Kong Yiji reading, Kong Yiji original text

This is a reading comprehension topic.

I have learned it all in this Chinese textbook. You can take a look at it.

"Kong Yiji" fromLu XunHis short story** was first published in April 1919"New Youth".Vol. VI, No. 4, later compiled into ".Shout

** Describes Kong Yiji's decadent thoughts and imperial examination system in feudalism.

Under the poison, he was mentally pedantic and insensitive, industrious and destitute in life, and spent his time in people's ridicule and ridicule, and finally was devoured by the feudal landlord class.

The article is not long, but it profoundly exposes the poison of the imperial examination system to the spirit of intellectuals and the essence of the feudal system of "cannibalism", which has a strong anti-feudal significance.

Full text appreciation:

This work is the famous ** of Mr. Lu Xun, a giant of modern literature in China, and it is also one of the classic short stories in the history of Chinese literature in the 20th century. The author Fan Hong uses extremely frugal pen and ink and the details of typical nonsense to create the image of Kong Yiji, a scholar who was cruelly abandoned at the bottom of society, living in poverty, and finally being swallowed up by powerful dark forces.

Kong Yiji's pitiful and ridiculous personality traits and tragic ending are not only a vivid portrayal of the unfortunate fate of the vast number of lower-class intellectuals in old China, but also a traditional Chinese feudal culture.

The atmosphere is a concrete manifestation of the "cannibalistic" nature. Reveals feudal society.

The cold state of the world, the indifferent and numb mental state of the people and the coldness of the society towards the unfortunate reflect the decay and pathology of the feudal society from one side.

In Lu Xun. Why do you like this one the most?

In order to help students better understand this article, in the class of "Kong Yiji", I started with the three elements of **.

Start with a close focus on the plot, characters, and environment, so as to better lead students to understand the theme of **. The lesson is designed like this:

First of all, sort out the plot of **. The passages that directly describe Kong Yiji include: the drinker exposes the shortcomings and makes fun of Kong Yiji for stealing things (4 paragraphs); The drinker ridiculed Kong Yiji for not going to school (paragraph 6); Kong Yiji teaches young men to read and write (7 paragraphs); Kong Yiji divides fennel beans for children to eat (8 sections); Kong Yiji went to the hotel for the last time to drink (paragraph 11).

The interludes are paragraphs 5 and 10. The author goes from reality to history, from inside the store to outside the store, using interludes, exquisite and grand plots, through a twelve-year-old guy, through the events of decades before and after.

Secondly, analyze the persona. The author exaggerates and magnates the details.

Caricatures that outline characters are portraits; Cleverly designed dialogue, repeatedly hinting at the character's character, fate presents the character's character; The tragedy of the characters is presented in strong contrasts, suggesting the fate of the characters. In this way, Kong Yiji, who is "the only one who wears a long shirt while standing and drinking", appears vividly in front of the reader.

Then, appreciate the environmental description of **. Why did Lu Xun write so much at the beginning of **? It seems to be an understatement, but it actually has a deep meaning.

Conventional hotels: curved ruler-shaped counters, short-clothed gangs, long-shirt customers, alternative Kong Yiji, etc., explain the background of the times.

Finally, there is the theme of the subject. Sun Fuyuan said in "Two or Three Things about Mr. Lu Xun": "The main intention of the author of "Kong Yiji" is to describe the indifference of ordinary society to the bitter people.

It is sympathy for the miserable, and dissatisfaction with the society. The entire value of Kong Yiji's existence is only "nineteen dollars". When "Nineteen Dollars" was wiped off the chalkboard, he disappeared from the cold society.

In our teaching staff, it has always been said that Kong Yiji was poisoned to death by feudal culture and education, and was a feudal society that was sinned.

devoured. To be precise, the cause of Kong Yiji's tragedy has both social and self-causes. Imperial examination system.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, when the imperial examination became an individual's "glory of returning to his hometown in fine clothes and adding to his robes", as long as a scholar could climb the dragon gate, he could only be worth ten times. Many scholars died of old age and fell victim to the imperial examination system.

In addition, he also has many reasons for his own existence: he is keen on the imperial examination, he is lazy to drink, he is insensitive, and he does not come to his senses until he dies. Lu Xun said, "My materials are mostly collected from the unfortunate people in the sick society, which means that I am taking out the suffering and attracting the attention of healing."

**Through the details, portray this ridiculous, pitiful, pathetic Kong Yiji. Kong Yiji's proud identity as a scholar was stripped away little by little, and his so-called little "advantage" was finally lost, and he lost his human dignity.

The author writes about the characters around Kong Yiji, writes about mourning with music, and multiplies his mourning. It transcends the scope of personal tragedy and reveals a broader meaning of social tragedy.

From Kong Yiji's side, ** reflects the poison of feudal culture and feudal education on scholars, and indicts the evil of the imperial examination system; From the people's side, ** reveals the hot and cold state of the feudal society, the mental state of people's indifference and numbness, and the coldness of the society to the unfortunate, which reflects the decay and pathology of feudal society from one side. Through the overall description of the appearance, Kong Yiji's special identity is revealed. "Kong Yiji is the only person who wears a long shirt while standing and drinking.

The overall description of this appearance summarizes the special identity of the characters in a concentrated and concise manner, and foreshadows the inevitability of tragedy. Through portrait depiction, Kong Yiji's misadventures are revealed. "Pale complexion, often with some scars between wrinkles; a disheveled gray beard".

He paints the image of an old scholar who is poor and often beaten. The contrast of the portraits before and after the broken leg shows the tragedy of his encounter. Through the detailed description of the costumes, Kong Yiji's lazy and face-loving characteristics are revealed.

Although it was a long shirt, it was dirty and torn, and it seemed that it had not been mended or washed for more than ten years." is dirty and broken, and has not been washed or repaired for a long time, which shows that Kong Yiji is very poor; This is just one long shirt, which shows that he is very lazy and refuses to even do the laundry. refused to take off such a long shirt for fear of losing his identity as a scholar.

Through the description of a torn robe, the author reveals Kong Yiji's social status, ideological character, and education very profoundly. Through personalized language descriptions, Kong Yiji's self-pretentious, pedantic, and self-deceiving character is revealed. The texts describe him many times as full of "Zhihu Ye", reflecting how deeply he was poisoned by feudal education.

Kong Yiji used the so-called "holy words" in the "Four Books" and "Five Classics" to justify himself, and even said that stealing books was "stealing books cannot be regarded as stealing". These personalized words are very expressive of the characters' distinct personalities. Through the description of the characters' actions and demeanor, Kong Yiji's kind heart is revealed.

Kong Yiji taught "me" to read and write, and gave fennel beans to each child, showing his kind heart. The article intercepts a period of Kong Yiji's life, and condenses the plot that can best show Kong Yiji's life, Zao Libu's character and fate into several scenes, so that the storyline is concentrated and concise. Through the eyes of a young man, the author used a few close-up shots to show Kong Yiji's appearance, his contempt and ridicule, and then turned to the description of Kong Yiji's mutilation and imminent death.

The simple storyline is based on the author's elaborate stool and artistic conception, showing extremely deep themes.