Introduction to Li Zhen s life Thank you, introduce Li Zhen s thoughts

In the process of opposing political corruption and Song Ming theory, Li Zhen formed his political thoughts, mainly including:

1. Advocate the emancipation of individuality and freedom of thought. Li Zhen struggled all his life for the emancipation of individuality and freedom of thought. He despised traditional authority and dared to criticize it.

2. Shihu advocates the equality of human beings. Li Zhen believes that according to the principle of the unity of all things, there is no distinction between the superior and the inferior in society.

3. Oppose feudal etiquette. Li Zhen also attacked the Confucian classics that were regarded as golden rules by the feudal rulers, arguing that the six classics of Confucian classics, such as the Analects and Mencius, were not all the words of sages, but were formed by later generations and could not be regarded as eternal truths.

4. Oppose the empty talk of science and advocate utilitarianism.

5. The political ideal of "doing nothing". In response to the corrupt politics of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zhen put forward the idea of "doing nothing, ruling silently, and teaching without words". He believed that the frequent turmoil in human society was the result of the interference of rulers in social life.

His ideal of "rule by man" is "because of man", conforming to nature and secular people's feelings, that is, "because it is not easy to govern its customs, it is not easy to follow its nature", and does not interfere or interfere less in the social life of human beings.

The core of Li Zhen's thought is to advocate independent thinking and oppose Confucius's dogma as the standard of right and wrong.

Permit. He was particularly disgusted with the feudal officials who used Confucius's dogma to teach others, and waged a-for-tat struggle with them. He openly said that these people "although they are called learning, they really don't know how to learn, and they often fail to learn from the beginning."

Li Zhen also criticized some so-called "scholars" at that time, who were actually hypocrites, and he despised even more those in the feudal officialdom who could only flatter and had no actual skills, believing that the imperial court was dedicated to such people who did not learn and did not know how to do it, so if the country had trouble, there would be no one to use it temporarily.

Li Zhen's thoughts, words and deeds were a huge shock wave in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, so he was ruthlessly attacked by feudal officials and feudal defenders, and finally went to prison and died in prison at the age of 76.

The formation of Li Zhen's philosophical thought has undergone a process of transformation from the theory of reason to the theory of mind. Li Zhen advocated that all things in the universe are born of heaven and earth, and rejected Cheng Zhuli's objective idealism that theory can be angry and one can give birth to two.

Li Zhen also believes that people's morality, spirituality, and other phenomena exist in people's material life, and dressing and eating, that is, human ethics physics, is the famous theory he put forward, which is an idea with simple materialism.

Li Zhen believed in Wang Yangming's theory of mind, so the center of his entire philosophical system was subjective idealism. He believes that sincerity and childlike innocence are the most fundamental concepts and the origin of all things.

The natural world is "a little bit of my wonderful and sincere mind", there is no reason, there is no matter, all the material and spiritual things in the world only exist in the "true heart". What is "sincerity"? It is the childlike heart, the original heart, the original heart of the first thought, that is, my heart that is not affected by the outside world.

They are the source that governs everything and produces all appearances, which can be called the "pure source", and all things, mountains, rivers and the earth are in one thought, but they are only the manifestations of the true heart, the factors and components of the true heart, just like the relationship between the blisters and the sea water in the sea.

This view is in line with the Luwang School's "My heart is the universe, and the universe is my heart" and Zen Buddhism's "all the laws are in my heart".

Academically, Li Zhen lashed out at Cheng Zhu Lixue, which was highly respected by the ruling class, and denied that Confucius and Mencius were the supreme theory of eternity;

Morally, Li Zhen criticized traditional morality, advocated equality between men and women, and pursued personality development;

Philosophically, Li Zhen denied the existence of "Heavenly Principles" and put forward the view that "all things are born from two qi".

According to the analysis of writer Bai Yang Daxia, Novalis said that "philosophy is to go around with the impulse of nostalgia to find a home", and Li Zhen is to return to such an impulse to find the habitat of his spirit. Throughout his life, he pursued freedom and independence, pursued excellent innocence, pursued peace and harmony, and directly confronted traditional ethics and morality with vitriolic "heretical" thoughts.

Li Zhen's ideological proposition: pointing out that Confucius was not a natural saint, and the Confucian classics are not sacrosanct theories. He believed that the standard of right and wrong changed according to the changes of the times, and opposed using Confucius's right and wrong as the standard.

He criticized the false teachings of Taoists who "preserve the principles of heaven and destroy human desires", emphasizing people's legitimate selfish desires.

Li Zhen (1527-1602), known as Hongfu, known as Zhuowu, alias Wenling Jushi, Baiquan Jushi, Longhusuo, etc., was an outstanding progressive thinker, writer, historian of the Ming Dynasty, and an outstanding historical figure of the Chinese nation.

Li Zhen's birthday and place of birth, According to "Zhuo Wu's Commentary": The layman was born at the age of Jiajing Dinghai in the Ming Dynasty, when he was in the Yang month, and he had to count it all. That is, Li Zhen was born in October 1527.

Qingyuan Lin Li Genealogy and Chronology record that Li Zhen was born on October 26, 1526, the fifth year of Jiajing, but according to the records of Quanzhou Mansion Chronicles and Li Zhen's life to Jiaoma Jinglun and others, Li Zhen was seventy-six years old. "Guangxu Yihai School Former Li Branch: Genealogical Origins" also contains the ceremony of burying the late middle of the ancestral hall on the birthday of Zhuo Wu Zubo on October 26. From this, it can be inferred that Li Zhendang was born in the sixth year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, Dinghai (1527), the tenth spring, and the twenty-sixth day of the Li month.

Today's newly compiled "Quanzhou City Chronicles" and "Nan'an County Chronicles" are all based on him. "Zhuo Wu Commentary" and Yun Jushi was born in the spring, and the spring is the blessed land of Wenling Zen Master. The layman is called a Wenling person, and he should be called a Wenling layman.

On March 16, 1602, the thirtieth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Li Zhen committed suicide in prison. He was 76 years old. Buried in Hebei Tongzhou north gate outside the side of Ma's Zhuang Yingfu Temple, in October 1953 moved to Tongzhou north of Tonghui River north bank of the Great Compassion Forest Village (now Xihaizi Park).

Li Zhen is a native of Nan'an. Historically, it is mostly said that they are from Quanzhou or Jinjiang, but it is actually wrong. This theory was unearthed and discovered one after another after 1974.

This is confirmed by a large number of epitaphs, inscriptions, and genealogies. Therefore, the "Quanzhou City Chronicles" recompiled in 1986 and the "Nan'an County Chronicles" recompiled in 1984 clearly recorded Li Zhen's ancestral hometown of Nan'an and restored the original face of history.

There is always a process to the discovery of things. Because the era of Li Zhen's life is more than 400 years ago, time has passed, a large number of historical materials have been obliterated, and Li Zhen's writings were banned by the Ming and Qing courts, either burned or destroyed. Li Zhen has lived abroad for a long time, and the local historical sites are extremely limited.

Therefore, for a long time, Li Zhen's family history has been obliterated, and people have no choice but to take his birthplace Quanzhou or Jinjiang (Quanzhou City was under the jurisdiction of Jinjiang County in the Ming Dynasty) as their ancestral home.