How are vineyards planned and designed? Vineyard management programme

1.Dormant period: November to late March.

Field work: Clearing the garden in winter, pruning at the end of winter, and removing dead branches and leaves from the garden. Rest the bracket in time, replace the rusty wire, dig deep and bury the soil, and irrigate in time in case of winter drought.

2.Germination period: late March to early April.

When the temperature is stable above 10 degrees Celsius in spring, it is unearthed and put on the shelf, watered with germination water, and the corresponding fertilizer is applied with the water; Control downy mildew, anthracnose and other pests and diseases of overwintering insects, and prevent spring cold.

3.Growing season: mid-to-late April to mid-May.

Wipe the buds and fix the shoots, remove the buds with improper raw parts, weak buds, over-dense buds, and re-cut when the new shoots grow to 10 cm; Binding new shoots, tying the new shoots that have been set, and the branch distribution space is reasonable; New shoot topping, leaving 10-12 leaves for branches that have grown more than 12 leaves, and removing tendrils; Watering and fertilizing to lay the foundation for increasing fruit set.

4.Inflorescence separation period to post-flowering young fruit growth period: late May to early to mid-June.

Thinning the flower spikes, thinning the small flower spikes, and cutting off the secondary spikes. About 5 days before flowering, pinch the tip of the inflorescence 1 5-1 3, and thin out the excessive inflorescence; Wipe the buds and thin the branches, after the topping of the fixed tip, control the secondary tip, and leave 1-2 branches of the secondary tip when controlling the topping, 3-5 leaves per branch, and remove the tendrils; Fruit thinning, fruit thinning treatment is carried out when the fruit is large and mung bean, and the small fruit, round fruit, inner spike fruit and spike top fruit are thinned in time, and 40-60 fruits are left in each panicle; Top dressing outside the roots, spraying fertilizer after flowering, to improve the fruit setting rate; Fruit bagging, after fruit thinning, spray in the morning on a sunny day with a single-layer paper bag to protect the fruit from pests and diseases and cracked fruit; To eradicate weeds on the ground, weeds can be controlled with relevant herbicides.

5.Young fruit expansion period: mid-June to mid-July to bury in mid-July.

Top dressing outside the roots, spraying corresponding pesticides after flowering, and increasing the fruit setting rate; This period is a critical period for downy mildew prevention, and the tree nutrition should be strengthened and the leaves should be protected.

6.Hardcore to coloring period: mid-to-late July and early-to-mid-August.

Cultivating and weeding, there is more rain during this period, weeds should be removed in time, the soil should be kept loose, and because the oak is white rot and anthracnose are high in this period, the diseased branches and leaves should be cut in time.

7.Shoot ripening: late August to early September.

Cultivating and weeding, removing weeds in the garden, etc., keeping the garden water, and irrigating in time in case of drought; Handle the secondary tips, adjust the shelf surface, and control the fertilizer and water.

8.Harvest period: late August to mid-to-late September.

The fruit is harvested and the leaves are protected.

9.Postharvest defoliation: October to November.

Heavy application of basal fertilizer, mainly with seed or ant fertilizer; Dig a trench and apply sufficient basal fertilizer and then water; Winter clearing, winter pruning of orchards that have fallen leaves; Deep application of basal fertilizer, watering.

The vineyard should be planned according to the size of the cultivation area, the natural conditions of the garden and the cultivation frame. The content of the plan includes: the division of the operation area, the selection and allocation of varieties, the layout of roads, shelterbelts, soil improvement measures, soil and water conservation measures, drainage and irrigation systems, transportation systems, etc., for pollution-free viticulture, good ventilation and light transmission conditions of the vineyard and reasonable drainage and irrigation system is the most important work.

In recent years, the construction of sightseeing vineyards has developed rapidly, and sightseeing vineyards should take into account pollution-free cultivation, and at the same time, it also involves a series of new concepts and new contents such as sightseeing, tourism, leisure, science popularization, and garden design. In this regard, more detailed and careful planning and design should be carried out.

Many of the grape ecological park planning and design projects that Lvwei Chuangjing Planning and Design Institute has come into contact with include grape ecological parks and other leisure agricultural parks. In the case of "Planning and General Planning of Shandong Taiyi Reservoir Comprehensive Development Project", we can see the planning and loss of the grape ecological park.

Jiaodong Peninsula is known as one of the world's seven major wine coasts, the project site is located in the area of Xiacun Town, 5 kilometers north of the urban area of Rushan City, Shandong Province, around the core area of Taiyi Reservoir to the periphery, with a total planning area of about 20 square kilometers, which is equivalent to the latitude of Bordeaux, the famous wine producing area in France, and belongs to the southern production area of Bohai Sea and Huanghai Bay, which is an excellent wine grape producing area in China. The geographical latitude, climate, temperature, hydrology and soil characteristics of the project site provide unique natural conditions for the development and comprehensive development of the grape industry of the project.

In view of the prosaic basic status quo of Taiyi Reservoir, the characteristics of Taiyi Reservoir suitable for planting wine grapes are excavated and amplified"World Winery Expo Park"This is a creative and powerful theme concept that enhances its core values. Boctake Bordeaux Valley (France), Tuscany Valley (Italy), California Napa Valley (USA), Brusa Valley (Australia), Cape Town Valley (South Africa), Casablanca Valley (Chile) and other world-famous wineries to create six winery theme valleys, each theme valley reaches the scale of 30-50 wineries to form a strong regional atmosphere, to build a veritable world winery expo park. On the basis of renting Hui, it is deeply integrated into the industrial chain of grape planting and winemaking, tourism and appreciation, popular science culture, picking experience, etc., so that each winery becomes a relatively independent production unit and tourism product, and creates a unique world winery Expo Park.

At the same time, it will develop a variety of products such as Bordeaux Hotel, Bordeaux style town, water sports and amusement projects, commercial and leisure places, grape science experience, etc., to form a unique tourist resort with distinct themes, clear patterns, rich products and beautiful environment. It can not only produce a sensational effect in the short term, but also achieve long-term sustainable upgrading and development, and gradually drive the northern part of Rushan to form the most distinctive and creative wine industrial park in China.

1. The location of the orchard or winery should be adapted to local conditions. In order to make full use of the specific natural resources of the local area, it is also necessary to consider the basic conditions such as transportation, water and electricity facilities.

2. Mountain vineyards are an important part and support of mountain wineries. Therefore, the vineyards of the mountain wineries need to be properly planned and planted. Among them, the arrangement of mountains is an important content, which can be organized into contour trenches and ladders to facilitate planting management and harvesting.

3. In terms of the selection of grape varieties, varieties with short growth period should be planted at high altitudes, and factors such as variety growth period and altitude should also be considered to facilitate temporary production during the harvest period, so that the brewing season can be carried out smoothly and smoothly without interruption and stacking.

Fourth, in terms of planting management, grape planting is better in the southeast, south and southwest directions. For the structure and tree shape, according to the specific winery situation, you can consider a variety of tree shapes, such as small plant type, single stem and double arm, single stem and single arm, dragon trunk shape or small trellis shape.

Fifth, in terms of water conservancy design, you can consider designing a large pool at the top of the mountain or near the top of the mountain, and transport the river and lake water to store it by pumping, and lay drip irrigation in the orchard.

6. In terms of orchard road design, pay attention to paving a hardened road from the mountain to the position of the sorting table in the workshop in the gentle slope to facilitate the transportation of grapes at low places.