What are the environmental requirements for growing spinach?

Spinach is cold and drought tolerant, that is, it is not waterlogging, so when choosing a plot, it is necessary to choose a plot with good drainage and irrigation conditions, spinach taproot into the soil deeply, too much watering and too high moisture, will inhibit root respiration, easy to cause root rot, so watering should be appropriate at the right time, spinach is a relatively cold-resistant green leafy vegetable, more suitable for planting in spring and autumn, spinach seeds can also germinate at 4, but the temperature suitable for seed germination and growth is generally about 15 20.

Spinach grows with light requirements. 3 words "not strict", spinach planting is mostly the use of intercropping mode, if the summer temperature and light time are very long, then the occurrence of sprouting phenomenon is inevitable. Spinach is a long-day crop, under high temperature and long-day conditions, the plant is easy to moss and flower, the sunshine intensity is not strict, and its growth habit is more suitable for planting in our north, so the planting of spinach is still very common in the north.

Spinach grows most vigorously under the environmental conditions of 80% to 90% air humidity and 70% 80% soil moisture, with thick leaves, good quality and high yield. Spinach needs a lot of water in the growth process, lack of water during the growth period, slow down growth, mesophyll aging spinach germination after the growth of seedlings is relatively fast, because the temperature is relatively high, so it should be watered and fertilized in time according to the soil moisture. It is best to spray a blocking herbicide once when planting spinach.

For the land where spinach is grown, it is necessary to choose the plot where the soil acid and alkali are neutral, the water permeability and air permeability are good, the soil should be fertile, the farmer's bottom fertilizer should be applied, the drainage should be good, and the plot should be sown without waterlogging or drought. Spinach planted in autumn should choose rapeseed suitable for planting in autumn, and it is necessary to pay attention to it when buying, autumn spinach varieties are highly tolerant, fast-growing, and harvested early, which must be noted. Try to choose round-leaf spinach seeds with good taste and good resistance, of course, sharp-leaf spinach can also be, it is important to choose varieties according to personal taste, from the market sales point of view, round-leaf spinach is more popular, the key is to eat the right taste.

Spinach prefers mild climatic conditions and is particularly resistant to low temperatures. Seeds germinate at 4 o'clock, so they can be sown in northern areas just after the soil has thawed. The appropriate temperature for germination is 15 20, spinach plants can grow well above 10, and the most suitable temperature for vegetative growth is about 20

Spinach is very good to survive, basically just sprinkle the seeds. Spinach is very cold-tolerant, it can germinate at a minimum temperature of 4 °, and the requirements for sunlight intensity are not high; Spinach is highly adaptable to the soil, making it ideal for northern cultivation.

Spinach seeds germinate at 4 years old, at 15-20 years old the best for seed growth, growing spinach is best to let the sun shine for a long time. Spinach has a high water requirement. The soil in which spinach is grown should be neutral, which can be alkaline, but not acidic.

Spinach loves sunlight and should be planted in a sunny and well-hydrated place so that the spinach will grow well and will grow taller more easily and the leaves will grow fuller.

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Spinach is hardy and is the strongest of all leafy vegetables. As long as the temperature after sowing is not lower than 4 degrees, the seedlings can germinate normally, but the most suitable temperature for seed germination is about 18 degrees. The optimal temperature for its growth is about 18 degrees.

When the temperature exceeds 26, the growth of spinach will be restricted and will not grow properly. Plants on the ground can also develop normally at temperatures as low as 6 degrees, so it is necessary to strictly control the surrounding temperature in the process of planting spinach, so that spinach can grow in the most suitable environment, promote growth, and prevent problems caused by temperature discomfort. Spinach requires a longer light time during growth because the differentiation of flower buds is directly related to light time and intensity.

Prolonged high-intensity light exposure facilitates flower bud differentiation and promotes flowering, pollination and fertilization. Not only should you get light, but you should also keep it as low as possible.

Flower bud differentiation, after increasing the temperature and maintaining light time can promote spinach budding and flowering. As the pollination rate increases, spinach will grow more and more, and the quality and yield will also be further improved. Spinach is a vegetable that requires more water.

Because the leaves of spinach are large, soft, and full of water, there are many organs that need water. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that there is enough water in the field during the planting process. Lack of water can lead to short, thin spinach plants, low yields, poor quality, and very low commodity value.

Prolonged exposure of spinach to high temperature and waterless conditions will inhibit the growth of spinach, unable to control the reproductive growth rate, and lead to premature spinach sprouting. During the planting process, the air humidity of spinach should be maintained at around 85% and the soil moisture should not be lower than 70%.

Spinach has a large leaf area, soft tissue, and high water demand. Sufficient moisture, thick meat, high yield and good quality when growing vigorously. Under the conditions of high temperature, long sunshine and drought, vegetative growth is inhibited, reproductive growth is accelerated, and immature moss is easy to germinate.

Spinach is a long-day crop, which is easy to germinate and flower under the conditions of high temperature and long sunshine, and has no strict requirements for sunshine intensity, and can be intercropped with tall crops. Spinach is a low-temperature, long-day crop. The flower bud differentiation is mainly affected by the sunshine and length, and it is easy to go through the light stage under long sunshine and high temperature, and the low temperature can promote the differentiation of flower buds and flower buds under long sunshine.

When the overwintering spinach enters the next spring and summer, the plants will quickly sprout and bloom.

There are requirements, spinach planting is the most important temperature requirements, other aspects are still OK, to maintain sufficient moisture, sunlight and nutrients, and others need to control the temperature.

1. Temperature spinach has a very strong cold tolerance and is the strongest among all leafy vegetables. As long as the temperature after sowing is not lower than 4 degrees, the seedlings can germinate normally, but the most suitable temperature for seed germination is about 18 degrees. 2. Light spinach needs a long light time in the growth process, because the differentiation of flower buds is directly related to the light time and intensity.

3. Water spinach is a vegetable with large water requirements. Because spinach has large leaves, soft and sufficient water, and has many organs that need water. Therefore, in the planting process, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient water in the field, as insufficient moisture will lead to short and thin spinach plants, reduce yield, poor quality, and low commodity value.

4. Soil spinach does not have great requirements for soil, it can quickly adapt to a variety of different soils and grow normally, but there will be certain differences in yield and quality. Therefore, if you want to grow high-yield and high-quality spinach, you still have to choose a soil with high fertility, loose and strong fertilizer and water retention ability.

Spinach does not have high requirements for soil, and it can be grown in yellow and black soil, as long as some fertilizer is properly handed over.

Spinach growth habits.

Spinach is relatively hardy and grows at a suitable temperature of 15-20. If it is above 25, it will grow poorly. Spinach is a long-day crop, so it needs plenty of light during its growth.

Features of the appearance of spinach.

Spinach grows to 1 meter tall and has conical, red, with a small amount of white; The leaves of spinach are oval in shape and bright green in color, plump, tender, and juicy.

Environmental conditions for the growth of spinach.

Spinach is suitable for growing in a warm environment and also needs a long time of light, which is conducive to the differentiation of flower buds. In addition, the growing environment should have sufficient water, preferably soil with high fertility, loose soil, and strong fertilizer and water retention capacity.

Spinach growth process.

Seed stage. It is the seed stage of spinach from the fertilization of the maternal egg cell, seed formation, seed maturity, seed dormancy to seed germination.

Vegetative growth period.

From the beginning of seed germination, the cotyledons and other true leaves appear and grow one after another, until the stage when the seedlings differentiate into flower buds is the vegetative growth stage.

Reproductive growth period.

The reproductive growth period of spinach is from flower bud differentiation to heading, seedling, flowering, and seed maturity.

Potted spinach farming essentials.

Select the seed. Before planting potted spinach, you can soak the spinach seeds in warm water for about 20 minutes and then sow them to promote germination.

Select the soil. Potted spinach needs to be planted in a larger container with loose and breathable soil.

Watering and fertilizing. When watering potted spinach, be sure to control the amount of watering, not too much and not too little; Fertilization is done with organic fertilizer.

Cultivation techniques. 1. Sowing time.

Spring spinach can be sown when the temperature rises to more than 5 °C after the beginning of spring, March is the appropriate period for sowing, summer spinach is sown in stages from May to July, autumn spinach is sown in August to September, and overwintering spinach is sown in mid-October to early November.

2. Prepare the land for furrowing.

Choose loose and fertile, water and fertilizer retention, good drainage and irrigation conditions, slightly acidic loam with good pH value. 4000 kg of organic fertilizer and 40 kg of superphosphate should be applied per mu when preparing the land, and the level should be fine, and the high furrow should be done in winter and spring, and the flat furrow should be done in summer and autumn, and the furrow is wide and meter.

3. Sowing seedlings.

Spinach plots are generally sown. Summer and autumn sowing is to soak the seeds in water for 12 hours one week before sowing, put them in a well or in a refrigerator or refrigerator at about 4 °C for 24 hours, and then promote germination at 20-25 °C, and sow seeds after 3-5 days of germination. Dry or wet seeds can be sown in winter and spring.

Kilograms of sowing per mu.

After pouring the bottom water on the furrow surface, sow the seeds, lightly rake the topsoil with a tooth rake, so that the seeds are sown into the soil, and cover the furrow surface with a layer of plant ash. After sowing in summer and autumn, it should be covered with straw or covered with a small arch to prevent high temperature and heavy rain. Frequently keep the soil warm and moist, 6-7 days can be seedlings, winter sowing temperature is low, then cover the furrow with plastic film or shade net insulation to promote the emergence of seedlings, after the emergence of seedlings.

4. Field management.

After the autumn spinach has real leaves, pour 1 time to clear the manure; After 2 true leaves, combined with seedlings, weeding, top dressing first light and then thick, and more decomposed manure was applied in the early stage; Top dressing 2-3 times during the peak growth period, 5-10 kg of urea per mu each time.

The soil remains moist after winter spinach planting. When there are 3-4 true leaves, properly control the water to facilitate overwintering. When there are 2-3 true leaves, the seedling spacing is 3-4 cm.

According to the seedling condition and weather, water and fertilizer were applied top-notch, and the feces and urine of ripe people were mainly decomposed. Frost and ice and snow weather should be covered with plastic film and shade nets for insulation, which can be covered with small arches. After the beginning of spring, choose a sunny day to apply well-rotted light manure water to prevent early sprouting.

Spring spinach should be covered with plastic film in the early stage of insulation, which can be directly covered on the furrow surface, and the film will be removed after the emergence of the film or changed to a small arch cover, and the small arch shed will be covered by day and night, and the rain cover will be covered by sunshine, so that the seedlings can see more light, refine more seedlings, and time seedlings. Top dressing fertilizer water, in the early stage, apply lightly and diligently with decomposed human and animal manure, and apply fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer in the later stage, especially 15 days before harvest.

After the emergence of summer spinach, it is still necessary to cover the shade net, cover the shade in the sun, cover it late and cover it early, so as to facilitate cooling and heat preservation. Watering at the seedling stage should be done in the morning or evening with small water and frequent watering. After 2-3 true leaves, apply two fast-acting nitrogen fertilizers. Water should be poured after each fertilization application to promote growth.

Planting method: It can be sown in spring and autumn. The growth period is about 60 days. In northern China, there are also those that are sown in winter and harvested in spring, commonly known as spinach. Seeding or scattering is acceptable.

1. Choose high-quality seeds. In autumn, the temperature gradually cools down, and the temperature will change from high to low, which means that after spinach is planted, the temperature will gradually go down. Therefore, we should choose spinach seeds with good cold tolerance and good resistance to diseases and pests according to local climatic conditions.

First, you should know that the suitable growing temperature for spinach is 15 to 20 degrees, and when the local temperature is above 4 degrees, it can slowly sprout. Choosing spinach seeds with good plumpness is conducive to the smooth emergence of spinach seedlings and ensuring a high germination rate of spinach. Generally, the amount of seeds per mu is about 3.

2. Pre-planting treatment. The surface of spinach seeds has a thick layer of glued hard shell, and the protection of the hard shell makes it difficult for moisture and air to enter. Put the spinach seeds into the prepared aqueous solution of permanganese potassium acid, take them out after about 5 6 hours, wash them with water, dry the surface to remove the water, and then use pyrrolonitrile suspension seed agent for seed dressing and coating to prevent possible diseases and pests in the future, and then wipe the water on the surface to sow the seeds.

Seeds can also be subjected to temperature treatment. The method is to dry for about 5 hours (do not put it directly on the cement floor) and then soak it in water for about 10 hours, take it out and put it directly into a low temperature environment of about 4 degrees, take it out once a day or so at night, soak it in 20 warm water for about 15 minutes, heat the seeds and take them out, and promote germination. The germination temperature is generally kept at about 18 degrees, germinate in a humid, ventilated and dark place, and can be sown when the seeds of 60 are teething.

3. Fertilization. After the autumn spinach leaves grow, water the manure once; After two true leaves, combined with intercropping, weeding, and top dressing, first light and then thick, and more rotten fertilizer was applied in the early stage; Apply 2-3 times during the peak growth period, and apply 5-10 kg of urea per mu. After sowing spinach in winter, the soil should be kept moist.

When planting 3-4 true leaves, the water should be properly controlled to facilitate overwintering. When planting 2-3 true leaves, the seedling spacing is 3-4cm. Water and fertilizer should be fertilized according to the seedling situation and weather, and rotten human feces and urine should be the mainstay.

In frost and ice and snow weather, it should be covered with plastic film and shade net for insulation, which can cover small arches. Dry crops can be applied on sunny days after spring, which can irrigate thousands of crops and control pests and diseases. In the early stage of spring spinach, it should be covered with plastic film for insulation, which can be directly covered on the frame.

After emergence, remove the film or replace it with a small arch shed. The small arch shed should be covered day and night, and the rain cover should be uncovered on sunny days, so that the seedlings can see more light, raise more seedlings, and plant seedlings in time. After the emergence of summer spinach seedlings, it is still necessary to cover the sunshade net, shade the sun and expose the shade, and cover the evening and early dew to facilitate cooling and heat preservation.

The seedling stage should be watered frequently in the morning and evening. After 2-3 true leaves have grown, apply two fast-acting nitrogen fertilizers. After each fertilization, it should be watered to promote growth.