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Anonymous users2024-02-12The characteristics of Xunzi's thought: miscellaneous from a hundred schools, but its ideological body is to inherit Confucianism.
Basic proposition. 1) Put forward the propositions of "Heaven is permanent" and "make the destiny of heaven and use it".
2) Advocate the "theory of sexual evil". He believes that human nature is inherently evil, but with the help of acquired education, people can turn from evil to good.
3) Inheriting Confucianism, believing that governing the country should be based on etiquette and religion, and at the same time absorbing Legalist thought, advocating the simultaneous application of ritual and law.
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Anonymous users2024-02-11Xunzi is the master of Confucianism, and he admires Confucius very much, and his main ideas are: the theory of sexual evil; Turning sex into a hypocrite; Heaven is constant; and so on.
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Anonymous users2024-02-10Xunzi's main idea.
1.Heavenly natural thoughts.
Xunzi's naturalization, objectification, and regularization of "Heaven", "Mandate of Heaven", and "Heavenly Dao" can be found in his article "Treatise on Heaven". "The stars rotate, the sun and the moon pass together, the four times are royal, the yin and yang are magnified, the wind and rain are blessed, all things have their own harmony to live, each has its own nourishment, and see its work without seeing it, the husband is called God; Everyone knows why it is made, but I don't know that it is invisible, and the husband is the sky.
In Xunzi's view, heaven is nature, and there is no reason, will, good and evil. Heaven is a natural heaven, not a personal God. He called the subtle functions such as yin and yang, wind and rain, gods, and the natural world composed of these functions heaven.
The creation of the universe is not created by God, but is the result of the movement of all things themselves.
2.The idea of "Heaven is constant".
Xunzi thinks that the sky is not mysterious and unpredictable, but has its own immutable laws. This law is not a mystical heavenly way, but a natural inevitability, which does not depend on the likes and dislikes of the human world to change. One must not disobey this law, but only strictly observe it.
Heaven is constant, not for Yao, not for death. If it should be treated, it will be auspicious, and if it should be chaotic, it will be vicious. The way of heaven will not change because of people's emotions or will, and they are completely indifferent to the distinction between good and evil in people.
Xunzi is critical of traditional religious superstitions, believing that natural changes are not necessarily related to the chaos and evil of society. It is believed that the various religious ceremonies of sacrificing and mourning the deceased are merely expressions of "admiration" and are "humane" rather than "ghostly things". (Treatise on Etiquette).
3.The idea of "heaven and man are separated".
Xunzi believes that nature and human beings have their own laws and duties. Heaven cannot interfere with humanity, heaven returns to heaven, and man returns to man, so it is not uncommon to say that heaven and man are separated. The control of chaos and evil is in the people, not in the sky.
And heaven and man have different functions, "heaven can be creatures, can not distinguish things, the earth can carry people, can not govern people" ("Treatise on Etiquette"), "Heaven has its time, earth has its talent, man has its rule" ("Treatise on Heaven").
4.The idea of "making the destiny of heaven and using it".
In Xunzi's view, instead of superstitious about the authority of heaven, to think about it, sing praises to him, and wait for the gift of "heaven", it is better to use the laws of nature to serve people. Xun Guo emphasized "those who respect themselves" rather than "those who admire heaven". even takes the attitude towards heaven as the criterion for distinguishing between a gentleman and a villain.
It emphasizes man's subjective initiative in the face of nature, and advocates the ideas of "governing the mandate of heaven", "cutting all things", and "transforming it with energy". Xunzi clearly declared that to know the way of heaven is to be able to dominate the way of heaven and dominate the natural world.
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Anonymous users2024-02-09Main idea: Xunzi regarded himself as the heir of Confucius, and especially inherited Confucius's "Waiwang Learning". He also critically summarized and absorbed the theoretical propositions of the hundred schools of thought from the standpoint of epistemology, and formed a distinctive view of nature that is "clear from heaven and man", a moral outlook of "dissolving nature and creating falsehood", and a social and historical view of "the rule of etiquette", and on this basis, he summarized the pre-Qin philosophy.
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Anonymous users2024-02-08Main idea: Xunzi regarded himself as the heir of Confucius, and especially inherited Confucius's "Waiwang Learning". He also critically summarized and absorbed the theoretical propositions of the hundred schools of thought from the standpoint of epistemology, and formed a distinctive view of nature that is "clear from heaven and man", a moral outlook of "dissolving nature and creating falsehood", and a social and historical view of "the rule of etiquette", and on this basis, he summarized the pre-Qin philosophy.
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