How to maintain water balance in the human body 20

I can't control it.

The daily water and discharge of normal people are in a state of dynamic equilibrium, and the amount of water and discharge is maintained at about 2500ml per day, and the water in the body includes about 1200ml of drinking water, about 1000ml of water in food, and about 300ml of endogenous water.

The excretion of water in the body is mainly through the kidneys, accounting for about 60%, followed by the excretion through the lungs, ** and feces, with a total excretion of about 2500ml. The normal balance of water in the body is regulated by the thirst center, vasopressin secreted by the pituitary gland, and the kidneys.

The human body can maintain the balance of water in the body by regulating the amount of urine, and the excess of water in the human body can weaken the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules and collecting ducts, that is, the urine output increases, the water in the human body is insufficient, and the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules and collecting ducts in the body is enhanced, and urination is reduced. But it can only be adjusted within a certain range.

As long as the body is healthy, there is no need to deliberately adjust it, your own body's water and salt will regulate itself. If the water and salt are not balanced, the body is either edema or dehydrated, and you will be in the hospital long ago. So don't pay attention.

The body's water balance is the result of the combined action of the nervous system and the endocrine system......When thirsty, the hypothalamic osmoreceptors are excited, the pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone to promote the reabsorption of water in the renal tubules and collecting ducts, and the cerebral cortex produces thirsty ......And vice versa......

To maintain the body's water balance, you need to do the following:

Make sure you drink enough water every day.

Eat more foods that are high in water, such as vegetables and fruits.

Avoid long-term exposure to high temperatures, dry and dismantling of bridges.

Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, diuretic drinks such as detoxifying coffee.

Salt intake is properly controlled to avoid water loss in the body.

It is mainly through the nerve and endocrine systems that work together on the kidneys to maintain the balance of body fluids.

Normal osmotic pressure of body fluids is maintained first by the hypothalamic-posterior pituitary-antidiuretic hormone (ADH) system, followed by the renin-aldosterone system. The main regulatory mechanisms are:

1) When the body loses water, the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid increases, resulting in thirst, increasing water intake, increasing ADH secretion, increasing water absorption by epithelial cells of distal convoluted renal tubules and collecting ducts, decreasing urine output, decreasing the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid, and retaining water in the body.

2) When there is an increase in water in the body, the regulatory mechanism is the opposite of the above, with a decrease in ADH secretion and an increase in urine output.

3) When the blood volume is reduced, the intravascular pressure decreases, the blood pressure of the renal entry arterioles decreases, the secretion of renin by the paraglomerular cells increases, and the catalytic conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin catalyzes the constriction of arterioles and the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex, and the reabsorption of sodium and water increases, and the amount of fine extracellular fluid increases from the rock.

Water is very important for the physiological development and metabolism of the human body, without the participation of water, cell metabolism will be disordered, and development will stop, so it is necessary to maintain water balance, so as to be beneficial to health. So how do you maintain water balance? First of all, it is necessary to find out the loss of human water quality.

The loss of water in the human body has 4 channels of split acres:

1) Urination. The human body needs to excrete waste from urine every day, and the amount of excretion is closely related to water intake and temperature, and the average urine needs to be about 1400 ml. If the amount of urine is too low, harmful waste will be retained in the body, which can easily cause poisoning.

2) Feces. In the normal process of defecation, about 100 ml of water is taken away every day through defecation, and more water is excreted during diarrhea.

3) Breathe. The human body has to breathe all the time, and there is a certain humidity in the exhaled air. The average human body loses 400 millilitres of water a day through respiration.

4) Evaporation. In winter and spring, a person loses an average of 600 ml of water during a day and night, and in summer, when the weather is hot, a person can lose 2,500 ml of water by sweating.

Under normal circumstances, a person who does not sweat will lose 2500 ml of water from the above 4 aspects. In order to maintain the balance of water in the human body, at least 2500 ml of water should be supplemented a day to meet the normal physiological and metabolic needs of the human body. So what about the ** of human body water.

1) Metabolize water. When proteins, fats, and sugars are metabolized in the human body, in addition to producing energy and calories, they also need to produce a certain amount of water, which is estimated to produce about 300 ml of water a day based on the usual mixed diet.

2) Solid food. Foods, including vegetables and fruits, contain water, and the human body digests and ingests the nutrients in these foods at the same time, and also takes in a certain amount of water, with an average of about 1,000 ml of water ingested from solid air source food every day.

3) Drink water. Beverages, milk, etc. The amount of water in the human body and the water in solid food is only about 1300 ml, and 1200 ml of water needs to be supplemented to achieve water balance.

1200 ml of water needs to be obtained from drinking water and beverages. Therefore, in order to maintain water balance, even if the human body is not thirsty, it should supplement at least 1200 ml of water to meet the needs of the human body.

Modulation by humoral (antidiuretic hormone). When the osmotic pressure in the body is high, that is, when there is a lack of water, the posterior pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone (synthesized by certain nerve cells), which acts on the renal tubules and collecting ducts, and the rubber enhances the reabsorption of water, and the urine output decreases, thereby increasing the osmotic pressure. When the tooth penetrates longer, the release of this hormone is less widened and urine output increases.

Look at high school biology compulsory three. There's ** inside.