What are the four physiological characteristics of rice? What are the characteristics of hybrid rice

First, the root system is well developed.

Hybrid rice has many roots, thick and long roots, deep roots, and wide distribution. Therefore, the absorption capacity is strong. The growth, nutrient accumulation and operation of the aboveground part and the underground part of the plant are relatively coordinated, the stalk is stout, drought tolerant and lodging resistant, no premature aging, and the regeneration ability is strong.

Second, the growth is vigorous.

Due to the strong root system, the aboveground part of the stalk is thick, the tillering ability is strong, and the regeneration ability is also strong, and at the same time, the leaf color is dark green, the leaves are wide and thick, and the leaf area is large, so the nutrients produced by photosynthesis are more. In addition, photorespiration is lower, so it consumes less and accumulates more. The seedling stage is more resistant to low temperature, and the tillering is early and fast, which is conducive to cultivating multi-tillering and strong seedlings.

Third, the spike is large and the grain is many.

Conventional rice generally has about 80 grains per panicle, while hybrid rice generally has about 150 grains per panicle.

Fourth, wide adaptability.

In the rice area of the Yangtze River Basin, hybrid rice can be used for medium rice planting, double cropping late rice planting, and in South China, it can also be used for cultivating double cropping hybrid rice. Regardless of mountainous areas, hilly areas, or plain areas, as well as fertile fields, lean fields, deep mud foot fields, or shallow mud foot fields, planting hybrid rice can increase yields.

Fifth, the rice quality is good.

The nutritional value of hybrid rice is high, with a protein content of 9 5 10 5, which is 1 2 higher than that of conventional rice, and a fat content of 2 6 2 8, which is 0 5 higher than that of conventional rice. The brown rice yield is high.

Compared with upland crop production, rice production has at least the following three characteristics:

First, rice production must have adequate water resources.

Rice originates from low-lying swampy areas and is a semi-aquatic plant, suitable for growth and development in aquiferous or humid conditions.

Therefore, rice production must be carried out with adequate irrigation or sufficient rain.

Although rice can also be grown or cultivated dry, the yield, quality and stability are not as good as those produced in paddy fields with irrigation conditions.

Second, rice has a wide range of adaptability.

There are many types of rice varieties, not only indica and japonica rice, but also the difference between early rice, middle rice and late rice, and the difference between early maturing varieties, medium maturing varieties and late maturing varieties, so the area suitable for rice production is very wide.

China can grow rice from Taiwan in the east, Xinjiang in the west, Hainan Island in the south, and Heilongjiang in the north.

Due to the strong resistance of rice, not only can rice be grown on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau above 2,500 meters above sea level, but also many low-lying and waterlogged rivers and coastal saline-alkali lands and other lands that are not suitable for dryland crops can also be developed for rice planting.

Third, there are many links in rice production and it is highly technical.

Rice production is different from dryland crop production, which generally requires seedling transplanting, so there are two major production links: seedling raising and Honda stage.

In the north, the seedling raising period is mostly carried out in early spring, the temperature is low, and the seedlings grow and develop under the condition of mulching, which is difficult to manage and technical.

1. Growth period of rice varieties The life cycle of rice includes two stages: vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and the beginning of the differentiation of young panicles is generally used as a sign of the beginning of reproductive growth. The vegetative growth stage is the growth of the vegetative body of rice, which is divided into the seedling stage and the tillering stage. In terms of production, it is divided into the seedling field stage and the large (original) field stage (from transplanting.

Rice is a short-day crop, which likes high temperature, humidity, and sufficient sunshine in the climatic environment, and has low requirements for soil, and is mainly produced in the southern region of China. The germination temperature of rice is 10-12, the heading temperature is 25-35, the cold tolerance of the plant is poor, the critical temperature is 13, and the growth of the plant will be affected at the low temperature of the land.

Rice growing conditions.

Rice is a short-day crop, like high temperature, humidity, sunshine climate environment, soil requirements are not strict, the main production area is in the southern region of China.

The germination temperature of rice is 10-12, the heading temperature is 25-35, the cold tolerance of the plant is poor, the critical temperature is 13, and the growth of the plant below this temperature will be affected.

Rice growth period and process.

Native to China and India, rice is now widely distributed around the world and grows at a fast rate, generally with a growth cycle of about two to three months.

The life of rice will go through many stages such as germination stage, seedling jointing stage, tillering stage, booting stage, heading stage, grain filling stage, etc., but the growth of plants is affected by various factors, and its specific boundaries are not very obvious.

Rice planting process and method.

1. Seed treatment: Rice planting can be done by sowing seeds, first cleaning the seeds, sterilizing and then germination, and controlling the temperature at about 30 to germinate soon.

2. Land preparation: If you want high yield of rice, you need to ensure the fertility of the substrate, combine cultivating and weeding, add an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and potassium sulfate to the soil, and stir evenly.

3. Transplanting: Rice should not be cultivated too densely, the row spacing should be about 10 cm, and the root system should be inserted into the soil by hand to know that it is completely covered by the soil.

Rice contains water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals, and vitamins, among others. Water is an important chemical component of rice, it has a significant impact on the physiology of rice, and it is also closely related to the storage and processing of rice. The moisture content of rice is around 14%.

Oryza satival) is a cereal crop of the genus Rice, and the representative species is rice. Rice is native to China and India, and was cultivated by the ancestors of the Yangtze River valley 7,000 years ago.

Carbohydrates (including starch, cellulose, hemicellulose and soluble sugars, etc.) are the main components of rice, accounting for about 65% of rice, of which starch is the most. Starch is mainly divided into two types: amylose and amylopectin. Amylopectin is the main component of rice starch, glutinous rice contains only 1% 2% amylose, and japonica rice and indica rice contain about 8% 28% amylose.

Protein is an important material basis for life, and occupies an extremely important position in the nutrition of the human body and organisms.

The protein content of rice is generally 8 to 10 percent. Gluten is the main protein of brown rice (accounting for 2 3 4 5 of protein), and the distribution law of gluten is that the content of the central part of the rice grain is the highest, and the content is lower with the outer layer. By-products such as rice germ and rice bran contain more lysine and lower concentrations of glutamic acid than finished rice.

Lipids (including fats and lipids), fats are made up of glycerol and fatty acids. The most important function of fat in biology is to supply heat, and lipids play a major role in the regulation of metabolism, and lipids mainly include waxes, phospholipids, sterols and other substances. The fat content of rice is about 2%, the wax is mainly found in the cortical fat (rice bran oil), the content is 3% 9% of rice bran oil, and phospholipids account for 3% 12% of the total fat of rice.

Minerals and vitamins vary mainly depending on the composition of the soil at the time of production and the variety. The minerals of rice are mainly found in the husk, embryo and cortex, while the endosperm is very smallTherefore, the higher the precision of rice processing, the lower the mineral content.

The vitamins of rice are mainly distributed in the aleurone layer and in the embryo. In recent years, Jiangsu, Hubei and other provinces have cultivated a variety of selenium-rich rice, with a selenium content greater than 50

Hello, rice is one of the main food crops in the world. It belongs to the genus Oryza L, an annual herbaceous plant.

Rice is an important grain crop in China, and the perennial sown area and total output account for the first place among grain crops. In the world's rice production, China's yield and total output are in the advanced ranks. China's rice cultivation area accounts for about 1 4 percent of the world's total rice cropping area and 1 3 of the country's grain sowing area, while its output accounts for about 37 percent of the world's total rice production and nearly 45 percent of the country's total grain output.

Rice production occupies a very important position in the national economy. Rice contains 76%-79% starch, 8%-10% protein (12%-15% for high-content varieties), and fat. Rice protein contains a variety of nutrients such as lysine with high nutritional value.

Among cereal crops, rice contains the least crude fiber, and the digestibility and absorption rate of various nutrients are high, which is most suitable for human needs. Therefore, rice is the main food of our people. Hope, thank you!