Where is the deepest trench on the planet and what is the deepest trench on the planet

Mariana Trench.

Altitude: -11034 m.

The Mariana Trench, also known as the Mariana Islands Trench, is the deepest known ocean trench on Earth, located on the western North Pacific Ocean bed, near the east of the Mariana Islands, and is formed by the subduction of two tectonic plates. Here, the Pacific Plate subducts below the Philippine Plate (or subdivided into the Mariana Plate). The Mariana Trench is already deeper below sea level than the highest point of Mount Everest.

Geographical location. The Mariana Trench is located at 11 °20 N, 142 °, that is, in the northeast of the Philippines, at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean near the Mariana Islands, between the Asian continent and Australia, from the Iwo Islands in the north to the vicinity of Yap Island in the southwest. It has the Aleutian, Kurile, Japan, Ogasawara and other trenches in the north, and the New Britain and New Hebrides trenches in the south, with a total length of 2,550 kilometers, an arc, an average width of 70 kilometers, and most of the water depth is more than 8,000 meters.

The deepest point is in the Fichaz Abyss, at 11,034 meters, which is the deepest point on Earth. The trench is estimated to have formed 60 million years ago and is part of a series of trenches on the ocean floor in the western Pacific Ocean.

Causes of formation. The Mariana Trench is an arc-shaped depression on the ocean floor that extends 2,550 kilometers and is 69 kilometers wide on average, east of the Mariana Islands in the western North Pacific Ocean. There are smaller steep-walled valleys at the bottom of the main trench.

In 1957, the Soviet survey ship measured a depth of 10,990 meters, and later a new record of 11,929 meters was set again. In 1960, the U.S. Navy used the French-made "Trieste" deep-sea submersible to set a record of 10,911 meters in the trench. It is generally believed that the oceanic plate and the continental plate collide with each other, and because the oceanic plate rocks are dense and low, they subduct under the continental plate, enter the mantle and gradually melt and disappear.

Ocean trenches are formed where collisions occur, and island arcs and coastal mountains are often formed on the side close to the mainland. These places are all areas of intense geological activity, manifested by volcanic eruptions and **.

The deepest known ocean trench in the world is the Mariana Trench, also known as the Mariana Trench. It is located in the Pacific Ocean, that is, the northeast of the Philippines, the bottom of the Pacific Ocean near the Mariana Islands, from Iwo Jima in the north to Yap Island in the southwest.

Trench: The deepest part of the ocean floor.

The deepest ocean trench on Earth is the Mariana Trench.

The Mariana Trench has the Aleutian, Kuril and Ogasawara trenches in the north, and the New Britain and New Hebrides trenches in the south, with a total length of 2,550 kilometers and an arc shape with an average width of 70 kilometers. It is estimated that the trench has been formed for 60 million years.

At its deepest point, 6,11 kilometres, it is the deepest known ocean, and it is one of the harshest areas on Earth due to its high water pressure, complete darkness, low temperatures, low oxygen levels and lack of food resources. The Mariana Trench is a plate subduction zone, and the geological movement of the seabed is very active, and the material composition and genesis of seamount volcanic rocks are of interest to marine geologists.

The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench.

A trench is one of the seabed topography, which is a trench with steep and narrow walls and a water depth of more than 5000m located in the ocean, which is the deepest place on the seabed. Why do ocean trenches exist on the ocean floor? Ocean trenches are the result of plate movements, and in plate tectonics, the earth's surface is not a complete piece, but is divided into several plates, and generally large plates have six plates:

The Eurasian plate, the African plate, the Indian Ocean plate, the Pacific plate, the American plate, and the Antarctic plate.

The relative motion between plates and plates, there are two forms of collision and separation at the boundary between any plates, in which the trench is formed at the collision boundary of the plate, the formation of the trench is due to the collision of the oceanic plate and the continental plate, and because the oceanic plate is relatively low, subducted below the continental plate, thus forming a deep subduction zone, which is the trench in the topography.

Impacts of human activities on the oceans:

The impact of humans on the oceans is no less than the destruction of the natural environment on land, and it is almost ubiquitous (see map below). In the case of fisheries fishing alone, bottom trawling worldwide covers more than half of the continental shelf waters (up to 200 metres in depth) each year; If the various fishing nets used around the world were connected, the surface of the earth could be wrapped more than 500 times.

The direct impact of this intensive fishing is a tragedy: individual fish are becoming smaller and younger, their reproductive capacity is declining, their genetic diversity is declining, and they are even facing extinction. According to the latest statistics, up to now, more than 80% of the world's recorded fishery resources are in a state of saturation or overfishing.

Scientists predict that at current fishing intensities, all of the world's marine fisheries will be on the verge of depletion by 2050. <>

The deepest place in the world is the Mariana Trench.

It is also the deepest trench in the world, with a maximum depth of 10,909 meters and most of the water at 8,000 meters, located in the Fichaz Abyss, the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, in the northeastern part of the Philippines, which is the deepest point on Earth, full of mystery but at the same time terrifying.

It is reported that the age of this trench is 60 million years, 2,550 kilometers long, and the width is about 70 kilometers, in an arc, which is part of the ocean floor trench in the western Pacific Ocean.

Mariana Trench Environment:

The Mariana Trench is not only the deepest place on earth, but also the worst place on earth, in the trench, the pressure is very high, the surrounding side is dark, a trace of sunlight can not shine in, the surrounding quiet is terrible, the cold temperature makes people shiver, and the oxygen content is very low, not suitable for the survival of marine life at all, this is simply one of the loneliest places in the world.

The geology of the Mariana Trench is very active, and the volcanic rocks of the seamounts here are of great interest to scientists. It's not an easy place to go, though, so it's still a long time to study.

The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench, also known as the Mariana Trench.

It is located at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean near the Mariana Islands in the northeastern Philippines, an estimated 60 million years ago and part of a series of trenches on the western Pacific Ocean floor. The trench is 2,550 kilometers long, arc-shaped, 70 kilometers wide on average, and most of the water is more than 8,000 meters deep. The maximum water depth is in the Fichaz Abyss, which is 11,034 meters, which is the deepest point on Earth.

If the world's highest mountain, Mount Everest, is placed at the bottom of the ditch, the summit will not be able to expose the water.

On May 28, 2019, members of the Chinese Science expedition discovered nearly 10 colorful coral forests on the seamount south of the Mariana Trench. A variety of corals and cyptical polyps grow in the forest, like an "underwater garden".

Formation of the Mariana Trench

The Mariana Trench is caused by a submarine orogeny that occurs in the subduction zone, where two large pieces of oceanic crust, the so-called tectonic plates, collide. In the subduction zone, one piece of oceanic crust is pushed and pulled under another crust and sinks into the mantle, the layer below the crust. Where two pieces of crust meet, a deep trench is formed at the bend of the sinking crust.

In this case, the Pacific crust bends underneath the Philippine crust.

The place where the Pacific crust dives into the trench is about 100 million years old, and the Philippine plate is younger and smaller than the Pacific plate. Despite its depth, the trench is not the closest to the center of the Earth. Because the Earth is uplifted at the equator, the radius of the poles is about 25 kilometers smaller than the radius of the equator.

Thus, parts of the seabed of the Arctic Ocean are closer to the center of the Earth than the Challenger Deep.

The deepest part of the earth is the Mariana Trench.

The Mariana Trench, also known as the Mariana Trench. At its deepest point, 6 to 11 kilometres, the Mariana Trench is the deepest known ocean and is one of the harshest areas on Earth due to high water pressure, complete darkness, low temperatures, low oxygen levels and a lack of food resources.

The Mariana Trench is located in the northeastern part of the Philippines, near the Mariana Islands, at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, from Iwo Jima in the north to Yap Island in the southwest. It has the Aleutian, Kuril Island, Ogasawara and other trenches in the north, and the New Britain and New Hebrides trenches in the south, with a total length of 2,550 kilometers, an arc, and an average width of 70 kilometers. It is estimated that more than 60 million years have been in the trench.

Causes of the formation of the Mariana Trench

1. The formation of the Mariana Trench is closely related to the tectonics of oceanic crustal plates. The Earth's crust is divided into large plates that move at different speeds on the Earth's surface and collide with each other, disconnect or slide. The Mariana Trench is located right at the intersection of the Pacific and Philippine plates.

These two plates have moved closer to each other at a very slow rate over geological history, thus forming a plate boundary.

2. Due to the northeastward collision of the Pacific plate with the Philippine plate, the rock is violently deformed and fractured due to the collision. This drastic deformation led to faults and subsidence of the earth's crust, culminating in the formation of a huge ocean trench. The Mariana Trench was born out of such a process.

3. Volcanic activity in geological formations is also one of the reasons for the formation of the Mariana Trench. This trench is located in an area with numerous active volcanoes. As the Philippine Sea plate continues to sink down into the mantle, it generates intense heat and pressure, which triggers a large number of volcanic eruptions.

These volcanic activities have caused magmatic activity on the earth's surface and formed a lot of volcanic rocks and cinders on the earth's crust.

Reference: Encyclopedia - Mariana Trench.

The deepest part of the earth is the Mariana Trench. The deepest place on Earth is the Mariana Trench. The Mariana Trench is the Pacific Ocean floor near the Mariana Islands in the northeast of the Philippines, from Iwo Jima in the north to Yap Island in the southwest.

At its deepest point of 6-11 km, the Mariana Trench is the deepest known ocean, and its high water pressure, complete darkness, low temperatures, low oxygen levels, and lack of food resources make it one of the harshest environmental areas on Earth.

It is generally believed that the oceanic plate collides with the continental plate, and because the oceanic plate has a high density of rocks and a low position, it subducts under the continental plate, and the plate gradually melts and disappears after entering the mantle. Ocean trenches are formed where collisions occur, and island arcs, back-arc basins, and coastal mountains are often formed on the side close to the mainland. These areas are areas of strong geological activity, with frequent volcanic eruptions and **.

There are no greenery in the Mariana Trench for the reason:Because there is no sunlight in the depths of the sea, plants cannot photosynthesize, causing plants to die, so green plants cannot be found in the deep sea. The penetration of light in seawater is getting weaker and weaker from shallow to deep, and the shallowest light is the strongest, with red light and blue-violet light, which is conducive to the utilization of green algae, so it is green algae; Downward, some red light is not strong penetrating and is absorbed by seawater, and only blue-violet light can be used for photosynthesis, and brown algae is conducive to absorbing blue-violet light, which is brown algae; Further down, part of the blue-violet light is also absorbed, which is red algae; There is no light in the deepest depths.