Before the stage of state monopoly capitalism, capital was in a position of position

Monopoly capitalism in the state.

Before the stage, capital was in a state of private monopoly capitalism.

Driven by its own basic contradictions, it has gone through the stages of liberal capitalism, private monopoly capitalism, and state monopoly capitalism, and is now in the stage of international monopoly capitalism.

The history of the development of the capitalist system, if we start with the English bourgeois revolution of 1640.

It's been more than 360 years. In the past 360 years, its evolution and development have never stopped, and under the impetus of basic contradictions, capitalism has generally gone through four stages: free capitalism, private monopoly capitalism, state monopoly capitalism, and international monopoly capitalism.

The capitalist system replaces the feudal system.

It is the great progress of human society, which liberates the productive forces and creates huge social wealth. The four stages of development of capitalism are accompanied by four scientific and technological revolutions.

The expansion of capital promotes capitalist reform and institutional innovation, and capitalist reform and institutional innovation provide a driving force and institutional support for the development of science and technology.

However, the private nature of capital determines its historical limitations, so capitalism, like the successive social systems in history, must be replaced by new ones.

Before the stage of state monopoly capitalism, capital was in the stage of private monopoly capitalism.

State monopoly capitalism was preceded by the stage of private monopoly capitalism.

In capitalist society, there is a division into the stage of free competition capitalism and the stage of monopoly capitalism.

However, the stage of monopoly capitalism is further divided into the stage of private monopoly capitalism and the stage of state monopoly capitalism.

If you ask what stage preceded the stage of state monopoly capitalism, it was the stage of private monopoly capitalism.

If the question is what stage precedes the stage of monopoly capitalism, then it has to be the stage of free competition capitalism.

Free competition capitalist stage. So far, the development of capitalist society can be roughly divided into two major stages, namely, free competition capitalism and monopoly capitalism.

Free competition capitalism.

After capitalism enters the monopoly stage, the relationship between monopoly and competition is that monopoly and competition coexist, and capitalism replaces feudalism.

It has played a tremendous role in promoting the development of productive forces. However, with the development of the productive forces, the basic contradiction of capitalism - the socialization of production.

The contradiction between private appropriation and capitalism is also developing. Capitalist production takes the former individual's means of production.

It becomes socialized, that is, the means of production are used by a large number of people, and production itself changes from a series of individual actions to a series of social actions, and the product changes from the product of the individual to the product of society.

Further information: 1. The two stages of capitalist development: free competition capitalism and monopoly capitalism.

2. Monopoly and competition.

1) Monopoly does not eliminate competition.

Monopoly is formed from free competition and is the opposite of free competition.

However, monopoly does not eliminate competition, but overrides it and coexists with it. The main reasons for the existence of competition in the stage of monopoly capitalism:

First, monopolies do not eliminate the economic conditions that create competition. Competition is a commodity economy.

The general law of . After the emergence of monopolies, the blind branches of the commodity economy based on capitalist private ownership were not eliminated. Second, monopolies must be maintained through competition. various monopolies.

To develop through competition, it is also necessary to continuously enhance one's own competitive strength and consolidate one's monopoly position. Third, there is no absolute monopoly in which a monopoly encompasses all sectors and all social production. Under monopoly conditions, there is extensive and fierce competition within monopolies, between monopolies, between monopolies, between groups of monopoly capitalists, between monopolies and non-monopolies, and between small and medium-sized enterprises.

2) New features of competition under monopoly conditions.

Compared with free competition, competition under monopoly conditions has some new characteristics. In terms of the purpose of competition, the financial capital of the capitalist state mill is monopolized, and free competition is mainly to obtain more profits or excess profits.

The main purpose of competition under monopoly conditions is to obtain high monopoly profits and consolidate and expand the existing monopoly position. In terms of the means of competition, free competition mainly uses economic means, while the means of competition under monopoly conditions are more diverse, not only economic means but also non-economic means, which makes competition more complex and intense; In terms of the scope of competition, in the period of free competition, competition is mainly in the economic field, and it is mainly carried out in the domestic market, while in the monopoly period, the scale of competition expands, the scope covers all fields and sectors, and extends from domestic to foreign. In short, competition under monopoly conditions is large-scale, long-lasting, cruel, and more intense, and more destructive.

After capitalism enters the monopoly stage, the relationship between monopoly and competition is that monopoly and competition coexist.

Monopoly cannot eliminate competition, but will make competition more intense, and the development of competition to a certain stage will inevitably produce monopoly, and monopoly is the inevitable product of competition.

After capital entered the monopoly stage, the unified capital market dominated by the industrial countries of Europe and the United States entered the market.

American economist Du and Chloe believe that "the characteristics of the market economy are the private ownership of the factors of production, the private enthusiasm of production and operation guided by the profit motive, the omission, and the freedom of choice of households in making spending decisions and saving decisions." For another example, the American economist Thompson believes that "the most important characteristics of the market economy are the private ownership of economic resources and means of production, the freedom of individual choice, competition, profit motives, and the determination of market demand and supply conditions."

Western economists who hold the definition of a market economy believe that the characteristics of a market economy cannot be generalized. Instead, we should first distinguish between the capital market economy and the social market economy, and then discuss the characteristics of the capital market economy and the characteristics of the social market economy respectively.

Introduction to Monopoly

Monopoly, an economic term, is a market structure that refers to the presence of and only one company (or seller) in an industry that trades goods or services. Generally divided into seller's monopoly and repurchase buyer's monopoly, seller's monopoly refers to the sole seller in one or more markets, through one or more stages, facing competitive consumers. The buyer's monopoly is just the opposite, and the theory infers that the monopolist can adjust the output according to his own interests and needs in the market, but there is no exact case to support it.

In certain industries, there are natural monopolies. Such monopolies will make the operation of the industry more efficient, such as railway construction, national power grid, etc., and too much competition will only make the operation of the industry less efficient, which will lead to market failure. Sometimes it is necessary to intervene moderately and to develop policies, but only if the market mechanism is allowed to work better and the economy (or the sector) runs in the most efficient way.

a. Monopoly overrides competition.

Capitalism. In the stage of monopoly, the relationship between monopoly and competition is that monopoly overrides competition and coexists. The formation of a monopoly is determined by the development of production and the expansiveness of capital, and is the result of fierce competition in the market.

The further development of monopolies is also the result of the promotion of competition. Although monopoly arises as the antithesis of free sail competition, monopoly does not and cannot eliminate competition, but coexists with competition.

For monopoly has not eliminated capitalist private property, nor has it eliminated commodity production; On the contrary, because of the dominant position of the monopoly, competition has developed into a competition of higher level, larger scale, and more means among larger enterprises with stronger strength, and of course, it is also a competition that is more destructive and has more serious consequences.

Capital.

Financial capital is the monopoly capital formed by the combination of industrial monopoly capital and bank monopoly capital. Pathways include financial linkages, capital involvement, and personnel involvement.

This convergence manifests itself in three ways:

First, industrial capital is combined with bank capital in the process of expansion;

second, industrial capital is combined with bank capital in the process of diversified industrial extension;

Third, industrial capital is combined with bank capital in the process of acquisition, merger and reorganization. The integration of industrial capital and bank capital in its circulation cycle is the inevitable operation of modern capital. It reflects the essence of money in the market economy and the important role it plays.

The dominant capital - financial capital.

c, because once the monopoly capitalist monopolizes industrial production, then there will be a shortage of goods in business, and the country will fall into an "economic crisis".

Before the stage of monopoly capitalism, capitalist magnanimism was in ()aFree repentance struggles for the capitalist stage.

b.The stage of private monopoly capitalism.

c.Monopolistic competitive capitalism stage.

d.The financial landscape is a clever one, and the capitalist stage is broken.

Correct Answer: a

Answer]: CP200).

The knowledge point tested in this question is the status of financial capital.

Financial capital is a new form of capital constituted by the fusion or mixed growth of monopoly industrial capital and bank capital. Finance capital has developed an economic power capable of exerting direct or indirect influence on all aspects of social production, hunger and spoilage, and thus has become the de facto ruler of all aspects of social and economic life in monopoly capitalist countries.

Answer]: Lenin summarized the basic economic characteristics of monopoly capitalism into five points: (1) monopoly dominates economic life; (2) the domination of finance capital and the financial oligarchy; (3) Capital export plays an important role in economic life; (4) the international monopoly alliance to carve up the world and imitate the world economically; (5) The division and repartition of the world by the monopoly capitalist powers.

From the second point of its characteristics, it can be seen that the capital that dominates in the stage of monopoly capital is financial capital. The answer is c(p265).