The representative work of Hanshan poems, the uniqueness of Hanshan poems

The uniqueness of Hanshan poems is that they are "easy to play" and "full of wit".

Hanshan poems have a unique artistic style, with a blend of scenes, "easy to play" and "full of wit" ("Summary of the General Catalogue of the Four Libraries", volume 149)).

Cheng Dequan pointed out in "Hanshanzi Poetry Collection" (see the engraved version of the second year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty (1910)) that "with witty and abusive words, it alludes to his sorrow and indignation, and it is sent as a poem, which is not named, and there is no clue"; Wang Zongmu's preface to "Hanshanzi Poetry Collection" (see Ming Taizhou Ji Qianheng engraved edition) has "such as the sound of the empty valley, and a true rhyme between the Qiankun is also natural." Evaluation.

During the May Fourth Movement, China began to vigorously advocate vernacular writing. Hu Shi listed Hanshan, Wang Fanzhi, and Wang Ji as the three great vernacular poets of the Tang Dynasty in his History of Vernacular Literature published by Xinyue Bookstore in 1928. As a result, Hanshan began to be favored by the Chinese people, and the academic circles in mainland China and Taiwan wrote articles commenting on Hanshan, which arrived after the founding of New China.

In the 80s and 90s, the study of Hanshan mushroomed after a rain.

Since the fifties of the twentieth century, Hanshan's poems have been introduced to the United States, and the American "Beat Generation" (thebeatgeneration) has made Hanshan an idol, and his poems have become popular in Europe for a while. Hanshan's poems were translated into English and French and accepted by a large number of readers, where he won a higher reputation than Li Bai and Du Fu.

In the 20th century, Hanshan poems attracted the attention of many readers and researchers in China and the West. With the approach of globalization in the 21st century, the globalization of literature and culture has also become an important topic, and those poets in the history of Chinese literature who can be accepted by people from different cultural backgrounds like Hanshan should attract more attention. Let's take a look back at the research of the Cold Mountains over the past 100 years.

1. "Fengqiao Night Park" [Author] Zhang Ji [Dynasty] Tang.

The moon is falling and the sky is full of frost, and Jiang Feng is sleeping.

Hanshan Temple outside the city of Gusu, the bell rings in the middle of the night to the passenger ship.

Vernacular interpretation: The moon has set, the crows are crying, the sky is full of cold, and the maple trees and fishing fires by the river sleep sadly.

The lonely and quiet Hanshan Ancient Temple outside Gusu City, the sound of the bell ringing in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.

2. "Su Hanshan Temple is the Matter" [Author] Zhang Yuankai [Dynasty] Ming.

Jianglian Yunshu Road is slanted, and the bell rises from the cold mountain and the crow at dusk.

Vernacular interpretation: The river is connected to the white clouds and trees, and the bell of Hanshan Temple remembers to disturb the crows at night.

3. "Farewell to Hanshan Temple" [Author] Gao Qi [Dynasty] Ming Dynasty.

Fengqiao looks at the blue mountain in the west, and the temple hides the cold river alone.

Vernacular interpretation: Standing on the maple bridge and looking west at the looming mountain peaks, the temple is facing the cold mountain with its door closed alone.

Background of the creation of "Fengqiao Night Park":

According to the third volume of "The Biography of Tang Caizi", Zhang Ji was "in the twelfth year of Tianbao (753) Yang Junxia, the waiter of the Ministry of Rites", that is, he was admitted to the Jinshi. And in January of the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and in June of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), Xuanzong rushed to Shu.

Because the political situation in Jiangnan was relatively stable at that time, many scribes fled to the area of present-day Jiangsu and Zhejiang to avoid chaos, including Zhang Ji. On an autumn evening, the poet docked on the Fengqiao outside Suzhou. The beautiful scenery of the autumn night in the water town in the south of the Yangtze River attracted this guest with travel sorrow, made him appreciate a kind of poetic beauty with a timeless taste, and wrote this small poem with a clear artistic conception.

The second volume of Tang Gao Zhongwu's "Zhongxing Jian Qi Collection" includes Zhang Ji's poem, titled "Night Park Fengjiang". Song Lifang and others edited "Wenyuan Yinghua" included this poem, and the poem title was "Fengqiao Night Park".

The poetic meaning of "Hanshan" in ancient poems is:

1. It refers to the cold mountain, which is generally named by the word "cold" at this time, and also indicates the poet's state of mind at that time, or sets the emotional tone of the poem.

Example: Don Du Mu's "Mountain Walk".

Far up the cold mountain stone path slope, Baiyunsheng has a home. Parking sits in love with the maple forest in the evening, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers. The "cold mountain" here refers to the mountain in late autumn, because the mountain is cold in late autumn.

2. The poems of the Tang Dynasty poet Hanshan (known as the "poet monk").

For example: Tang Hanshan's "The Road to the Cold Mountain": "The Road to the Cold Mountain is a cold stream. Here, "cold mountain" also refers to the cold mountain, and there is a chill throughout the poem, and "cold" is the tone of the poem, so the title has "cold", and even the poet's name is called "cold mountain".

3. The name of the mountain, located in Suzhou, Jiangsu.

Examples: 1. Tang Zhangji's "Fengqiao Night Park".

The moon is falling and the sky is full of frost, and Jiang Feng is sleeping. Hanshan Temple outside the city of Gusu.

Midnight bell to the passenger ship. The "Hanshan Temple" written here is located in Suzhou, formerly known as the Miaoli Puming Pagoda Courtyard, and the Puming Zen Temple was given by the Song Emperor in the middle of the Jiage year, but it has been called the Hanshan Temple in the Tang Dynasty, so since the Tang Dynasty, everyone only knows the Hanshan Temple.

2. Kang Youwei.

Title: "The bell has crossed the sea and Yundong, and the wind of the ancient temple of Hanshan has been cold." ”

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Hanshan (780-841) was a Zen monk from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, and his poems were known for their freedom, open-mindedness, freedom and straightforwardness, and were known as the "Hanshan School". The poetry style of the Hanshan School is not confined to tradition, and often uses slang, vernacular, colloquial language and other popular language, showing a strong personality, a free spirit, and a deep thinking about life. Most of his poems are based on Zen thought and life, reflecting the true face of life, nature and the universe, and have profound philosophical connotations and artistic values.

The poetry of the Hanshan School has had a great influence on later poets, and is known as one of the important sources of the development of poetry in later generations. <>

Hanshan (i.e., Pujing Zen Master of Hange Socks Mountain Temple) was a famous Zen monk and poet in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems are characterized by a strong Zen artistic conception, simple and meaningful language, and themes close to life, and are known as "Zen poems". His poems not only express his love and pursuit of Zen life, but also reflect a profound experience of nature and human nature. The poetry genre of Hanshan is called the "Hanshan Poetry School", and the representative works of this genre are represented by "Broken Mountain Temple Houzen Temple", "Shi'er", "Title Shirt Stuffy Basho", "Shuluxi Nunnery Wall" and so on.

The poems of Hanshan or Chenwan are known for their poetic subtlety and profound style, which have deeply influenced the development of Chinese literature, art and thought in later generations.