How to plant and breed plum, how to breed plum?

Cultivation management of wax plum blossoms.

1) Ground planting. Plum ground planting should be selected in the leeward and sunny place, the transplanting time is mostly in winter and spring, and the roots of the seedlings must be with soil mass. Before planting, apply enough manure, manure or well-rotted soybean cake as base fertilizer in the planting hole.

After applying basal fertilizer, cover the fertilizer with a thin layer of soil to separate, and then put seedlings to fill the soil. After planting, it should be watered in time and pruned properly. The management of ground-planted plum can be extensive.

Generally, from June to September every year, liquid fertilizer is applied every 20 days (bone meal and cake fertilizer can be soaked in water, and applied after full decomposition), which can ensure that the branches, leaves, and flower buds develop well. Watering once before early winter, fertilizing once after the flowers, and watering once, usually not watering, only when the weather is too dry, you can water appropriately. Plum germination is strong, after flowering to prune in time, generally the flower branch more than 20 cm part of the part of the cut, and the previous year's elongated branch cut short, leaving 1-2 pairs of buds.

This allows the nutrients to be concentrated on the extraction of new shoots and creates favourable conditions for the next year's blooming of brilliantly large flowers.

2) Potted plants. For potted plums, the cultivation soil should be loose and fertile, rich in humus sandy loam. After potting, it should be watered thoroughly in time, and placed under the shade fence for about a month, and then placed in the courtyard or balcony in a sunny place for maintenance.

Watering should master the principle of watering after drying, not more watering, potting soil should not be too wet;But it should not be dried, and if it is too dry, the flowers will not bloom neatly. Usually it is necessary to top dressing frequently to promote the formation of a large number of flower buds, otherwise the flowering is scarce. Generally, every 7 days between May and June every year, apply 1 time of rotted cake fertilizer water, fertilizer, water ratio can be 3:

10 mates. From July to August, it is the formation period of plum buds, fertilization can be done once every 15-20 days, and the concentration of fertilizer and water should be diluted, and the ratio of fertilizer and water is better than 1:5.

This helps in flower bud differentiation. The fertilizer applied must be well decomposed, otherwise the roots will rot. Dry cake fertilizer is applied again after autumn to meet the nutrient needs at the time of flowering.

After winter, let the potting soil be drier and no longer fertilize, otherwise the flowering period will be shortened. Moved indoors in December. If the room temperature is high, it can bloom before New Year's Day;However, if the room temperature is low, the flowering period can be delayed until around the Spring Festival.

After flowering, it should be moved to a cool place to prevent premature extraction of new shoots and leaves, which will affect the differentiation of flower buds and be unfavorable to flowering in the next year.

Plum sowing and propagation, germination treatment is required in spring, and it can be sown with picking in autumn. Autumn sowing: Harvest after the fruit is ripe in July and August, remove the seeds from the fruit tray, and sow them at any timeSeedlings can emerge more than 10 days after sowingIn that year, the seedlings can grow up to 20 centimeters.

Plum tree, also known as yellow plum blossom, fragrant plum blossom, fragrant plum, dry branch plum, wax plum family. In the central and northern regions of Henan, the flowering period is generally from November to February of the following year, and the fruiting period is 4 November. Plum belongs to the pre-leaf flower, that is, the leaves are opened after flowering.

In general, the leaves of the same plum plant grow 1-2 weeks later than the flowering. <>

Soil requirements Cultivation of plum, need to plant it into loose, fertile and well-drained slightly acidic sandy loam soil, before planting, need to apply an appropriate amount of base fertilizer in the soil to increase soil fertility, if it is a potted plum, then it also needs to be replaced with a new potting soil every year.

Light and temperature conditions Lamei is a sun-loving plant, daily maintenance, to put it in a sunny environment, so that it can grow vigorously, it has a certain cold resistance, the temperature is not less than -15 when it can safely overwinter, but the flowering period should not let the temperature lower than -10, otherwise its flowers will produce frost damage.

Reasonable water and fertilizer breeding plum also need to be reasonable to apply water and fertilizer, usually watering, so that the soil is in a slightly moist state is the most suitable, it is best to master the principle of not drying and not watering, in the summer to water frequently, in the growth period of the plum, to apply a thin decomposing fertilizer water every two weeks or so, flower bud differentiation period to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

Regular pruning Breeding plum also needs to be pruned regularly, such as its germination period to properly wipe its buds and pluck the top, so as not to grow too dense branches, 5-6 months, to properly cut off the long branches, after the plant flowering also needs to cut off the dead old branches, weak branches, etc., so that it will be more beautiful.

1. Soil:Cultivating Wax Wool Qiaochi plum should choose a soft sandy soil rich in humus.

2. Watering:Plum is very afraid of waterlogging, if the amount of water is too much, it will grow poorly, and it will also affect the differentiation of flower buds, the soil of Plum is best to keep a dry state, generally not dry and wide, watering is thorough, but in summer to water more, as long as there is enough water it can grow normally.

3. Temperature:Lamei is relatively cold-tolerant, as long as the temperature is not lower than 15 it can survive the winter normally, and the temperature control cavity is best at 16-23.

4. Pruning:Diseased branches, dead branches and branches that are too dense should be pruned properly, and pruning them at the right time can help them grow better.

Lamei is a traditional national flower in China, which has been closely related to the life and culture of the people since ancient times. It is known as "proud frost and snow, ice heart and iron bones", and is deeply loved by flower friends. It is a deciduous shrub that blooms at the end of winter and early spring, and belongs to the family Plumaceae, the genus Wax Plum.

Like plum blossoms, they are light-loving and shade-tolerant, relatively drought-tolerant, and also cold-tolerant.

It blooms early, blooms at lower temperatures, and can withstand a certain amount of freezing and low temperatures during the flowering period, and can continue to bloom once the weather clears. It has a longer flowering period, and it is not afraid of the invasion of cold, ice and snow, and it blooms first in the middle of winter, and the flowers wither, which is also a wonder of the plant world.

So how to maintain and manage the plum blossom? Learn 5 tips to bloom more and have a strong aroma!

1. The soil should be loose and fertile.

Lamei is more leathery, but our family wants it to grow well and bloom more, so the soil should be more attentive and work hard to lay a good foundation.

If you want to raise plum well, then the soil must be rich in humus, for example, the rotten leaf celery soil is very good, you can also mix some rotten chicken manure or sheep manure into the soil, and add some original soil and coarse river sand on this basis to ensure the permeability of the plum soil. In other words, we can use a mixture of humus, garden soil and coarse river sand in equal proportions as the soil for the cultivation of plum.

2. Do not use dirty water for watering.

If the climate is warmer and the soil is dry, you can water it a little, but it is best not to use water with washing powder, dirty water and sewage to water plum blossoms, you can use rainwater tap water to water. Although plum blossoms are more cold-resistant, but the cold wind blows too much, and the temperature is too low, which will also cause the buds to freeze, and the temperature is below zero, we can build a layer of film to keep warm.

3. Illumination. During the growth and flowering period, the demand for light is relatively large, and more than six hours of sunlight should be ensured every day. Especially in winter, it is very important for Lamei.

Plum can grow in a hot breeding environment and can withstand the high temperature in summer. However, in winter, it should be noted that the minimum temperature should not be lower than -15 degrees Celsius, which will affect the normal growth of plums.

4. Fertilizer management.

The fertilization option is to use a compound fertilizer containing humic acid with organic fertilizer after the wax plum blossom is used. The ratio of compound fertilizer to organic fertilizer is applied in a ratio of 1 to 5.

After spring, when the leaves begin to sprout, apply organic liquid fertilizer once every half month. Wait until around August, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied once a month to promote the differentiation of flower buds. After each watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil in time to prevent soil compaction.

The method of raising plum is as follows:

Although it is hardy and can bloom in the snowy winter, only by giving sufficient light can its flower buds successfully complete the work of differentiation and development, and become a full of blooming flowers and a beautiful scenery in the eyes of others. Indoors, if you get sunlight all day, you also need to be careful to move it to a semi-shaded place from time to time to weaken the light, after all, if the blooming flowers see too much light, they will emit a strong fragrance and enter a state of aging prematurely.

minus 15 degrees is the bottom line of the temperature that Lamei can withstand, so during the period of potted plum at home, if you want it to spend the winter safely and maintain a state of good spirits, you should insist on controlling the ambient temperature above this limit.

Plum prefers a slightly moist soil environment, and can be watered immediately when the surface of the potting soil is dry, but because the soil in the depths still has some water, it is only necessary to slightly moisten the soil with water.

Growth habits of plums

Lamei likes sunlight, can tolerate shade and avoid water. Plum blossom can bloom proudly in frost, snow and cold weather, the flowers are yellow like wax, fragrant and fragrant, and are the main flowers and trees to be ornamented in winter. Lamei is cold-tolerant, can safely overwinter when it is not less than -15, and can be cultivated in the open field in the south of Beijing, and the flowers are frost damaged when the flowering period encounters a low temperature of -10.

It usually grows on deep, fertile, loose, well-drained, slightly acidic sandy loam soils, and does not grow well on saline-alkali soils.

Lamei has strong drought tolerance, afraid of waterlogging Gaoqing Chop, family maintenance and watering should not be too diligent. The growth of the tree is strong, the branches are vigorous, and the rhizomes are easy to sprout and till. Resistant to pruning and easy to shape. Flowers first and then leaves, flowering period November to March of the following year, July and August to mature.

In the process of cultivating plum, we first select a slightly acidic sandy soil with deep and loose soil, maintain about 6 hours of light time every day, water thin water once a day during the growth period, and water once a day in the dry season, and apply a rotten cake fertilizer solution every 15 days or so after planting.

Although the adaptability is very strong, it is best to choose a fertile slightly acidic sandy soil with deep and loose soil, and generally you can choose sandy soil, humus soil, garden soil, and ash soil according to 3:4:2:

The ratio of 2 is mixed and prepared, and a small amount of well-rotted organic fertilizer solution can be applied to the bottom of the pot before the plum is put into the pot.

Plum is the best ornamental flower in winter, how to raise plum is simple, because it is a sun-loving plant, it is best to keep about 6 hours of light time a day, but it can not be exposed to the sun for a long time outdoors, in the strong light season of midsummer, put it in a cool place with scattered sunlight.

Because the plum is not waterlogged, it is best to keep the semi-dry and semi-wet state in the daily watering, water the thin water once a day during the growth period, pay attention to the drainage treatment when the rainy weather is cloudy, it is best to water once in the morning and evening in the hot and dry season, and keep the potting soil dry in spring and autumn.

When the plum is planted, it is best to apply a well-rotted cake fertilizer solution every 15 days or so, and pour in water in time, and add a mixed solution of rotten organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer every 3 weeks or so in summer, and it is necessary to loosen the soil in time to make it fully mixed and optimal.

Generally, during the growth of the plum, it is necessary to prune the strong branches, cut off the strong branches of the plum, cut off too many branches, dead branches, and diseased branches, and then comb the branches in time, and cut the branches that are too long to promote the germination and growth of the plant.

Raise a good plum to keep its soil moist every day during the growth period, control the amount of water to avoid water accumulation, but also keep the temperature at about 20, winter warming to make it better winter, so that the plum receives more than 6 hours of light, and timely pruning of the branches that grow rapidly, but also for branch propagation, so that the plum grows more luxuriant.

Plum in the maintenance of proper watering, generally in the process of its growth need to be watered every day to keep the pot soil moist, in the case of high temperature in summer, it is necessary to carry out a watering in the morning and evening, pay attention to watering thoroughly and avoid excessive water accumulation.

Winter warming is also one of the key points of how to raise plum, although plum has a good cold resistance, but in winter to ensure that the temperature is not less than minus 15, so that it can survive the winter, usually maintain the temperature at about 20.

When maintaining the plum, it is necessary to make it photosynthesize in sufficient sunlight, which generally needs to receive about 6 hours of light, so that the plum can grow better. During the flowering period, it is necessary to avoid direct sunlight, and the flowers will wither early due to sunburn.

Plum grows rapidly, and it is necessary to prune in time during maintenance, and cut off the branches such as sick and weak branches and dense branches on the plant, so that the plum has a good growth condition, and provide it with sufficient nutrients to promote the lush growth of the plum.

During the maintenance, the plum can also be propagated by dividing the plum from the soil, and then cutting it with a knife to make it a small plant with about 3 stems, and planting it into the prepared potting soil for maintenance.

Plum blossoms are usually planted in February and March in the spring or July and August in the fall. If you buy plum seedlings for planting, you can choose to plant them after the leaves have fallen and plant them before the spring sprouts, which is the most suitable time and easy to survive. So, how to raise plum after planting?

The following is an introduction to the maintenance method of the plum.

1. Watering. It is more afraid of waterlogging, and the soil is not dry and watered, and it is watered thoroughly. It is best to maintain the semi-humid state of the soil by watering it at ordinary times, and it is better to drain the water wisely in the rainy season to prevent water accumulation in the soil.

Replenish water in time during the dry season, and during flowering, the soil should be moderately dry and should not be overwatered. Potted wax plum in spring and autumn, the potting soil is not dry or watered; In summer, water once a day in the morning and evening, and the amount of water is controlled according to the dry and wet conditions of the potting soil. Drain water in time on rainy days to avoid stagnant water.

2. Fertilization. Potted wax plum, no longer fertilize water in the early stage of potting, apply leaf fertilizer in spring, apply fully rotted organic fertilizer once a year after flowering, and apply a rotten cake fertilizer water every 10-15 days after the germination of new leaves in spring to the bright key growing season in June; During the flower bud differentiation stage from July to August, the mixture of well-rotted organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was topdressed. Apply organic fertilizer again after autumn.

After each fertilization, it is necessary to water and loosen the soil in time to keep the soil loose, and do not apply fertilizer during the flowering period.

3. Temperature and light.

Lamei likes full sunshine, suitable for growing at a temperature of 16 23, generally the minimum temperature should not be lower than -10, it is relatively resistant to high temperatures, even in the environment of 40 can grow.

4. Prune before flowering.

Diseased branches, dead branches and branches that are too dense should be cut off in time. Before the flower buds swell after defoliation, leave an extra pair of leaf buds on the flower buds for the long branches, cut off the upper part of the flower buds, and thin out the dead branches, diseased branches, too weak branches, dense, long flowerless branches and roots that are not used for renewal. Be careful not to touch the flower buds.

5. Repair and prune after flowering.

Plum thinning senescent branches, dead branches, overly dense branches and long branches, etc., retract the weakened main branches or branch groups. For the main branches that are too tall, too long and too strong, they can be retracted at the larger mediocre oblique branches, and the weak branches can take the lead to control the branch height, branch length and branch potential. Short annual branches, pruning 30-40 cm for the main branch extension, 10-20 cm for other stronger branches, and leaving a pair of buds or thinning for weak branches.

Remove the residual flowers in time after the flowers are gone.

6. Pests. Common pests and diseases are anthracnose, black spot, aphids, etc., to remove the diseased leaves in time, with eggs in time to cut off the branches and leaves, so as not to increase the source of infection, at the same time can be sprayed with bond fierce agents.