What are the main pests of sweet potatoes? How to prevent it?

Sweet potatoes are mainly affected by grubs and black spot disease. Grubs mainly come from the larvae or eggs or soil caused by underground pests, so fertilization is reasonable, the farmyard manure is completely rotten, and the grubs have to eat the rotten farmyard manure, which can reduce the damage to the sweet potato. Secondly, choose excellent varieties with strong disease resistance and use fertilizers rationally.

Sweet potatoPlanting requires plenty of sunlight.

Sweet potatoes need plenty of sunlight. Like other silk plants, sweet potatoes can use sunlight to take advantage of carbohydrates, such as starch from carbon dioxide gas absorbed from the air and water absorbed from brushing soil. This function is called photosynthesis.

The carbohydrates produced by the photocontract action are delivered to the sweet potato chunks, and the sweet potato chunks increase. When sunlight is insufficient, photosynthesis is slow, tooth yield is small, and sweet potato yield is not high. Therefore, when growing sweet potatoes, we should pay attention to the propagation of light, and here's why.

How to choose a sweet potato variety?

There are many varieties of sweet potato, which can be divided into pink sweet potato, white sweet potato and sweet potato according to the skin color of sweet potato; According to the color of the sweet potato heart, it can be divided into sweet potato, purple sweet potato, yellow sweet potato, white sweet potato, powder sweet potato, etc. Each type of sweet potato has a different yield and taste. In my experience, purple sweet potatoes taste best, but not everything is absolute.

It is also associated with post-planting fertilization and management, but with the same fertilization and management, purple sweet potatoes are more popular. <>

Sweet potatoes should be weeded in time.

After planting sweet potatoes, it doesn't take long for weeds to appear on the land. When growing traditional sweet potatoes, farmers usually don't use herbicides, so weeds must be thoroughly removed in a timely manner at an early stage. After planting sweet potatoes, after the rain, there is more grass.

After the surface of the soil has dried slightly, combine it with a cultivator hug, that is, loosen the soil with straw or other tools while removing weeds. This traditional practice has many advantages, namely that weeds can reduce soil hardening, destroy the soil layer, and play a role in irrigation. <>

Aphids and golden nematodes are very common pests, and for pests that harm roots and stems, they are generally prevented in advance.

For the sweet potato plant, it is a very common food on people's tables, and the occurrence of pests in the local sweet potato cultivation is not very different from pests in different periods. At the seedling stage, it is mainly ground tigers and aphids, and in the middle and late stages, it is mainly sweet potato moth and Spodoptera litura. Therefore, we must also learn to master certain knowledge in life, and we must also learn to observe in advance in the process of planting sweet potatoes, and reducing dead seedlings is the most important thing.

Sweet potatoWhat are the pests?

The larvae of the beetle will gnaw on the roots and stems of the ground, and in the process of the growth period of the sweet potato, they will bite the young roots of the germ and the tuber to cause the root seedlings to wither or the tuber to rot.

Sweet potatoHow should insect pests be controlled?

After harvesting sweet potatoes in autumn, you can choose to spread more than 1,000 kilograms of straw straw on each acre of land, and put 50 100 kilograms of quicklime for deep ploughing. This will help the soil to enhance its nutrition and ensure a good harvest in the coming year.

What is my personal opinion?

In the process of reopening the control of sweet potato, we must be bold and careful, there are a large number of insect pests, timely through chemical control, can effectively avoid the spread of pests, and do not recommend the use of high concentration of pesticides, because high concentration of pesticide pollution is more serious, while killing pests, it will also lead to sweet potatoes to be affected to a certain extent, where conditions can be used to use water and drought rotation, effectively cut off the transmission route of infection, and ensure the healthy growth of crops.

Spodoptera litura, sweet potato moth, sweet potato wheat moth, leaf miner moth and other moth pests.

It can be sprayed and controlled from the egg hatching period to the beginning of the 2nd instar larvae, and the optional pesticides are 10% chlorfenapyr suspension 1500 times liquid, 08% emamectin EC 1500 times, 15% indoxacarb suspension 4000 times, 5% lice mite urea EC 800 times, bifenthrin EC 2000 times, 5% fluoropyridine urea EC 2000 times, 20% chlorantraniliprole suspension 3000 times, 10% trifluoromethanyl ether EC 1000 1500 times or 24% methoxyfenozide suspension 2000 2500 times and other spray control.

Black spot can occur, root rot can occur, soft rot can occur, stem nematode disease can occur, and potato blast may also occur. Pesticides can be used for control, and limestone and sulfur can also be used to sterilize and disinfect the soil.

Disease-resistant varieties, disease-free seedlings, fumigation in storage cellars, and seed potato treatment. The cellar is heated for 35 38 days and nights, and then quickly cooled to 10 14, or the sawdust mixed with sulfur is used in the cellar to ignite fumigation.

1. Sweet potato blast, commonly known as rotten head and plague, is a devastating disease of sweet potato. The disease can occur in all growing stages of sweet potato, and after the seedling stage, the plant withers and the base of the stem rots. After the sweet potato is infected at the adult stage, the sweet potato seedlings wilt and become wilted when the sun is strong at noon, and the fibrous roots turn black and rot in the later stage of the disease, and then fall offAfter the sweet potato lump is infected, it is brown water-stained lesions when the disease is mild, and the sweet potato lump is yellow-brown with a hollow or rotten middle when the disease is severe.

Control measures: To plant sweet potato, we must first choose varieties with strong resistance to diseases and pests;It is best not to carry out continuous cropping, and can be rotated with sorghum, sugarcane, soybeans, etc.;Be sure to use fully rotted farm manure, clean the garden thoroughly before planting, and in the planting process, if there is a sweet potato disease, it is necessary to remove the diseased plants in time and take out the sweet potato field for burning. After the sweet potato is harvested, the stumps and dead leaves, diseased roots, and sweet potato pieces in the field should also be cleaned up to reduce the source of disease.

A disease on the leaves, which is a round or nearly round black-brown lesion, and has concentric heart rings. If the humidity is high, there will be a black mold layer on the sick class, and if the disease is severe, the leaves will dry up and fall off, and the field will appear yellow. What are the symptoms?

On the leaves, small spots of water-soaked yellowing begin to occur, and the center is dark brown to black. There is a circle of white mold on the back of the leaf, and most of the leaves of the plant die in severe cases, turn black and fall off. After the tuber is infected with late blight, the potato late blight occurs on the skin of the tuber, and there will be dark small round spots on the leaves in the early stage, the stalks will be black, the leaf buds will be dry, and in the case of high humidity, there will be gray-white mold layer on the back of the leaves and the disease-healthy junction on the stem, and the mold layer will not be obvious when the weather is dry.

Late irrigation or furrow application with 10% imidacloprid 2500 times or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times can kill underground pests. Above-ground pests are found in time and prevented in time.

<> potato disease can be artificially managed and treated with drugs during the onset period. Artificial control is mainly to choose varieties with strong disease resistance when selecting seeds, and after the seedlings are unearthed, observe the growth of seedlings in time, and develop the above situation, it is necessary to abandon them, and select the seedlings that have developed well. Can be used pesticides to control, after the seedlings emerge, the selection of imidacloprid, a net two kinds of agents, according to the leaf stem, leaf back, leaf surface of the order of alternate spraying, every 7 10 days spraying.

In addition, potatoes can be planted in strips with other crops, mixed cropping and intercropping, strict implementation of the quarantine system, introduction from areas without quarantine pests and diseases, as far as possible to select resistant varieties of diseases and insects, and the selection of high-quality detoxified seed potatoes, which is the key to preventing the occurrence of potato diseases.

Fertilizer efficiency is in place. Fertilization is a good thing, but the amount of fertilizer can not be increased blindly, and excessive fertilizer can directly burn potato pieces or burn the root growth of potatoes, so the probability of potato rot or rot greatly increases agricultural control, strengthen field management, maintain ventilation and light, and control soil moisture; Remove the diseased plants in time and sterilize the diseased holes with quicklime; Avoid flooding. Chemical control, 50% chlorothalon wettable powder can be sprayed 500 times.

The leaves will become particularly withered, and the yield will be particularly small, these are the effects of pests and diseases, which can be carried out by drugs**, and the effect is also good.

The main pests and diseases are virus diseases, late blight, ladybugs, grubs, etc., which are common pests and diseases of potatoes. Potato virus disease is manifested by short plants, slow growth, leaf curl, etc., and morpholinoguanidine hydrochloride and 3% amino-oligosaccharide are used for spraying control in the early stage of the disease. Ladybugs feed on mesophyll and fruits, which are more harmful to potatoes and can be used for Avi.

High-chlorine, 10% cyhalothrin for ladybug control.

For potato ring rot, comprehensive measures should be taken to combine the selection of disease-resistant varieties, the uprooting of diseased plants in the field and the selection of low-toxicity pesticides. Diseased plants are dug up at the seedling stage and adult stage, and the treatment is concentrated.

The pesticides used to plant sweet potatoes to control underground pests include matrine aqueous agent, lesben, chlorantraniliprole, etc. The swelling period of sweet potatoes is the period when more water is needed, and the roots of sweet potatoes can be irrigated with matrine 1000 times when watering. Crop rotation can also be used to prevent underground pests and reduce the number of pests.

When preventing pests, it is important to note that farmyard manure must be fully decomposed before application, as the smell of uncooked farmyard manure will attract underground pests.

1. Sweet potato pesticide control underground pests

1. The pesticides used to control underground pests include matrine aqueous agent, Lesben, chlorantraniliprole and other agents. When the sweet potato is swelling, this stage needs a lot of water, and it can be combined with watering to apply 1000 times of matrine water agent to the root of the sweet potato, and the control effect is better. During the normal growth period of sweet potatoes, foliar sprays of Xerox 1000 times can be carried out, or 35% chlorantraniliprole suspension, and each package of agent can be mixed with 15 kg of water when used.

2. You can also use the method of crop rotation to prevent underground pests, and the number of pests can be reduced through crop rotation, and then the pesticide can be used for control, which can improve the efficacy. Sweet potatoes are more drought-tolerant, underground pests are mainly produced according to the growth characteristics of sweet potatoes, they are resistant to dry soil but not waterlogging, and the fields with frequent underground pests can be rotated with water and drought during the prevention and control, which effectively reduces the occurrence of underground pests.

3. When using farmhouse fertilizer for sweet potatoes, it must be fully decomposed before application, because farmhouse fertilizer without rotting will emit the smell that underground pests like, which is conducive to the reproduction of pests. If you use uncooked farm manure for a long time, there will be more and more underground pests, and even if pesticides are used for control, after the effect of the pests disappears, the pests will reappear and continue to harm.

Second, what are the main underground pests of sweet potatoes?

1. Grubs: Grubs are the larvae of beetles, which mainly feed on the underground parts of the young roots and stems of crops, and they will bite or bite off the roots of crops to make the seedlings wither and die.

2. Needleworm: Needleworm larvae will harm seeds and germs, and in severe cases, there will be many small holes in the rhizomes of seedlings, resulting in dead seedlings, lack of seedlings or tuber rot.

3. Mole crickets: Mole crickets will harm the seeds that have just been sown or germinated and feed on the tender stems, bite the young stems into a mess, and at the same time, the roots of the seedlings will be separated from the soil, causing the seedlings to wither and die.

4. Ground tiger: larvae have a mixed feeding habits, they will lurk in the soil during the day, and they will come out at night, which will lead to serious lack of seedlings and even destruction of crops.

5. Termites: Termites are very harmful to sweet potatoes, and they can directly hollow out sweet potatoes, which will lead to a decrease in sweet potato quality and yield in serious cases.

6. Root aphid: Mainly concentrated in the taproot, sucking the root juice, causing the lower part of the taproot and fibrous roots to become thinner, atrophy, blacken and even rot.

Good morning! The main potato diseases were potato late blight, potato early blight and potato ring rot.

The main insect pests are potato ladybugs, potato tuber moths, aphids, etc.

In order to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, seed potatoes can be soaked with pesticides or dressed. In the prevention and control of potato blight, 400 times of 25% methamanine wettable powder can be used to make disinfectant water soaking seeds, or the use of 35% methanofen seed dressing agent according to the seed potato mass of O 4% of the seed potato mass dressing, or 58% of the mass fraction of methamanine manganese-zinc wettable powder according to the quality of the seed potato 03% for seed dressing; In the prevention and control of potato ring rot, it can be soaked in the amount of 50 mg of copper sulfate per kilogram of seed potato for 10 min; Potato aphids can be treated with 68% imidacrine seed dressing according to seed quality.

FYI! Happy work!

In the past, when people sowed potatoes, they were ploughing the land in the spring, and we should break this old habit, plant scientifically, change spring to winter, and turn the land deeply. In this way, the eggs or larvae that lurk in the deep soil will not be able to safely overwinter because they are turned over to the surface, and weeds should be eradicated in time before the potato emerges, which can greatly reduce the feed of the underground pest larvae and transport the weeds directly out of the field, eliminating the oviposition host as much as possible. At the same time, growers need to be able to turn over the underground pests that damage potatoes to the surface during autumn ploughingChoose high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides, such as Puliq, Virus A, Lesburn, Trichlorfon, etc.

First, precaution before sowing. You can use 1% trichlorfon powder, add 10 kg of fine soil and mix well to make poisonous soil, before sowing potatoes, sprinkle along the ridge in the ditch to poison underground pests. Second, the prevention and control of the seedling stage.

At the seedling stage of potatoes, soil insecticide treatment should be done once before the year. Use the land to clear the particles, five to ten catties per mu, and then spin tillage on the land. Or use 500 ml of chlorpyrifos per mu to mix 20 catties of soil and sprinkle rotary tillage.

Years ago, it was to kill the eggs.

Winter tillage measures are taken to effectively kill overwintering eggs. In the past, when people sowed potatoes, they were ploughing the land in the spring, and we should break this old habit, plant scientifically, change spring to winter, and turn the land deeply. Natural farming methods and the ecological balance of the countryside are the best prevention and control methods.

Select early-maturing and disease-resistant varieties, choose high terrain and fertile soil for planting, increase the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, remove field disease residues in time through reasonable dense planting, which can effectively reduce the source of disease in the field, and spray with mancozeb, zeczeb, difenoconazole and other agents after the onset of the disease.

In general, many people use the wrong method for potato pest control, or the control stage is not very appropriate, so it leads to potato cracking, different sizes, etc., if the right method is used, the potato is managed well, and the yield will be increased.