Summer management of the vines, management and pruning of the summer vines

Grapevine planting knowledge - autumn management, welcome to exchange and learn, and make progress with each other.

Topping pruning, which can be carried out in May and August every year to promote fruit expansion and flower bud differentiation; thinning the shoots, which need to be cut off from the smaller and too dense fruiting shoots to increase the yield of the vines; To remove the curled branches and leaves on the vine in time to improve the light transmission between the branches and leaves; Management method: stop watering during the summer fruiting period to avoid fruit drop.

In the summer, the vines can be pruned in May and August, in order to regulate the growth of the vines, control the growth advantage of the apex, reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption, promote fruit expansion and flower bud differentiation. In the set stage, it is necessary to prune 4 to 5 times in a row.

After 7 days of budding, the selected buds can be thinned after growing 4 or 5 young leaves, and the excess dense fruiting shoots with less development and too small inflorescence can be thinned to control the nutrient absorption of fruit trees, retain robust nutrient shoots and fruiting shoots, and reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption, so as to improve the quality of grape Huiyou fruit trees.

In the summer pruning, the growth rate of the vine is relatively rapid, the consumption of nutrients is larger, prone to many tendrils, in the summer pruning, it is necessary to prune off the tendrils in time, in the grape fruit expansion period, it is also necessary to remove the aging leaves and shielding leaves around the fruit, improve the light transmittance between the branches and leaves, and improve the quality of grape coloring.

In summer, the vines should be watered once a week before flowering, and should be stopped between flowering and fruit setting to avoid flower and fruit drops. In addition, fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied every 10 days in the early flowering period, in conjunction with foliar fertilizer, to increase vine yields.

When the vines are managed in spring, they need to start from the pruning of plants, the prevention and control of pests and diseases, the control of watering and fertilization, etc., properly wipe the buds and prune them slightly, spray drugs in time to kill the eggs, watering moderately and appropriately, and apply thin fertilizer frequently, and apply a small amount many times.

1. Plant pruning

In the spring, it is necessary to prune the vines to a certain extent, and the main purpose of pruning is to properly thin the new shoots and new sprouts that sprout from the canopy, so as to control their growth tendency and enable them to form a dense and compact structure, which is good for their flowering and fruiting.

2. Pest control

In the spring, the vines are easily infected with pests and diseases, so it is necessary to mix the insecticides sold on the market with laundry detergent in time, dilute them with water, and spray them on the surface of the plants to kill the bacteria and pests attached to the surface and prevent the plants from being damaged.

3. Watering control

When watering the vines, we should uphold the principle of seeing dry and wet, so that the soil is not dry and not watered, but watering enough to keep the soil in a slightly moist state for a long time, if it is too dry or too wet, it will lead to slow growth and development, and even die as a result.

4. Fertilization control

In winter, the number of nutrients consumed by the plant is not much, so usually no fertilizer is applied in winter, after the beginning of spring, it is necessary to supplement some fertilizer in time, specifically according to the actual growth of the plant to adjust, the soil is poor and more fertilization, mainly use thin infiltration organic fertilizer, to avoid the use of raw fertilizer or thick fertilizer so as not to cause plant discomfort.

1. Temperature control: The temperature of the grape vine should be controlled at 20-30 degrees during the fruit expansion period. 2. Moisture management

During the growing season, the vines should be watered thoroughly as soon as the soil turns white. 3. Light requirements: bagging grapes immediately when strong light is strong to avoid sun exposure.

4. Nutrient requirements for branches: Before the vines germinate in spring, thin nitrogen fertilizer should be applied once a month.

1. Temperature control

The most suitable temperature for the flowering period of the grape vine is about 20 degrees, and the optimal temperature for the fruit expansion period is 20-30 degrees.

2. Moisture management

At the beginning of the growth of grape vines and the vegetative growth period, the requirements for water are high, at this time, the soil should be watered immediately when the soil is white, and pay attention to digging drainage ditches in the rainy season, otherwise the soil moisture is too large, which is easy to cause various diseases such as black pox and gray mold.

3. Lighting requirements

The vines must maintain about 60% light reception during the growth period, and the grapes are prone to sunburn when the light is too strong and strong in summer, so they can be protected by bagging or keeping the leaves that can cover the grape fruit as much as possible.

4. Nutrient requirements

Before the vines germinate in spring, a large number of elemental water-soluble fertilizers can be applied, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and after the plants enter the fruit-setting stage, they can be supplemented with high-nitrogen compound fertilizer or ordinary three-element compound fertilizer.

1. There are many methods of propagation of tree grapes, including seeds, grafting and cuttings, and the corresponding results of each method are different, and the use of them is also different. Seeds are the most used method, because his germination is more, after harvesting the fruit, it will be placed in a refrigerated environment, and it can be taken out when it is used, but the refrigeration time should be within 1-2 months, not too long, and it can germinate in 20-40 days after planting, pay attention to the temperature of the planting environment. Grafting is also one of the most common methods in the region, and it takes 6-10 years to bear fruit by seed propagation, while it can be shortened by 2-3 years if the grafting method can be used to make it produce fruit earlier.

However, this method is suitable for autumn and winter, when the survival rate is high and it is not suitable for other seasons.

2. After the tree grapes, we should pay attention to the use of organic fertilizer, and the rational use of a large number of organic fertilizers, micro-growth and cherry fertilizer and chemical fertilizers, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is generally 1:2:1, and fertilization can be applied in holes or furrows, and organic fertilizers, micro-fertilizers and fertilizers are used in small quantities and many times.

Generally, it should be carried out according to its growth stage, such as flower fertilizer, fruit fertilizer, coloring fertilizer and harvest fertilizer, and fertilization should be applied reasonably in stages to ensure nutritional balance, promote its rapid growth, improve yield and quality, and increase income.

3. After the budding of the tree grapes, it is necessary to wipe the buds and fix the shoots, erase the double buds, multi-headed buds, and weak buds, and use the wire to bind both sides after the formation of the new shoots, increase the crown area, increase the light-receiving area of the leaves, synthesize more nutrients, and also carry the bush to control the vigorous growth of the new shoots, so as to promote more branches and promote the differentiation of flower buds. Grapes grow slowly, so they usually don't need to be pruned, but in order to create a good shape, it is necessary to prune the branches that grow vigorously at the top, and in autumn they can also prune dense branches and long branches.

Agriculture is an industry that produces food and industrial raw materials through the cultivation of plants and animals. Agriculture belongs to the primary industry, and the science of studying agriculture is the key science of agriculture. The objects of labor in agriculture are living animals and plants, and the products obtained are the animals and plants themselves.

We refer to the various departments that use the laws of growth and development of animals, plants and other organisms to obtain products through artificial cultivation as agriculture. Agriculture provides basic products that support the construction and development of the national economy.

From mid-to-late February to early March, the grapes are bud breaking, and the vineyards should be irrigated with germination water and applied with fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer. Farmers with conditions should irrigate the whole garden in time to ensure that the grape plants germinate neatly. Grape bud bud period is also the time when the flower buds of grape plants continue to differentiate and new shoots begin to grow vigorously, which requires a lot of nutrients, so when applying the manure of ripe people, it should be mixed with 10% urea, and the amount of fertilizer accounts for about 10% of the total amount of fertilizer in the whole year from the beginning of the month to mid to late April, and 70 to 80% of the winter buds left after the winter pruning of grape plants often germinate, resulting in more germination.

Therefore, it is important to preserve the buds of the grape plants after bud break in the spring. Leaving too many buds will cause nutrient waste and competition, which is not conducive to fruit set; If there are too few buds, it is easy to promote the growth of branches and vines, and aggravate the fall of flowers and fruits.

Budding: When a fruiting mother branch has multiple bud eyes germinating, leave a bud eye every 15 to 20 cm, leave a new shoot for each bud eye, leave 2 to 5 new shoots for each fruiting mother branch, and erase the rest from the base. When wiping buds, it is also necessary to erase inflorescence buds or weak buds.

Fixed-shoot tying: Before flowering, leave 5 leaves above the flower spike for topping, and leave 7 to 8 leaves for topping the new shoot without flower spike. Only the top 1 to 2 secondary tips are left after topping, 2 leaves are retained and the rest of the secondary tips are erased.

At the same time, tie the vine in time according to the growth of the branches. Spike treatment: To ensure fruit set, it is usually necessary to pinch off the tip of the spike that allows one-quarter to one-fifth of the oak plant, and spray 1% boron fertilizer plus 1% urea at the flowering stage.

Artificial granulation was carried out 5 days after flowering, and then bagging for protection.