cells that have lost water absorb water from nearby cells with more water content; In this way, mesophyll cells close to the leaf vascular duct absorb water to the leaf vascular duct; This suction force due to transpiration is called "transpiration traction". Transpiration traction can be transmitted to the root system through the stem duct, which then absorbs water from the soil.

Since the power of water absorption originates from the transpiration of leaves, this water absorption is called passive water absorption by roots.

Actively absorbs water. That is, the root system absorbs water caused by root pressure. The internal space of the root can be divided into two parts, apoplast and coplast.

Apoposomes include the cell wall, intercellular space, and wooden ducts within the middle column, excluding the cytoplasm; The symplast includes the protoplasm (the part of all cells that live) of all cells. The soil solution diffuses inward along the apoplast in the root, and the ions in the soil solution enter the symplast through active absorption, and then release into the wooden duct in the middle column.

The plant body is able to continuously transport the water absorbed by the roots to the apex, and its motivation mainly comes from (c).

a.Absorption of roots bStem infusion draft cTranspiration of leaves dPhotosynthesis of leaf key oranges.

Transpiration is the process of water loss from the surface of living plants (mainly leaves) to the atmosphere in a state of water vapor, which is different from the evaporation process in physics, transpiration is not only affected by external environmental conditions, but also regulated and controlled by the plant itself, so it is a complex physiological process. The main processes are: moisture in the soil, root hairs, intra-root ducts, intrastem ducts, intraleaf ducts, stomata, and atmosphere.

When plants are young, all surfaces exposed to air can ridge transpiration.

Epidermal transpiration. The transpiration of woody plants through the cracks in the bark pores of branches and cork tissues is called cutaneous transpiration. However, the amount of canopy transpiration is very small, accounting for about the total canopy transpiration.

Stratum corneum transpiration.

Transpiration through the cuticle of leaves and herbaceous stems, called cuticle transpiration, accounts for about 5% to 10% of transpiration. The cutaneous transpiration of young leaves can reach 1 3 to 1 2 of the total transpiration. In general, the transpiration of mature leaves of plants accounts for 5% to 10% of the total transpiration.

Plants that have grown under drought conditions for a long time have lower cuticle transpiration, with total transpiration of less than 5%.

Stomatal transpiration. Transpiration through stomata is called stomatal transpiration, and stomatal transpiration is the most important way of plant transpiration.

Stomata are important gateways for in and out of the body of plants. Water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO), and oxygen (O2) all share the stomata channel, and the opening and closing of the stomata will affect the physiological processes of plants such as transpiration, photosynthesis, and respiration.

Stomata are small pores in the epidermal tissue of plant leaves, which are generally composed of pairs of guard cells. Guard cells are surrounded by epidermal cells, and adjoining epidermal cells that are morphologically identical to other epidermal cells are called neighbouring cells, or subsidiary cells if they are distinctly different. The guard cells form a stomatal complex with neighboring cells or paraguard cells.

Guard cells are morphologically and physiologically distinct from epidermal cells.

(1) There are ducts in the rhizomes and leaves of plants, and the ducts are structures that transport water and inorganic salts; The vast majority of the water absorbed by plants is used for transpiration, and the main organ of transpiration is the leaves, and the stomata on the leaves are not only the windows for gas exchange, but also the gateway for water dispersion and loss in the body (2) Leaves include mesophyll, veins and epidermis, the epidermis mainly plays a protective role, the leaf veins have a supporting and conductive role, and the mesophyll is the place where photosynthesis is carried out The organic matter made from the leaves is transported to all parts of the plant through a sieve tube (3) The place where the plant body carries out photosynthesis is the chloroplast, and the chloroplast can use light energy, Convert inorganic matter such as carbon dioxide and water into organic matter, release oxygen and convert light energy into chemical energy and store it in organic matter The formula is: (4) The energy converter common to animals and plants is mitochondria, mitochondria are the places of respiration, and respiration is the process of decomposing organic matter under the action of oxygen and releasing energy In order to weaken the respiration of seeds, seeds should be stored in a low-temperature and dry environment (5) Environmental factors include biotic factors and abiotic factors Sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, Oxygen and the like are abiotic factors; Trees are plants and belong to biological factors Trees can produce organic matter and store energy through photosynthesis and belong to producers (6) The photosynthesis of green plants, absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, maintains the carbon and oxygen balance in the atmosphere, so we should protect green plants and plant afforestation Therefore, the answer is: (1) ducts; Transpiration; Stoma; (2) epidermis; Vein; Mesophyll; Screen; (3) chloroplasts; Strong; Light; Chemical; (4) mitochondria; Decompose organic matter and release energy; low-temperature drying; (5) abiotic; Creature; Producer; (6) afforestation; Returning farmland to forests and grasslands

Transport to the blades via catheters. Screens are used to transport organic matter.

The root hairs formed by the outward protrusion of epidermal cells in the mature zone are the main sites for absorbing water and inorganic salts. The presence of root hairs increases the absorption area of the root. Root hairs can secrete a variety of substances, such as organic acids, which dissolve salts that are difficult to dissolve in the soil and become nutrients that are easily absorbed by plants.

Apical mature zone: There are large mature vacuoles, which can promote osmosis and water absorption.

PS: The root tip is generally divided into (from bottom to top): root crown, meristem, elongation area, and mature area, and the degree of differentiation is gradually increasing.

Hope it helps

The main part of root water absorption is the mature zone of the root tip.

Epidermal cells in the mature area of the apex.

For terrestrial green plants, they mainly rely on their roots to absorb water from the soil. Root water absorption mainly depends on root hair cells in the mature area of the root tip.

There are many root hairs in the root hair area, and on the epidermis of each square millimeter, there are about 420 hairs for corn and about 230 for peas, and the presence of root hairs increases the surface area for absorbing water and inorganic salts. So, how do root hair cells absorb water from the soil?

A mature plant cell can be seen as an osmotic system, and osmosis occurs when this cell is placed in solution. Root hair cells are mature plant cells that contain a large vacuole that fills almost the entire cytoplasm. If a mature plant cell is placed in a sucrose solution at a concentration of 30%, the concentration of the external solution is greater than the concentration of the cell fluid, and the cell loses water.

How is water transported in plants? If you cut a piece of celery and put it in red ink for a while, you can see the red ink moving up the stem with the naked eye, while under the microscope you will see that the red ink is transported up the duct of the stem. The ducts are present in xylem structures.

It is a hollow tubular structure formed by the gradual disappearance of the cytoplasm and the nucleus, the connection between the upper and lower levels, and the loss of the transverse wall between the cells, which is responsible for transporting water and inorganic salts. After the green plants rely on the roots to absorb water from the soil, they will first be transported to the ducts in the mature area of the roots, and the ducts of the roots are connected to the ducts of organs such as stems and leaves.

With the progress of transpiration, the water is continuously lost, the water of the mesophyll cells decreases, the concentration increases, the water of the duct in the leaf vein will penetrate into the mesophyll cells, and finally the root hair cells continue to absorb water from the soil, and the strong pulling force generated by transpiration will cause the water to be continuously transported along the duct from bottom to top to all parts of the plant body.

When the water is continuously transported upward, the inorganic salts dissolved in the water will also be transported to all parts of the plant body, ensuring the normal life activities of the plant body.

Water is transported upwards through the ducts of rhizomes and leaves The power behind the continuous transport of water to all parts of the plant body comes from transpiration.

Transpiration is the main driving force for plants to absorb and transport water.

The water absorbed by plant roots is mainly transported to stems and leaves through vascular tissues.

Water uptake by plant roots The root system is the main organ that absorbs water.

The roots have a special role in transporting nutrients.

The power of plant cells is very powerful.

** The delivery system of the plant itself.

Transport function of tissue cells from its body.

** The structural system of the plant itself.

The leaves of plants contain chlorophyll, which can carry out photosynthesis and produce energy. As a result, during the day, when plants photosynthesize, energy is produced, and the water absorbed by the plant's roots can flow upward.

Motivation** Due to the poor concentration of the cell, water will always flow from the place with low concentration to the place with high concentration, and the concentration of the intracellular environment is higher than that of the external environment, so the water will spontaneously flow upwards into the cell.

The physiological significance of transpiration, which is the main driving force for plants to absorb and transport water. Water transpirates from the stomata, causing a pull in the plant body to transport water upwards, which can promote the continuous absorption of water by the roots from the soil.

Those of us who have studied biology in high school know that the driving force of the flow of matter inside plants is osmotic diffusion, which is simply explained by the diffusion of water to the part with low concentration.

This motivation is caused by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell and the concentration difference in the sieve tube of the plant, after all, the inside of the plant body is also very magical.

Do you want to judge right from wrong? If it is, it can, but it can also absorb inorganic salts.

Plant seeds do not need to absorb any nutrients in the water when germinating, and the nutrients stored by the seeds themselves can fully meet the energy consumption of their germination and seedling stages, so as long as the environmental conditions of seed germination can be met.

The external environmental conditions required for the germination of plant seeds are: moisture, temperature, oxygen and light, etc. 1. Moisture:

Water is necessary for seeds to germinate. With water, the nutrients stored in the seeds can be hydrolyzed, and the cells can expand and elongate. 2. Oxygen:

When the seed starts to move, it needs to respire, which means oxygen. Therefore, if you water too much when planting, the seeds will rot because of the lack of oxygen. Only a few aquatic plant seeds can germinate under the condition of lack of oxygen.

3. Temperature: The germination temperature of plant seeds is generally between 10-30 degrees, but each plant has its germination temperature, but the most suitable temperature for most plants for seed germination is about 22-28 degrees. 4. Lighting:

Some plants require light to germinate, while others do the opposite, with the former being called photophostropic seeds and the latter being photophoracic seeds. Therefore, after sowing, the plant's likes and dislikes of light should be considered to decide whether to cover the soil or not.