The development and improvement of strategic management theory has formed what is the main body

Summary. In the era of change, enterprises are facing various challenges, which will inevitably lead to changes in management thinking. At present, the management science has a relatively consistent view on this change in four aspects:

Shift from process management to strategic management; from inward management to outward management; Shift from product market management to value management; Shift from behavior management to culture management. There is no doubt that corporate strategic management will be at the center of this change, and there will be many new trends, and companies that can anticipate this trend will be in a competitive position. In order to better grasp the development trend of strategic management, it is necessary to sort out the development process of strategic management theory in order to grasp the context and law of its evolution.

1) The starting point of corporate strategy is to adapt to the environment. The environment is beyond the control of the enterprise, and only by adapting to environmental changes can the enterprise survive and develop. (2) The strategic goal of the enterprise is to increase market share.

Enterprise strategy should adapt to environmental changes, aim to meet market demand, and obtain sufficient market share, so as to be conducive to the survival and development of enterprises. (3) The implementation of corporate strategy requires changes in organizational structure and adaptation to it. The essence of a classic corporate strategy is the process of adapting an organization to its environment and the resulting changes in the internal structure of the organization.

Therefore, in the implementation of the strategy, it is inevitable that the organizational structure of the enterprise should be compatible with the enterprise strategy.

What are the important theories related to the rise and development of strategic management?

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In the era of change, enterprises are facing various challenges, which will inevitably lead to changes in management thinking. At present, the more consistent views of management on this change are reflected in four aspects: the transformation from process management to strategic management; then the spine will change from inward management to outward management; Shift from product market hosiery management to value management; Shift from behavior management to culture management.

There is no doubt that corporate strategic management will be at the center of this change, and there will be many new trends, and companies that can anticipate this trend will be in a competitive position. In order to better grasp the development trend of strategic management, it is necessary to sort out the development process of strategic management theory in order to grasp the context and law of its evolution. 1) The starting point of corporate strategy is to adapt to the environment.

The environment is beyond the control of the enterprise, and only by adapting to environmental changes can the enterprise survive and develop. (2) The company's strategic goal is to increase market share. Enterprise strategy should adapt to environmental changes, aim to meet market demand, and obtain sufficient market share, so as to be conducive to the survival and development of enterprises.

(3) The implementation of corporate strategy requires changes in organizational structure and adaptation to it. The essence of a classic corporate strategy is the process of adapting an organization to its environment and the resulting changes in the internal structure of the organization. Therefore, in the implementation of the strategy, it is inevitable that the organizational structure of the enterprise should be compatible with the enterprise strategy.

Economic theories, such as industrial organization theory and resource base theory, are used to explain the market and industrial structure of the enterprise, as well as the allocation of enterprise resources and capabilities.

Organizational theories and behavioral theories, such as organizational learning, knowledge management, leadership, etc., are used to explain the organizational structure, decision-making process, employee behavior, and organizational culture within an enterprise.

Sociological and political theories, such as social capital, political risk, cultural differences, etc., are used to explain the impact of the social and political environment in which a business operates on its operations.

The basis not included** may be theories from other related disciplines such as psychology, statistics, etc. However, the theories of these disciplines can also shed some light on the study of the theory of strategic management in specific situations.

First of all, strategic management is a dynamic management process for making decisions and implementing these decisions for the future development direction of an enterprise, and the strategic management process is a dynamic management process in which strategic analysis, strategic selection and evaluation and strategy implementation and control are interconnected, cyclical and repetitive, and constantly improved. Three Stages A normative and comprehensive strategic management process can be broadly broken down into three stages:1

strategic analysis phase; 2.strategic selection and evaluation phase; 3.Strategy implementation and control phase.

Answer]: The development of strategic management theory has gone through the early theoretical stage, the competitive strategy theory stage and the current frontier of strategic management theory.

1) Early theoretical stage: At the beginning of the 20th century, Fayol's five management functions of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling were the earliest corporate strategic ideas; In 1938, Chester Barnard laid the foundation for modern strategic analysis by recognizing that companies must consider strategic factors in any decision-making situation; In 1957, Selznick used the unique competitiveness to represent the situation that the enterprise is doing better than its competitors in some aspects, indicating that the era of modern enterprise strategy theory research is coming; In 1962, Chandler first introduced the study of corporate strategy and put forward the argument that "structure follows strategy"; In 1965, the formation of the "Andrews-Ansoff-Anthony" paradigm made the theoretical framework of enterprise strategic management research preliminarily constructed. In the 80s, it entered the jungle stage of strategic theory, represented by Michael Porter's research on corporate strategy and strategic management from the perspective of industry, to Henry Mintzberg's 10 schools of thought in 1991 on various previous strategic management theories.

2) Competition theory stage: since the 90s of the 20th century, with the global integration of the economy, the network economy, the knowledge economy and other new economic forms have an increasing impact on enterprise management, the external environment of enterprises is becoming more and more dynamic, unsustainable and discontinuous, and the strategic management theory has also produced many new changes and developments, mainly capable schools and resource schools.

3) The frontier of strategic management theory: With the further widespread use of information technology and network technology, the competitive environment faced by enterprises is more prone to change and difficult. In this context, surpassing competition through innovation and creativity has begun to become a new focus of corporate strategic management research, and some new theories have emerged, mainly including:

Cluster competition strategy, coopetition strategy, edge competition strategy, blue ocean strategy and long-tail theory source search group.

Textbooks talk about three phases: the end of the century and the traditional management stage of the late 19th century. At this stage there was a separation of managerial functions from manual labour, which was carried out by individual capitalists, characterized by the fact that everything was done on the basis of personal experience.

The stage of scientific management in the 20-40s of the century. At this stage, there was a separation between the capitalists and the managers, and the managers summed up the management experience, systematized it, and developed it, and gradually formed a set of scientific management theories. Taylor, the originator of scientific management.

The modern management stage after the 50s of the century: from the qualitative concept of the economy to the quantitative analysis, the use of mathematical decision-making methods, and the extensive use of electronic computers for control in various management.

Strategic management consists of the following three processes:

1. Strategy formulation: determine the tasks of the enterprise, identify the external opportunities and threats of the enterprise, identify the internal strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, establish long-term goals, formulate alternative strategies, and select specific implementation strategies.

2. Strategy implementation: Establish annual goals, formulate policies, motivate employees and allocate resources in order to implement the formulated strategies.

3. Strategic evaluation: re-examine external and internal factors; measure performance; Take corrective measures.