The four orders of expository essays, the order of expository essays and their functions

Commonly used description sequences include chronological order, spatial order, program order, logical order, etc. Explain the development process of things, and it is advisable to use chronological order; To illustrate the situation of different parts of the object, it is advisable to use spatial order; Explain the process of making the item, and it is appropriate to use the sequence of procedures; To explain the internal relationship of things, it is advisable to use a logical order. There is some flexibility in both spatial and logical order.

First talk about up and down, and then talk about the surroundings, which is the spatial order; Let's talk about the surroundings first, and then talk about the top and bottom, which is also a spatial order. Talking about the cause first, then the effect, is a logical order; Talking about the effect first, and then the cause, is also a logical order. What kind of spatial order and what kind of logical order to adopt should be decided according to the process of observation and understanding, and according to the purpose and effect of the explanation.

1 Chronological order.

The chronological order is to explain things according to the process of their occurrence and development. This order is often used in expository texts that describe how things develop and change. Generally, the explanation is in the order of time and development stage, for example, writing about organisms in the order of reproduction and growth process, writing about things in the order of formation and evolution process, etc.

2 Spatial order.

The spatial order describes things in order of their orientation. This order is often used in physical explanatory texts that illustrate the shape and structure. - It is flexibly arranged according to the spatial location or component of the physical object, according to the order of up and down, left and right, front and back, inside and outside, east, west, north and south, etc.

3 Logical order.

The logical order is arranged according to the relationship between facts, and this arrangement conforms to the law of people's understanding of things. This order is often used in expository essays that introduce more complex things and phenomena, as well as expository texts that introduce facts. Generally, it is explained in the order of shallow to deep, from easy to difficult, from concrete to abstract, from simple to complex, and from major to secondary.

4 Procedural Order.

The program sequence is to explain the production process of an item or the implementation process of a certain project, and to explain things according to the process flow or implementation procedure. This sequence is often used to introduce process production or the implementation of scientific and technological projects.

5 How to sort out the order of explanations.

When reading an expository text, how do you sort out the order in which it is explained? This requires analyzing the hierarchical structure of the article, accurately understanding and summarizing the meaning of the paragraph, first of all, to find out what the article first stated, what was explained, and then what was explained, briefly summarized each part, and then analyzed the author's ideas from the summarized outline, and sorted out the order of the article.

Expository essays are divided into explanatory essays and explanatory essays. Expository texts generally use chronological and spatial order, and we read such articles to grasp the key words that represent time and space in order to distinguish them. Expository texts generally use a logical order to explain the cause and effect, so we need to grasp the content of the explanation in general so that we can understand the order of the explanation.

6 How to identify the order of explanation.

To identify the order of explanation, it is generally necessary to consider the following three aspects: Explain the organizational characteristics of the object itself. Writing buildings (groups) generally behaves in spatial order; Writing about the causes of things often goes from essence to phenomenon or vice versa, and sometimes from primary to secondary or from cause to effect, or vice versa.

To identify these sequences, one should carefully appreciate the original text.

<> common order of instructions and their functions are as follows:

1. Logical order.

That is, according to the internal logical relationship between things and things, or from individual to general, or from concrete to abstract, or from primary to secondary, or from phenomenon to essence, or from cause to effect, etc. The function is to easily explain the relationship between things, introduce complex content in an orderly manner, and help to explain the various causal relationships between things and things.

or other logical relationships.

2. Chronological order is the order in which a certain thing is introduced in the order of the development process of the matter. The role is to use it appropriately in the article, which can play the finishing touch, explain clearly, make it clear to the reader, and explain the production technology.

Product production, working methods, historical development, textual evolution, character growth, and flora and fauna growth, etc.

3. The spatial order is explained in the order of the spatial structure of things, or from the outside to the inside, or from the top to the bottom, or from the whole to the part. The function is conducive to the comprehensive description of the characteristics of all aspects of things, in line with people's habits of observing things, and is the most reasonable order of all the orders.

In the expository text, what to say first and then is a problem that must be solved. Everything itself has a certain order, and people's cognitive process of objective things also has laws to follow. Therefore, the order of the expository text cannot be arbitrarily arranged, and the order in which a thing is explained depends on the characteristics of such things and the needs of expression. There are three main order of explanation.

1. Logical order.

There is an intrinsic connection between everything, things, and their parts, and because of the different nature of the connections, there are various complex situations between them, and a logical order is required to reflect the various complex situations in the explanation.

In expository texts, the common logical order is from primary to secondary, from phenomenon to essence, from cause to effect, from generalization to concreteness, from whole to part, from characteristic to use, etc.

2. Spatial order.

Expository texts generally use spatial order when explaining something. The shape construction of static things is often described in spatial order.

In the order of space, you can first give a general introduction to the whole, and then explain the parts in order of their position; You can also use a certain part as a base point, first make an introduction, and then explain the situation up and down, left and right, inside and outside, far and near, etc.

III. Chronological Order.

Things are developing and changing, and development and change are inseparable from time, and the order of time is convenient to express the stages and the situation of each stage in the process of development and change.

1 Chronological order.

That is, to introduce the order of explanation of a certain thing according to the sequence of the development process of the matter. The development and change of all things are inseparable from time, such as explaining production technology, product production, technical methods, historical development, text evolution, character growth, animal and plant growth, etc., all in chronological order.

2 Spatial order.

That is, according to the way things exist in space, or from the outside to the inside, or from the top to the bottom, or from the whole to the part to be introduced, this order of explanation is conducive to a comprehensive explanation of the characteristics of all aspects of things. This order is usually used to describe a static entity (e.g., a building, etc.).

3 Logical order.

That is, according to the internal logical relationship of things and things, or from the individual to the general, or from the concrete to the abstract, or from the main to the secondary, or from the phenomenon to the essence, or from the cause to the effect, progressively, or from the general to the concrete, or from the characteristics to the use, or from the whole to the part, one by one.

Whether it is a physical thing, such as mountains, rivers, flowers, trees, utensils, etc., or abstract things, such as thoughts, opinions, concepts, principles, technologies, etc., it is suitable to explain in a logical order. There are three explanatory sequences for expository texts.

The logical order is mainly divided into 12 types: from cause to effect, from major to secondary, from whole to part, from generalization to concrete, from phenomenon to essence, from concrete to general, from effect to cause, from secondary to primary, from part to whole, from concrete to general, from essence to phenomenon, from general to concrete.

Whether it is a physical thing, such as mountains, rivers, flowers, trees, utensils, etc., or abstract things, such as thoughts, opinions, concepts, principles, technologies, etc., it is suitable to explain all kinds of causal relationships or other logical relations between things and things in a logical order, and it is most appropriate to write in a logical order.

There are three types of explanatory order: temporal order, spatial order, and logical order. The order of explanation refers to the order that can fully express the characteristics of things or things themselves, and also refers to the order that conforms to people's understanding of things and the laws of things. If you want to write a good expository essay, you must first grasp the characteristics of the object of explanation, and secondly, the most important thing is to use a reasonable order of explanation.

Among them, chronological order refers to the introduction of a certain thing according to the sequence of the development process of the matter; The logical order is one of the common explanatory sequences, that is, according to the internal logical relationship of things, from the individual to the general, or from the concrete to the abstract, or from the main to the secondary, or from the phenomenon to the essence, or from the cause to the effect, or from the general to the concrete, or the characteristics to the use, or from the whole to the part of the introduction and explanation one by one.

The spatial order is explained in the order of the spatial structure of things, which is conducive to comprehensively explaining the characteristics of all aspects of things. A reasonable and correct order of explanation can correctly clarify the idea of the article, and it can also help the reader understand, and the order of explanation is even more indispensable in the expository essay and other narrative styles.