What is the process of making soap? How soap is made

Soap making process :

The basic chemical reaction of soap making is the interaction of oils and alkalis to produce soap and glycerin

After salting, washing, and finishing, the soap obtained by the reaction is called a soap base, and then continues to be processed to become soap in different commercial forms.

Refining Removes impurities from the grease. Commonly used refining processes include de-ejaculation, alkali refining (deacidification) and decolorization. Degumming is to remove phospholipids and other colloids from oil, hydrate phospholipids and other colloids with water, and then precipitate the hydration method; and acid refining method to carbonize phospholipids and similar impurities with concentrated sulfuric acid.

The main function of alkali refining is to remove free fatty acids from the oil, but due to the formation of flocculent soap, adsorption and removal of pigments and impurities in the oil.

Saponification After the oil is refined, it undergoes a saponification reaction with the alkali. The boiling method is the main method of saponification, and the soap pot is cylindrical or square.

In addition to the conveying pipes equipped with grease, lye, water, brine, etc., it is also equipped with direct steam or steam coils to pass in the steam and stir the soap. The pan is also fitted with a moving head tube, and the upper mouth of the tube can be placed at any liquid level to drain the soap in the pan. The bottom of the pot is cone-shaped, and there is a discharge pipe under it to release the residual liquid left after the moving head discharge.

The grease and caustic soda are boiled in the soap pot until the saponification rate reaches about 95%, and the saponification operation is stopped when the soap is in a uniform closed state.

Salting-out In the closed soap, add table salt or saturated salt water to separate the soap from the dilute glycerol water. The lowest concentration at which soap is precipitated is called the salting out limit concentration. After the closed soap glue is salted, the upper layer of soap is called soap grains; The lower layer of salted glycerin water is drained from the bottom of the soap pan to **glycerin.

Washing After separating the waste liquid, add water and steam to boil the soap grains to make them into uniform soap glue from the precipitated state, and wash out the residual glycerin, pigments and impurities.

In order to completely saponify the residual oil in the soap grains, the glycerin, salt, pigments and impurities in the soap grains are further washed out by alkali precipitation. The lowest concentration of alkali that is completely precipitated from alkaline water is called the limit concentration of alkaline water.

Finishing Adjust the electrolyte and fatty acid content in the soap particles after alkali precipitation, reduce impurities, improve the color, and obtain the maximum soap yield and quality of the soap base. When finishing, an appropriate amount of electrolytes (such as caustic soda and table salt) should be added to adjust enough to make the soap precipitate into two soap phases. The upper layer is pure soap base, and the lower layer is soap feet.

The soap foot is dark in color and has many impurities, and is generally reused in the next pot of alkali precipitation.

Molding The soap base is condensed into a large soap board, and then cut into a soap blank, which is printed and dried into laundry soap, soap and other products.

Summary: Soap was most likely first invented by the Egyptian people of the Nile Valley. Phoenician seafarers brought soap-making technology to the Mediterranean coast around 600 BC.

In the first century AD, the finest soap was made from a mixture of goat fat and ash from burning beech wood.

Until the end of the 18th century, soap was made from animal fat and wood ash. At the end of the 18th century, it was discovered that an alkali made from table salt could replace wood ash. This base is called caustic soda. At that time, vegetable oils such as olive oil, palm oil, sesame oil, and soybean oil also began to replace animal fats.

What is the process of making soap? The soap factory shows the whole process of production, which is too decompressing to watch.

Our teacher has just finished today's class.

First of all, take grease such as lard butter, etc., add sodium hydroxide solution, boil in the pot at a certain temperature, until there is no delamination on the page, add excess sodium chloride until saturated, then there will be delamination in the pot, and then use gauze to remove the upper layer and make it into a certain shape.

The principle is that the oil is heated and hydrolyzed in an alkaline solution such as NaOH to generate higher fatty acid salts and glycerol, which is a saponification reaction.

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The basic chemical reaction of soap making is the interaction between oil and alkali to produce soap and glycerin, and the specific process flow is as follows:

1. Refining: remove impurities in grease;

2. Saponification: saponification reaction with alkali after oil refining;

3. Salting-out: salting out the soap obtained by the reaction, that is, adding salt or saturated salt water to the closed soap to separate the soap from the dilute glycerol water;

4. Washing: After separating the waste liquid, add water and steam to boil the soap grains to make them become uniform soap glue from the separated state, and wash out the residual glycerin, pigments and impurities;

4. Alkali precipitation: In order to completely saponify the residual oil in the soap particles, the glycerin dust, salt, pigments and impurities in the soap grains are further washed out by alkali precipitation;

6. Moulding: The soap base is condensed into a large soap board, and then cut into a soap blank, which is printed and dried into laundry soap, soap and other products.

The method and recipe of soap are as follows:

12 ounces of distilled water, 1 can of vegetable shortening, 6 ounces of lye, 8-8 inches of container.

Step 1: Pour the shortening into the enamel pot and place on the stove to melt. Heat the lye in another enamel pot.

Step 2: Pour cold distilled water in a glass bowl and slowly pour the lye into the water. Stir constantly with a wooden spoon until the mixture is clear.

Step 3: Pour the shortening in another glass bowl and add the above lye and distilled water mixture. Pour in slowly and stir constantly. Make sure that the heat of both liquids can be touched by hand.

Step 4: When the above solution becomes viscous, you can add different additives, spices, oils or herbs and mix well.

Step 5: The next step is to pour the solution into a container and place the mold in a warm and insulated place to keep it for more than 24 hours.

Step 6: Cut the above large soap into the desired pieces and store it in a dry place to dry. They will be ready to use after three weeks. After learning how to make your own lye soap, it's time to try your own home soap.

How to make homemade natural soap.

Step 1: Mix rosemary and lavender leaves and grind them into a powder with a food processor.

Step 2: Bring the water to a boil and pour it into a glass bowl and add 6 tablespoons of the above powder.

Step 3: After 10 minutes, add the rosemary and lavender essential oils to the bowl.

Step 4: Melt the glycerin soap in a saucepan, mix the above solution and stir continuously until smooth.

Step 5: Pour the mixture into the mold and let it sit for at least a month.

Step 6: After a month, remove the soap from the mold. The soap can be wrapped in plastic film and butter paper and stored.

The making of soap.

1.Principle. Fat and sodium hydroxide are boiled together and hydrolyzed into sodium and glycerol, which are processed and molded into soap.

2.Supplies. 150 and 1 300ml beaker, glass stick, alcohol lamp, asbestos net, tripod, lard (or other animal or vegetable fat or oil), NaOH, 95% alcohol, saturated salt water.

3.Operate. 1) In a 150ml beaker, hold 6 g of lard and 5 ml of 95% alcohol, then add 10 ml of 40% NaOH solution. Stir with a glass rod to dissolve it (heat over a slight heat if necessary).

2) Place the beaker on an asbestos net (or in a water bath) over low heat, stirring constantly with a glass holder. During the heating process, if the alcohol and water are evaporated and reduced, they should be replenished at any time to maintain the original volume. For this purpose, a mixture of alcohol and water (1 1) 20 ml can be pre-prepared for addition.

Take out a few drops of the sample from the rod and put it into the test tube, add 5 6ml of distilled water to the test tube, heat and shake. When standing, there is oil separation, indicating that the saponification is incomplete, and the lye can be added dropwise to continue the saponification.

4) Slowly add 20ml of hot distilled water to the saponified viscous liquid and stir to make them miscible. Then slowly pour the viscous liquid into a 150ml hot saturated salt solution, stirring as you go. After standing, the soap is salted out and floats, and the soap can be taken out with a glass rod after all the soap is precipitated and solidified, and the soap is made.

2) If you do not use a water bath, you must use low heat.

3) During the saponification reaction, the original volume of the mixture should be maintained, and the mixture in the beaker should not be boiled dry or splashed outside the beaker.

Good evening kiss, I have inquired for you, Sakura stuffy soap is made of coconut oil or other vegetable oils mixed with alkaline chemical ridge bending products such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc., soap contains concentrated detergent, its washing power is strong, not easy to salt precipitation, easy to dissolve in water, and has antibacterial properties, so it is welcome. Soap is divided into hot soap and cold soap according to the characteristics of its raw materials. In the process of making hot soap, coconut oil will react with alkalis in a hot way to form a foam during the soap manufacturing process, while cold soaps are usually added with foaming agents.

I hope mine is helpful to you and I wish you a happy and healthy life!

Summary. Hello, dear. Soap is a sodium salt of carboxylic acid R-CO2NA, synthetic coloring, synthetic fragrance, preservative, antioxidant, foaming agent, hardener, viscous agent, synthetic surfactant. The main raw material of soap is sodium stearate.

Hello, dear. Soap is made of R-CO2na, the sodium salt of carboxylic acid, synthetic pigments, synthetic fragrances, preservatives, antioxidants, foaming agents, hardeners, viscous agents, and synthetic sail surfactants. The main raw materials of soap are sodium stearate.

Pro, for you to expand the main ingredient of soap R-CO2NA, (sodium stearate (C17H35COONA)), where the R group is generally different, is a variety of hydrocarbon groups. r- is a hydrophobic group, and the carboxyl group is a hydrophilic group. In hard water, fertilizer soap and Ca2+, Mg2+ and other forms curd-like substances, fatty acid calcium salts, etc., which is commonly referred to as "calcium soap" and becomes a useless descaler.

Adding a softener to hard water removes hard water ions and allows the soap to work. Medicated soap is mainly made with some disinfectant added to it. Soap adds fragrance to it.

Soap contains saponine and has strong degreasing power.

Summary. Soaps are generally made from the following main ingredients:

Hello, the raw materials of the soap base, how to make it.

Soaps are generally made from the following main ingredients:

a. Oils or fats, the most common oils and fats are mixed with coconut oil, olive oil, palm oil, etc. These oils contain a high proportion of fatty acids in Tuanzhou, which are the main raw materials for making soap.

b. Use sodium hydroxide (solid cherry alkali lye) or potassium hydroxide (liquid lye) as lye. The lye reacts with the oil to produce a saponification reaction, and the san song changes the oil into soap.

c. Water is used to dissolve lye and adjust the humidity of soap.

Soap base is the basic ingredient for making soap and can be made by the following common methods:

1., saponification, cold preparation of the required oil, such as coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, etc. According to the preferences and needs of the self-coincidental nuclear Zen self, the blind can choose different oil groups and filial piety.

Use a weighing tool to accurately weigh the amount of grease and lye (meaning sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) you need.

Then, in a safe environment, Lili slowly added the canopy lye to the grease and stirred well. This process is called saponification. Stir the mixture continuously until the freezing point is reached. This procedure may take several hours or more to be searched by the limbs.

Cut the solidified mixture into the desired shape, such as a block or strip. It usually takes a few weeks for the cut mixture to cure when it is placed in a well-ventilated area. Finally, the soap base can be used to make soap products quietly.

2. Prepare the oil and lye that need to be cultivated by alkaline water method and hot method. The grease is heated to a molten state, and then the lye is slowly added. Heat and stir the mixture continuously until the saponification point is reached.

The mixture is then cooled to a cured state. Cut the chanting into the shape you need, and go through the process of solidification and maturation.

Regardless of the method, the process of making soap bases needs to be done safely, following the correct recipe and operating procedures. In addition, different oil and lye ratios, temperature and time will affect the properties of the final product before the change, so experiments and adjustments are required to obtain the ideal soap base. If you don't have the experience or expertise, it's advisable to buy a ready-made soap base or seek guidance from a professional soap maker.