Basic characteristics and clinical characteristics of infectious diseases

1.There are pathogens Each infectious disease has its own specific pathogens, and the focus includes viruses, ricketts, bacteria, fungi, spirochetes, protozoa, etc. 2. Infectious pathogens are excreted from the host and reach the body of new susceptible people through a certain way, showing a certain degree of infectivity, and its infectious intensity is related to the type, quantity, virulence, and immune status of susceptible people.

3 Epidemic, endemic, seasonal (1) Epidemic is divided according to the intensity and breadth of the epidemiological process of infectious diseases. Sporadic: refers to the scattered occurrence of infectious diseases in the population; Popular:

It refers to the incidence of a certain infectious disease in a certain area or a certain unit in a certain period of time, which exceeds the incidence level of the same period of the previous year; Pandemic: refers to the rapid spread and spread of an infectious disease in a short period of time, exceeding the general epidemic intensity; Outbreak: refers to the sudden appearance of a large number of patients with the same disease in a certain area or unit in a short period of time.

2) Endemic, refers to some infectious diseases or parasitic diseases, in which the intermediate host, affected by changes in geographical conditions and temperature conditions, is often confined to a certain geographical range. Such as insect-borne infectious diseases, natural epidemic diseases. (3) Seasonality refers to the incidence of infectious diseases, which increases seasonally during the year.

This is related to changes in temperature and humidity. 4 Immunity After the recovery of an infectious disease, the human body is insensitive to the same infectious disease pathogen, which is called immunity. Different infectious diseases and post-illness immunity status are different, some infectious diseases can be immunized for life after one illness, and some can also be infected.

It can be divided into the following types of infections. (1) Reinfection The same infectious disease is infected by the same pathogen after a certain period of time after a certain period of time has been completely cured. (2) Repeated infection: A certain disease is re-invaded by the same pathogen and infected during the onset of the disease.

Schistosomiasis, filariasis, and malaria are the most common. (3)** The course of the disease has been transferred to the recovery period or is close to healing, and the pathogen reappears and multiplies, and the original symptoms reappear. Typhoid fever is the most common.

4) Re-ignition The clinical symptoms have been relieved, but the body temperature is not normal and rises again, and the symptoms are slightly aggravated. Seen in typhoid fever.

1) There are pathogensEach infectious disease has its own specific pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, spirochetes and protozoa.

2) Infectious pathogens are excreted from the host and reach the new susceptible person through a certain way, showing a certain degree of infectivity. The intensity of the infection is related to the type, quantity, virulence, and immune status of susceptible pathogens.

3) Epidemic, endemic, and seasonal.

4) After the immune infectious disease is cured, the body is not susceptible to the same infectious disease pathogen, which is called immunity. Different infectious diseases have different immune status, some infectious diseases can be immunized for life after one illness, and some diseases can be re-infected.

Chapter 12 Infectious Diseases 05 Basic Characteristics of Infectious Diseases: Pathogens, Infectiousness, Epidemiological Characteristics, Post-Infection Immunity.

Answer]: C Analysis: Characteristics of Infectious Diseases:

The main difference between infectious diseases and other diseases is that they have the following four basic characteristics: (1) Pathogens: Every infectious disease is caused by specific pathogens, including microorganisms and parasites.

2) Contagious: This is the main difference between infectious diseases and other infectious diseases. (3) Epidemiological characteristics:

The epidemic process of infectious tuberculosis shows various characteristics under the influence of natural and social factors. (4) Post-infection immunity: After the human body is infected with a pathogen, whether it is overt or hidden, it can produce specific immunity against the pathogen and its products (such as toxins).

Master the knowledge points of "factors, basic characteristics, diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases that affect the epidemic process".

Answer]: The basic characteristics of infectious diseases are pathogens, infectiousness, post-infection immunity and epidemiological symptoms (epidemic, seasonal, endemic).

Answer]: B Characteristics of infectious diseases:

The main difference between infectious diseases and other diseases is that they have the following four basic characteristics:

1.There are pathogensEvery infectious disease is caused by a specific pathogen, including microbiotics and parasites.

2.It is contagious, which is the main difference between infectious diseases and other infectious diseases. Trillion sleepy.

3.Epidemiological characteristicsThe epidemic process of infectious diseases exhibits various characteristics under the influence of natural and social factors.

4.Post-infection immunity After the human body is infected with a pathogen, whether it is overt or occult, it can produce specific immunity against the pathogen and its products (such as toxins).

1) All kinds of infectious diseases have their own specific pathogens;

2) Infectious diseases are contagious and epidemic;

3) Infectious diseases have immunity after infection;

4) The course of the disease has a certain regularity.

Answer]: C Test Center: Basic characteristics of infectious diseases; Analysis:

Infectious diseases are distinguished from other diseases by the following characteristics: 1 pathogenic, 2 infectious, 3 epidemiological characteristics, including epidemic, seasonal, endemic, 4 post-infection immunity four basic characteristics, each infectious disease is caused by a specific pathogen, excluding a and d. The main difference between infectious diseases and other infectious diseases is that they are contagious.

Infectious diseases also have epidemiological characteristics, including epidemic, endemic, seasonal, and exclusion b, e. In addition, infectious diseases have the characteristics of immunity or epidemic after infection, so C is selected for this question. Error avoidance:

This question is relatively simple, it is a memorization question, and it is important to keep in mind the 6 characteristics of the basic characteristics of infectious diseases, as the other options are easy to choose wrong.

Answer]: First as d

Test center: The basic characteristics of infectious disease are pathogen, infectiousness, epidemiological characteristics, and post-infection immunity. This is the beginning.

a.Caused by pathogens.

b.It has a certain regionality.

c.It is contagious.

d.It has epidemic infiltration.

Correct answer: Contagious.