Why is it said that the text is a book, and the exegetes who use words and sounds also give examples

Shuowen Jie Zi is the masterpiece of Xu Shen, a master of ancient Chinese literature and classics in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and is the first dictionary in China to systematically analyze the shape of characters, explain the meaning of words, and distinguish sound reading. This book completely preserves the shape of the small seal and some of the ancient characters of the pre-Qin period, reflects the appearance of ancient Chinese vocabulary, concentrates the achievements of exegesis in the Han Dynasty, and also contains rich information on ancient social politics, economy, military, law, science and technology, dialects, and colloquialisms, which has high research value, so it has been paid attention to by later generations of scholars and regarded as a great work of literary exegesis. "Shuowen Jie Zi" became a specialized study after the Tang and Song dynasties.

In the Qing Dynasty, with the revival of Sinology, the study of Shuowen Jie Zi became more in-depth, more conscious and prosperous. Due to the advocacy of Gu Yanwu, Dai Zhen and others, scholars realized the relationship between the study of the study of literal exegesis and the study of learning: "Take literacy as the beginning of reading the scriptures, and take the poor scriptures as the way to understand righteousness and reason", so they vied with each other to study the "Shuowen Interpretation of Words", and produced a variety of works on the study of "Shuowen Interpretation of Words", such as Duan Yuxi's "Commentary on Shuowen Interpretation of Words", Gui Fu's "Explanation of Sentences and Interpretations of Words", Wang Yun's "Reading of Sentences and Interpretations of Sayings", Zhu Junsheng's "Interpretation of Sayings and Texts" and other famous works.

Among them, the highest achievements are Duan Yuci's "Commentary on the Interpretation of Words" and Zhu Junsheng's "Commentary on the Text", and Duan Shu is even higher than Zhu Shu.

Words are the solidification of language, and words must be turned into language in order to realize its value as a communication tool. If there are only graphics, and there is no pronunciation and tone, then it is not called words, it is called symbols.

1 The whole book of "Shuowen" explains the text, but when interpreting the text, it also contains the interpretation of the sound and exegesis (e.g., horse, anger, wuye, like the shape of a horse's head and tail and four legs. Among them, anger and martial arts are the source of exploring the source and trying to release the name, which belongs to the sound training in exegesis, and the purpose is to push the source.

And "like a horse's head and a fashionable tail, four-legged shape" explains the glyph. Another example: 駾, the appearance of horses.

From the horse, to the sound. "Poem" said: "Kunyi is a dragon".

From a certain voice, explain the form and speak of the voice, "the poem says......It is an accompanying paraphrase in the exegesis. There is also the pronunciation, which is almost equivalent to saying the pronunciation. ）。

All Xu Shen's "shape sound" and "reading Ruo" are in line with the ancient sound (for example, 駾, tui4, through the mother character, and Dui is the fixed mother, and the rhyme part is the moon part, so it is compatible with the ancient sound). Some are ancient orthophonic (the same as the ancient sound, e.g., "龢, tone also, read with 'and';'On the horse and Wu, the sound is different, one is Ming, one is micro, but the ancient sound is the same), some are ancient consonants (the sound is close and combined, that is, the turn or through the turn, many words, no example).

This passage is from the Qing Dynasty King Niansun's "Commentary on the Text of the Text: Preface".

The book "Shuowen" uses philology to include the knowledge of phonology and exegesis. All Xu Shen's explanations indicate "shape and sound", or "read ruo", all of them are based on ancient sounds. Some are ancient orthophonic (standard tones), and some are ancient consonants.