What hardships and dangers the Red Army experienced in forcibly crossing the Wujiang River

Across the world, sad to cross the Wujiang River". Wujiang River is the largest river in Guizhou Province, a tributary of the right bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and was known as the Qianjiang River in ancient times.

Wujiang River is famous for its many beaches, deep valleys and rapid flows, and is known as "natural risk". The Wujiang River is more than 1,000 kilometers long, and passes diagonally through Guizhou from southwest to northeast, forming a natural barrier between the north and south of Guizhou.

In late April 1935, in accordance with the decision of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, under the leadership of the corps commander Luo Binghui and political commissar He Changgong, the Red Ninth Army marched to the northeast of Yunnan, occupied Xuanwei Yuanming in Yunnan on April 27, and controlled Dongchuan (Huize) in Yunnan Province on the Jinsha River on May 2.

The 7th Regiment of the 9th Red Army Corps came to the Jinsha River on 7 May, and fired at each other at the Straw Crossing. At about four o'clock in the afternoon, Hail Fan defeated the militia. At the same time, the reconnaissance company of the Ninth Army Corps searched along the riverside and looked for the masses to investigate.

It turned out that there were many boats at the Straw Ferry, and there was a salt farm twenty-five miles away from the Straw Ferry, where hundreds of salt workers made salt. When the salt police and tax collectors in the salt field heard that the Red Army was going to cross the river to Sichuan when they had entered Dongchuan, Yunnan, they gathered all the boats on this section of the river to the salt field two days earlier and took control of them, and blocked all the nearby ferries.

The vanguard of the Red Ninth Army searched up and down the ferry for a long time, forgetting that it was hot, thirsty, and tired. Seeing that the large force of the Red Ninth Army was about to arrive, if it could not cross the river in time, the enemy's pursuers would be surrounded in the canyon and found themselves in a predicament. Long Yungui, the commander of the reconnaissance company, found a broken boat that sank to the bottom of the river because he hated the beating and scolding of the salt police.

With the help of the Rao Shunqing brothers, the Red Army soldiers salvaged the boat and repaired it. Then, relying on this small boat, he ferried back and forth thirteen times by starlight, and ferried more than 200 Red Army commanders and fighters to the territory of Huili East District (now Huidong County) on the north bank. The commanders and fighters of the Red Army occupied the high ground on the north bank, that is, rushed to the salt works.

The salt policemen, tax collectors, and masters stationed in the salt works were full of the fact that they had blocked the ferry, controlled the boats, and were foolproof, and they were all gambling and playing cards or smoking cigarettes. When the Red Army entered the salt pan, there was a sudden shout of killing, and the enemy was stunned for a moment, and all of them were taken prisoner. The Red Army ordered all the boatmen to be mobilized and rowed the eighteen boats they had found successively to the Tree Straw Crossing.

After three days and three nights of non-stop rushing, the main force and equipment were crossed to the north bank, and the mules and horses of the army were rushed into the river to swim crossing. In this way, there was no one in the Ninth Regiment of the Red Army, and the brigade crossed the Jinsha River safely.

On January 1, 1935, the 4th Regiment of the 2nd Division of the 1st Red Regiment of the Left Advance Team approached the mouth of the river and found that the Ferry Avenue was the focus of the enemy's defense, so it decided to feint on the Ferry Avenue and attack the small road upstream of the ferry. In the case of forced crossing, it was changed to smuggling in the evening of the same day. Only 1 of the 3 rafts reached the opposite bank; On the morning of the 2nd, the 4th Regiment successfully crossed again, and after fierce fighting, broke the defense of 2 regiments of the 3rd Brigade, and occupied the Guizhou Army in the afternoon"Former enemy General Command"Location: Zhuchang (now Zhuzang).

By the 3rd, the column of the Military Commission and the Red Fifth Army Corps had crossed the Wujiang River one after another. On January 1, the 1st Regiment of the 1st Red Division of the 1st Red Regiment of the advance team on the right road arrived at the Huilongchang ferry port from Longxi, but the smuggling was unsuccessful in the afternoon of the same day. During the night, the forced crossing was successful, 1 regiment of the Guizhou Army was defeated, the beachhead was occupied, and the follow-up troops crossed the river.

By the 4th, the main force of the 1st Red Army and the 9th Red Army had crossed the river, and the remnants of the enemy retreated in the direction of Meitan. Subsequently, the 10th Regiment of the Red Third Army also crossed the Wujiang River at Chashan Pass. By the 6th, the ** Red Army had all crossed the Wujiang River.

In this battle, 3 regiments of the Kuomintang Army and the Guizhou Army were defeated.

The Red Army's Long March forcibly crossed the Wujiang River in Huilongchang, Leibo County, Guizhou today, located in the middle of the Dawujiang River, with Huilong Bridge as the center, up to Goupitan, down to Shashuiwan, about 15 kilometers long, with an area of 28 square kilometers.

On January 1, 1935, the Red Army crossed the Wujiang River from the south bank of the Wujiang River with the only boat, bravely defeated the Hou Zhidan troops stationed on the north bank, and successfully crossed the Wujiang River.

In those years, the Red Army's battle to break through the Wujiang River was fought at the same time from three places: the Jiangjiehe Ferry, the Longxi Huilongchang Ferry, and the Yankeng Ferry, and the forced crossing in all three places was successful. Among them, the first and most famous breakthrough was the battle of the Jiangjie River crossing. Jiangjie River is also the most dangerous place of Wujiang natural insurance.

On December 31, 1934, after receiving the military order to cross the Wujiang River, the Red 4th Regiment of the Red 2nd Division of the Red 3rd Army Corps immediately set off, and after a half-day rapid march, the troops arrived at the monkey field more than 100 miles south of the Wujiang River.

That night, the troops greeted the new year on the edge of the Wujiang River. The local people said that there are three conditions that must be met to cross the Wujiang River, namely:

First, there should be a large wooden boat;

Second, it must be a sunny day;

Third, there must be a good boatman who is familiar with the water nature of the Wujiang River.

However, when the Red 4th Regiment of the Red 2nd Army came to the ferry, the ferries were all burned down by the Kuomintang reactionaries, and the conditions above were not met. Moreover, both sides of the Wujiang River are steep cliffs. The south bank of the Wujiang River has to go down 10 miles of steep stone mountains to reach the riverside, and the north bank has to climb over 10 miles of enemy stone barren mountains to connect to the road leading to Zunyi and Tongzi.

The Wujiang River flows through the murmur walls. This section of the river is not wide, only about 250 meters, but the current speed is up to meters per second. The entire Wujiang River is like a dark blue dragon rushing to the northeast; No matter what you drop, it will be gone in the blink of an eye.

The Red Fourth Regiment began to make two trial crossings on the second day, rowing a bamboo raft for the second time. On January 2, 1935, when the bamboo raft of the brigade that had forcibly crossed the Wujiang River approached the shore, six warriors who had been waiting under the enemy's fortifications jumped out unexpectedly from under the enemy's nose. The regimental commander quickly organized the 1 battalion to cross the river and quickly occupied the high ground.

At this time, the 3rd Battalion was anxiously waiting by the river for the tool for crossing the river - bamboo rafts. Under the effective blow of the artillery fire of Zhao Zhangcheng's artillery company, the enemy troops who were attacking our beachhead troops were eliminated, and the beachhead troops took advantage of the situation to launch a fierce attack. The 3rd Battalion and other fraternal units, which had been waiting by the river for a long time, took advantage of the victory and crossed the Wujiang River on the pontoon bridge erected by the engineer battalion with bamboo rafts and door panels.

The Red 4th Regiment crossed the river.

At the same time, the forced crossing organized by the 1st Regiment of the 1st Red Division at the Longxi Huilongchang Ferry and the 3rd Regiment of the Red 5th Division of the Red 5th Army Corps at the Yankeng Ferry was also successful half a day later.

The engineer battalion quickly erected two pontoon bridges, and the Red 1st Regiment crossed the Wujiang River on the pontoon bridges. **The agency also crossed the river on the pontoon bridge.

The enemy's professed impregnable Wujiang River was finally broken through by the Red Army.

In this forcible battle, the first 22 warriors to fight over are called the Red Heroes. The head of the 22 heroes, Mao Zhenhua, commander of the 3rd Company of the Red 4th Regiment, won the Red Star Medal.

After the liberation, the story of the Red Army's breakthrough through the Wujiang River was made into a movie and put on the screen. This is indeed a typical example of attacking the west, taking them by surprise, attacking them unprepared, and attacking them by force and outwitting them.

At the Wujiang ferry port in Guizhou.

Wujiang River, named after the clear and green water of the river, runs through the whole province of Guizhou obliquely from southwest to northeast, divides Guizhou into two parts, north and south, and is a natural barrier of each line in northern Guizhou. The river is about 200 meters wide, the water is deep and rapid, and it is not easy to swim across; The north and south banks are cliffs, the boulders are towering, abrupt clouds, very steep, known as "Wujiang natural danger".

At this time, Chiang Kai-shek had already adjusted his deployment and pursued closely with 200,000 troops. Wang Jialie, commander of the 25 th Kuomintang Army and chairman of Guizhou Province, was greatly alarmed when he heard that the Red Army had broken through the heavy encirclement of the Kuomintang and entered eastern Qiandong, and immediately dispatched troops to defend all counties in northern Qianbei, especially along the north bank of the Wujiang River, in a vain attempt to block the Red Army with the help of the Wujiang River.

At this critical juncture, the 2nd Division of the 1st Red Army Corps was ordered to forcibly cross the Wujiang River from the vicinity of the crossing point of the Jiangjie River, and to cover the construction of bridges by the sappers so that the main force of the 2nd Division, the column of the Military Commission, and the 5th Army Corps of the Red Army could cross the river from there. After accepting the task, the commanders and fighters were full of confidence and marched to Wujiang in high spirits.

Wujiang River, the largest river in Guizhou Province, China, is a tributary of the right bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It is also known as the Qianjiang River. It originates from the Huayu Cave of Xianglu Mountain in Weining County, the provincial border, flows through northern Guizhou and southeast Sichuan, and flows into the Yangtze River in Fuling City, Sichuan Province, with a total length of 1,037 kilometers and a basin area of 10,000 square kilometers.

Above the confluence of the Liuchong River is the upstream, from the confluence to Sinan is the middle reach, and below Sinan is the downstream. The Wujiang River system is plume-shaped, the topography of the basin is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, and the karst development in the basin is developed. The terrain is dominated by plateaus, mountain plains, middle mountains and low hills.

Due to the large difference in elevation and strong cutting, the vertical change of the natural landscape is obvious. It is famous for its rapids, many beaches and narrow valleys, and is known as "natural risk".

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The Jinsha River is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with a wide river surface and large water waves. If the Red Army could not get through, it was in danger of being crushed into the gorge by the enemy and the entire army would be annihilated. In April 1935, on the eve of the arrival of the Red Army Brigade on the Jinsha River, the enemy on the riverside had plundered all the ships to the north bank.

On May 3, 1935, the comrades of the ** Military Commission Cadre Regiment accepted the task of snatching Kyaukpingdu. Without saying a word, they crossed the mountains and mountains for 90 kilometers day and night, and came to the bank of the Jinsha River that night. At the ferry, the comrades of the cadre regiment of the Military Commission were lucky enough to find a boat.

With the help of local farmers, a broken boat was fished out of the water. Then the comrades quietly crossed to the north shore on these two boats. The sentinels of the Orange enemy thought the spies were back and didn't pay much attention.

When approaching the north bank, the Red Army made a surprise attack, wiped out a company of regular troops and a security team in one fell swoop, and controlled both sides of Kyaukpyeongdu, and after the Red Army controlled Kyaukpyeongdu, with the help of the people, found 7 ferries, summoned more than 30 famous boatmen, and thousands of troops and horses began to cross the river. The Jinsha River is more than 140 meters wide, with 6 people per boat, 3 people in a shift, changing shifts every hour, treading the waves, shuttling day and night. From May 3 to 9, the main forces of the Red Army crossed the river on these seven small boats.

After crossing the Wujiang River in the south, the Ninth Army Corps, which served as the rearguard, was ordered by the Central Military Commission to go around in a circle in western Qianxi, sometimes in the east and sometimes in the west, and then in the south and then in the north, thus pinning down part of the enemy's forces. On May 6, the Red Army reached between Dongchuan and Qiaojia County in Yunnan, and successfully crossed the Jinsha River at Shujiedu on May 9. It was two days before the enemy's pursuers reached the south bank.

But by this time, the Red Army had already destroyed the ships and blocked the river, and flew away without a trace.