Open your eyes to see the world Lin Zexu, why Lin Zexu is called the first person to open your eyes

The reason is that it was the first to advocate learning from the West.

He came up with the idea of "mastering the enemy's skills to subdue the enemy," and he put forward the idea that in order to change the backward state of military technology, guns and ships should be built. He personally presided over and organized a translation team to translate foreign books and periodicals.

Translate foreigners' remarks about China into "Hua Shi Yi Yan". as a "reference message" for Chinese officials at the time; In order to understand the military, political, and economic information of foreign countries, the "Guangzhou Weekly" sponsored by British businessmen was translated into the "Macao News".

In order to understand the geography, history, and politics of the West, we will systematically introduce the situation of various countries in the world. He also organized the translation of the Englishman Murray's "Encyclopedia of World Geography" and compiled it as "Chronicles of the Four Continents".

In order to meet the needs of the struggle against the enemy and diplomatic involvement at that time, he quickly compiled the "International Law", which was an epoch-making event in the history of China's international jurisprudence. It marked the beginning of the official introduction of Western works on international law into China.

It marks the beginning of the application of modern international law to diplomatic relations in China, and marks the beginning of the history of modern international law in China. Theoretically speaking, Lin Zexu is the first person in China to introduce international law, the pioneer of China's modern diplomacy, and the pioneer of China's international law.

Lin Zexu was the first great patriot and outstanding national hero in China's modern history. He took the lead in understanding the world and studying the West, and became a leader in spreading Western culture and promoting the spread of Western learning in modern China.

From the perspective of the history of Chinese international law, he was not only the mainstay of upholding the principles of international law during the Opium War, but also the first person to introduce international law in China and the founder of modern international law in China.

In the context of the isolation of the country, he resolutely accepted the advanced ideas of the West, and it seems that he has translated several books in foreign languages, so that foreign knowledge and culture can be better disseminated. Needless to say, Humen sells cigarettes, all kinds of domineering.

Lin Zexu is known as the first person in modern China to open his eyes to the world because Lin Zexu organized the translation of the "Chronicles of the Four Kingdoms" (also known as the "Chronicles of the Four Continents"), which made us know for the first time that the original world was so big, so many countries, including Britain, France, Portugal, Spain, and so on.

Another said that the first person to open his eyes to the world was Wei Yuan, who was entrusted by Lin Zexu to supplement the Western historical and geographical materials "Chronicles of the Four Continents" and the historical records of the past dynasties translated by Lin Zexu into the "Atlas of the Sea Kingdom", introducing the geographical, historical, and scientific and technological development of various countries in the world, and combined with the lessons and lessons of the Opium War, he advocated that "mastering the skills of the master to control the country". It is proposed to manufacture guns, ships and other products of the machine industry to strengthen coastal defense and defend against foreign aggression.

Because he was the first person to learn from the West, she presided over the translation of the Haiguo Atlas, introducing the geography and politics of the West, and the Chinese at that time thought that China was vast and disdained to learn from the West, and she advocated learning advanced science and technology and artifacts from the West, but did not advocate learning Western ideas.

He presided over the "Chronicles of the Four Kingdoms" (also known as the "Chronicles of the Four Continents"), which made us know the face of the world for the first time and introduced the countries of the world.

Lin Zexu is a great patriotic national hero in modern times, with a very high historical consciousness and patriotic aspirations, so he is known as the first person in modern China to open his eyes to the world.

Lin Zexu organized the translation of "Chronicles of the Four Continents", learned Western culture, and led Humen to sell cigarettes.

Because he is the first person in my country to ban smoking, Emperor Daoguang explained the current situation, and he is the first person in modern China to see the current situation clearly.

Because he led the Humen cigarette sales.

Because he was an advocate of the anti-smoking movement Humen Tobacco Sales.

Because he was the first to sell cigarettes.

Although he did not know foreign languages, he paid attention to "interviewing Yiqing", sent people to collect newspapers and periodicals run by foreigners published in Macao, and recruited people from low backgrounds who knew English to work in the Qincha Xingyuan, which was considered by the diehards at the time to be a great rebellion. Lin Zexu carefully read and studied the translated materials night after night, and turned the translated "Macao Monthly" into Chinese into five volumes, including "On China," "On Tea," "On Smoking Ban," "On the Use of Soldiers," and "On the Feelings of Various Countries." The most valuable work was his organization of the translation of the Encyclopedia of World Geography, published in London in 1836 and written by the Englishman Murray, named the Chronicles of the Four Continents, which became the first translation work in modern China to systematically introduce the physical geography, social and historical conditions of the world.

Although they all say so, he is not the first person in the world to open his eyes. The person who is really called the "first person to open his eyes to the world" in modern China is actually Wei Yuan, who was earlier than Lin Zexu.

I think it's worth it. In that period of feudal superstition, Lin Zexu was able to see the gap between China and foreign countries, and actively learned to introduce relevant technical methods, which can be called yes.

Lin Zexu can be called the first person to open his eyes to the world. The invasion of the powerful enemy in the West made him wake up early, and he was the first to put forward the idea of "mastering the art of mastery to control the enemy". "Atlas of the Sea Kingdom" was also translated and compiled by him and his friends.

If according to Lin Zexu's standard of opening his eyes to the world, he is more about discovering the advanced of Western civilization and advocating learning advanced scientific knowledge and technology from the West for comparison, I think Xu Guangqi in the late Ming Dynasty was the first person in China to open his eyes to the world, and Lin Zexu in the late Qing Dynasty can only be regarded as the first person to open his eyes to the world in modern times.

Lin Zexu is the "first person to open his eyes to the world" in modern China, which is Wei Yuan's evaluation of him.

But from the perspective of Chinese history, the first person who really opened his eyes to the world should be Xu Guangqi in the late Ming Dynasty, who had a deep relationship with Matteo Ricci, who came to Europe to preach, and some of the scientific terms we use now are translated by Xu Guangqi, such as geometry: points, parallel lines, obtuse angles, acute angles, and so on.

Xu Guangqi played a huge role in various scientific disciplines, and people can still find his scientific works today, including military, agriculture, mathematics, astronomical calendar, water conservancy, engineering, and so on.

Xu Guangqi was also the first Catholic in the Shanghai area, which was a victory for Matteo Ricci! It was also the beginning of Xu Guangqi's exposure to science.

Xu Guangqi's scientific works include:

1603 "Mao's Poetry Six Stickers Lecture Notes" 4 volumes.

In 1607, the first six volumes of the Geometry Originals (co-translated with Matteo Ricci) and the Law of Measurement (co-translated with Matteo Ricci).

1608 "Measuring Similarities and Differences", "Sweet Potato Shu".

1609 Pythagorean Righteousness

1611 "Jian Pingyi Said".

1612 "Taixi Water Law" (co-translated with Xiong Sanpa).

From 1613 to 1618, the draft of the agricultural book (Bei Genglu), the 1614 "Calculation of the Determination of the Method", 2 volumes, and the preface to the calculation of the same text

In 1619, "Explanation of Examination Work" and "Selection and Practice".

1620 "Miscellaneous Agricultural Relics", 5 volumes.

From 1625 to 1628, the Complete Book of Agricultural Administration, 60 volumes.

In 1627, "Xu's Sayings" 5 volumes.

From 1629 to 1633, the Chongzhen Almanac was 137 volumes.

Yes, it's in middle school history textbooks.

In fact, before the Ming Dynasty, we had been looking at the world with our eyes open, and then the Qing Dynasty closed everyone's eyes, so we needed to open our eyes to the world again. Therefore, Lin Zexu can only be said to be the first officialdom celebrity who opens his eyes to the world in modern times.

Absolutely, the book he wrote, which was harmoniously unable to circulate in China, reached Japan, and had a circulation of more than 10,000. It is enough to see the difference of a people, but later the Japanese ambitions.

This is a topic of controversy in the field of historiography in recent years.

Originally. At the beginning, it was Wei Yuan who evaluated Lin Zexu as "the first person to open his eyes to see the world", and later this evaluation was recognized by Comrade *** and became the mainstream theory of my country and was written into the textbook. Therefore, it can be said that it is basically believed that Lin Zexu is "the first person to open his eyes to see the world".

But in recent years, several other perceptions have emerged:

1.Xu Guangqi said that because Matteo Ricci came to China to preach, he brought with him a lot of European culture and ideas, and under the influence of Matteo Ricci, Xu Guangqi not only joined the Catholic Church with his family, but also translated many scientific masterpieces, including military, agriculture, mathematics, astronomical calendar, water conservancy, engineering, and so on, and was the first person in China to come into contact with Western science and culture.

2.Wei Yuan said that because Wei Yuan wrote the "Atlas of the Sea Kingdom" to have a comprehensive understanding of the West, while Lin Zexu had a relatively superficial understanding of the West, and the purpose of his contact with Western studies was for diplomatic and military needs, he could not be regarded as the first person.

3.Ji Xiaolan said that this was put forward by Wuhan scholars a few years ago, mainly because in the process of sorting out the "Siku Quanshu", he came into contact with a lot of Western studies, and pointed out: "The secret of astronomical progress of the Europa people, the ingenuity of craftsmen, and the ingenuity of craftsmen, are really more ancient, and their arguments are strange and strange, and they are also heretical.

It is of profound significance that the dynasty takes its skills and forbids its scholarship. Therefore, he is considered to be the first person in my country to see the world.

These are probably the mainstream theories, but since the beginning of the Hundred Schools, the style of historical study has been impetuous, and it has overturned cases at every turn, which has caused many traditional thinking and understanding to be impacted, and you need to screen it yourself.

Lin Zexu is the "first person to open his eyes to the world" in modern China, a great patriot.

It's just a metaphor.